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This volume, originally published in 1958, contains a selection of the most important and interesting articles by Knut Wicksell, which had hitherto only been published in Swedish. They cover Wicksell's views on Economics and monetary theory, his theory of production and distribution, some review articles on the works of Pareto, Böhm-Bawerk, Carl Menger and Bowley and some papers on foreign trade problems, written after the First World War. Erik Lindahl's introductory essay gives a picture of Wicksell the social reformer, who radical opinions often brought him into conflict with the authorities and the general public.

This book brings together selected papers from the The Vietnam-EU Economic and Trade Forum 2023 jointly organized by the VNU University of Economics and Business (UEB, Vietnam) and Krakow University of Economics (Poland). The book deals with the economic and political relationship between Asian and EU countries in the context of globalization, sustainable development, and climate change responses. This book covers a wide range of topics, such as Asian-EU economic-politic relation promotion, policies for environmental protection, green growth and climate change responses in Asian and EU countries, and education, culture, science and technology, and innovation cooperation between Asian and EU countries.

This book is a compilation of the best papers presented at the 2022 Asia-Pacific Conference on Economics & Finance (APEF), which is held annually in Singapore. With a great number of submissions, it presents the latest research findings in economics and finance and discusses relevant issues in today's world. The book is a useful resource for readers who want access to economics, finance and business research focusing on the Asia-Pacific region.2023 Asia-Pacific Conference on Economics & Finance (APEF) will take place on the 14-15 Dec 2023 in Singapore.

This book is a compilation of the best papers presented at the 2022 edition of the Asia-Pacific Conference on Economics & Finance (APEF), which is held annually in Singapore. With a great number of submissions, it presents the latest research findings in economics and finance and discusses relevant issues in today's world. The book is a useful resource for readers who want access to economics, finance and business research focusing on the Asia-Pacific region. The APEF 2021 conference was conducted virtually due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

This book is a compilation of the best papers presented at the APEF 2019 conference which was held on 25th and 26th July 2019 at the Grand Copthorne Waterfront in Singapore. With a great number of submissions, it presents the latest research findings in economics and finance and discusses relevant issues in today's world. The book is a useful resource for readers who want access to economics, finance and business research focusing on the Asia-Pacific region.

This book is a compilation of the best papers presented at the 2017 installment of the Asia-Pacific Conference on Economics & Finance (APEF), which is held annually in Singapore. With a great number of submissions, it presents the latest research findings in economics and finance and discusses relevant issues in today's world. The book is a useful resource for readers who want access to economics, finance and business research focusing on the Asia-Pacific region.

Volume 39A of Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology features a selection of essays presented at the 2019 Conference of the Latin American Society for the History of Economic Thought (ALAHPE), edited by Felipe Almeida and Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak, as well as a new general-research essay by Daniel Kuehn, an archival discovery by Katia Caldari and Luca Fiorito, and a book review by John Hall.

First published in 1980, this book collects 17 lectures presented at the annual conference of the Association of University Teachers of Economics covering a wide range issues and debates. They include new theoretical points, criticisms of existing theory, the reporting of empirical studies and their implications, and refinements of methodological techniques. Among the topics covered are government deficits and capital accumulation; macroeconomic issues of management policy and foreign trade; empirical studies of foreign exchange markets, and supply and demand of hours of work; public sector and welfare economics; risk and uncertainty; and monopoly, competition and markets.

This volume of Research on Economic Inequality contains research on how we measure poverty, inequality and welfare and how these measurements contribute towards policies for social mobility. The volume contains eleven papers, some of which focus on the uneven impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on poverty and welfare. Opening with debates on theoretical issues that lie at the forefront of the measurement of inequality and poverty literature, the first two chapters go on to propose new methods for measuring wellbeing and inequality in multidimensional categorical environments, and for measuring pro-poor growth in a Bayesian setting. The following three papers present theoretical innovations for measuring poverty and inequality, namely, in estimating the dynamic probability of being poor using a Bayesian approach, and when presented with ordinal variables. The next three chapters are contributions on empirical methods in the measurement of poverty, inclusive economic growth and mobility, with a focus on India, Israel and a unique longitudinal dataset for Chile. The volume concludes with three chapters exploring the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic as an economic shock on income and wealth poverty in EU countries and in an Argentinian city slum.

Research on Economic Inequality is a well-established publication of quality research. This 28th volume features insightful and original papers from the 8th Society for the Study of Economic Inequality (ECINEQ) meeting. The first paper of this volume illustrates the trajectory of income inequality in wealthy countries over the course of recent decades, while the second carries out a comprehensive assessment of income redistribution through taxes and transfers across OECD countries over the last two decades. The next two papers cover the topic of income mobility, one interpreting the Bartholomew index of mobility in terms of a directional mobility index, and the second providing a framework for the measurement of income mobility over a range of time periods. A fifth paper studies the potential equalization of rising educational attainment. The next paper investigates the effect the number of children within different age groups has on poverty. In the seventh, it is shown that a social planner who seeks to efficiently reduce the aggregate relative deprivation of the population, coincides with the Rawlsian social planner. Finally, the last paper generalizes the Oaxaca-Blinder approach to measure wage discrimination under imperfect information.

This volume showcases selected conference papers addressing the sustainable future of ASEAN from the perspectives of business and social science disciplines. In addressing the 17 Sustainable Developments Goals (SDGs) envisioned by the United Nations in the domains of environment, health and well-being, posing potential means of reducing inequalities globally, the authors target specific issues and challenges confronting the fast-growing region of ASEAN and present suggestions for co-operation and commitment from governments, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and society at large, in line with the ASEAN Vision 2020. Papers are selected from the 3rd International Conference on the Future of ASEAN (ICoFA) 2019, organised by Universiti Teknologi MARA in Malaysia, whose conference theme “Charting the Sustainable Future of ASEAN” enables intellectual discourse on sustainability issues from business and the social sciences, as well as science and technology. The selection of papers is published in two volumes, comprising scholarly and practical insights into sustainability in ASEAN. This first volume of papers from business and social science scholars will be of interest to researchers and policymakers interested in sustainability developments in the ASEAN region.

This proceedings volume presents current research and innovative solutions into capital markets, particularly in Poland. Featuring contributions presented at the 10th Capital Market Effective Investments (CMEI 2018) conference held in Międzyzdroje, Poland, this book explores the future of capital markets in Poland as well as comparing it with the capital markets of other developed regions around the world. Divided into four parts, the enclosed papers provide a background into the theoretical foundations of capital market investments, explores different approaches—both classical and contemporary—to investment decision making, analyzes the behaviors of investors using experimental economics and behavioral finance, and explores practical issues related to financial market investments, including real case studies. In addition, each part of the book begins with an introductory chapter written by thematic editors that provides an outline of the subject area and a summary of the papers presented.

What are the challenges and action points for agricultural sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa? This open access collection of papers offers technical analyses, policy recommendations and an overview of success stories to date. Each carefully selected paper provides valuable insights for improved policy making and defines relevant strategic priorities on Africa's sustainable transformation process, which is in line with the international development agenda. Although agriculture remains the main source of income for Africa's population, the sector is rain-fed subjecting it to the vagaries of weather and climate change. This volume demonstrates the rationale of developing a competitive, inclusive and sustainable agribusiness sector for Africa's food security and structural transformation.From the impact of Bioenergy crop adoption and Drought Index Insurance to Agro-Industrialization, this volume is important reading for individual researchers, academic associations and professional bodies interested in African agricultural development.

This volume comprises papers presented at the 8th international conference “The Economies of the Balkan and Eastern European Countries in the Changing World” (EBEEC) held in Split, Croatia in 2016. The papers cover a wide range of current issues relevant for the whole of Eastern Europe, such as European integration, economic growth, labour markets, education and tourism. Written by experienced researchers in the field of economic challenges for Eastern Europe, the papers not only analyse recent problems, but also offer policies to resolve them. Furthermore, they offer insights into the theoretical and empirical foundations of the economic processes described. The proceedings of the conference appeals to all those interested in the further economic development of the Balkan and Eastern European countries.

Volume 33 contains articles on the economic history of Europe, America and Asia and brings new analysis, and newly created datasets to address issues of interest. Two papers focus on the US and contribute to our understanding of the Great Depression. In'Reexamining the Origins of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act', Beaudreau argues industrialists used the plight of farmers to raise tariffs on manufactured goods. And Jalil and Rua show in'Inflation Expectations in the U.S. in Fall 1933” that shifts in inflationary expectations could be responsible for the patterns in output witnessed in 1933: an expansion in the early part of the year which stalled by the Fall. Two papers present new data.'First Cabin Fares from New York to the British Isles, 1826-1914'by Dupont, Keeling and Weiss extends their work on understanding early tourism by creating a new series to examine the time path of first class travel over the 19th century.'Reforms and Supervisory Organizations: Lessons from the History of the Istanbul Bourse, 1873–1883'by Hanedar, Hanedar, Torun and Çelikay data newly collected from the Istanbul Bourse to better understand how investors respond to different types of reforms. And finally, Field in'The Savings and Loan Insolvencies and the Costs of Financial Crisis'gives a reinterpretation of the Savings and Loan Crises of the late 1980s and early 1990s in light of the subsequent, much more severe crisis of 2007/08.

This Handbook contains twenty-six original and substantive papers examining a wide selection of philosophical methods. Drawing upon an international range of leading contributors, it will help shape future debates about how philosophy should be done. The papers will be of particular interest to researchers and high-level undergraduates.

In March of 2018, 44 African countries signed the African Continental Free Trade Area agreement (AfCFTA) to launch what is considered as the largest free trade area in the world. The signing of the agreement has been hailed as a major breakthrough for African development by African countries and organizations as well as external observers of African affairs. This is not the first time African countries have proposed a new organizational and institutional structure for development. African countries have signed at least 13 regional trade agreements (RTAs) for intraregional trade since 1959. However, the track record of these groups has been relatively mediocre compared to RTAs elsewhere. Thus, Africa has the lowest percentage of intracontinental trade in the world. This volume evaluates the prospects and challenges for the AfCFTA through a deep-dive assessment of previous trade blocs on the African continent and of regional free trade areas in other parts of the world. The central question of the book is this: If pre-AfCFTA trade blocs in Africa did not encourage more intracontinental trade, what guarantees that the AfCTA will? The formation of the AfCFTA will definitely remove overlapping membership that existed with previous trading blocs on the continent, but what is different about the AfCFTA that will get rid of cumbersome regulation, boost manufacturing, and create jobs? This book argues that the dreams of AfCFTA will not be realized unless African countries make efforts to address the industry mix of their economies and to enforce the rules and regulations they set down on paper.

This book aims to provide a complete compendium of Chinese Marketing and Management Scales, making it an invaluable resource for business researchers, practitioners, and scholars. Its purpose is to facilitate the measurement and evaluation of various constructs and variables within marketing and management, specifically designed for the Chinese context. This book will be highly valuable for marketing researchers and practitioners working in the Chinese market. Our book's contributions to marketing research demonstrate our commitment to academic excellence and our desire to advance knowledge in this crucial field. The book's structure is as follows: Chapter One serves as an introduction, giving an overview of the book's content, scope, and organization. Chapter Two covers the Scale Development Procedure. Chapter Three focuses on Chinese Culture-related Scales. Chapter Four presents General Marketing Scales Developed in the Chinese Context. Chapter Five showcases Exemplary Papers for Some Selected Scales, and Chapter Six provides a summary of the book.

The aim of this edited collection is to bridge the gap between advanced research methods and models and the main fields of economic research by presenting a collection of articles demonstrating the applicability of new research methods to a wide range of current economic topics, including, but not limited to, mathematical modelling of financial market behavior, modeling in corporate finance and management and modeling of macroeconomic issues. The book is a collection of 12 theoretical and empirical research papers that present novel results from modeling current economic phenomena using a logical, behavioral, institutional and quantitative approach, as well as provide researchers with useful and practical knowledge in the examination of economic phenomena.

This open access book aims to present the cutting-edge research of scholars from the Global South, where scholars from developing countries have begun to join in the production of knowledges of Area Studies and have produced a large body of excellent works of Area Studies based on a variety of disciplines. Articles of this book have been developed from 11 papers which were presented at the 2nd Tsinghua Area Studies Forum, to represent a range of area studies subjects and regions. The book is divided into five chapters that either analyze regional country issues (regions in the world) from the perspective of global linkages and cross-regional linkages or discuss internal issues such as national governance, ethnicity, economy, and civil war, using the nation-state as the unit of analysis.

This book is a compilation of the best papers presented at the 2023 edition of the Asia-Pacific Conference on Economics & Finance (APEF), which is held annually in Singapore. It presents the latest research findings in economics and finance and discusses relevant issues in today's world. The book is a useful resource for readers who want access to economics, finance and business research that focusing on the Asia-Pacific region.

This book makes general considerations regarding global changes and contemporary economic issues in Asian countries in real terms. It offers a collection of original conference papers from the annual international conferences on “Contemporary economic issues in Asian countries” (CEIAC Conference) commenced in 2022 in collaboration with CIFOR-ICRAF, Sungkyunkwan University (Korea), and Tamkang University (Taiwan). The theme of the CEIAC Conference 2022 deals with broad aspects of the contemporary economic issues in Asian countries. It covers topics such as economics and business (economic theory, national and international income distribution, macroeconomic policies, sectors of economy, productivity developments, financial market, business governance, bank financing, etc.), green economy and sustainable development (developing process, development policy, public policy, sustainable growth, green growth, etc.), and international trade and investment (international trade theory, free trade agreements, tariffs, intellectual property, international law, etc.). The book would interest a wide array of professors, researchers, lecturers, students in fields of economics, consultants, and decision makers interested in the issues related to economic issues in Asia.

This book continues the discussion from Volume 1 on the general considerations regarding global changes and contemporary economic issues in Asian countries in real terms. It offers a collection of original conference papers from the annual international conferences on “Contemporary economic issues in Asian countries” (CEIAC Conference) commenced in 2022 in collaboration with CIFOR-ICRAF, Sungkyunkwan University (Korea), and Tamkang University (Taiwan). The theme of the CEIAC Conference 2022 deals with broad aspects of the contemporary economic issues in Asian countries. It covers topics such as economics and business (economic theory, national and international income distribution, macroeconomic policies, sectors of economy, productivity developments, financial market, business governance, bank financing, etc.), green economy and sustainable development (developing process, development policy, public policy, sustainable growth, green growth, etc.), and international tradeand investment (international trade theory, free trade agreements, tariffs, intellectual property, international law, etc.). The book would interest a wide array of professors, researchers, lecturers, students in fields of economics, consultants, and decision makers interested in the issues related to economic issues in Asia.

These proceedings constitute a selection of best papers from the 3rd International Conference on Economics and Social Sciences, Innovative Models to Revive the Global Economy, ICESS 2020, held in Bucharest, Romania, in October 2020.This book is a collection of research findings and perspectives related to recent economic challenges determined by the global crisis due to COVID 19, led by the set of improvements and changes in the economic, societal, and technological structures and processes towards the effort of reaching the sustainability goals. During a crisis, countries, and businesses must respond promptly to ensure survival. They need to rethink social contracts, redefine work and consumption, mobilize resources at speed and scale, and at the same time rethink patterns from global to local. The innovative models presented in this book aim to ensure simultaneous economic development, social development, and environmental protection, to achieve a higher quality of life for all people, and protect all living beings and the planet.

The Western literature on the history of Chinese economic thought is sparse, and comparisons with the history of Western economic thought even more so. This pioneering book brings together Western and Chinese scholars to reflect on the historical evolution of economic thought in Europe and China. The international panel of contributors cover key topics such as currency, usury, land tenure, the granary system, welfare, and government, and special attention is given to monetary institutions and policies. The problem of'good government'emerges as the unifying thread of a complex analysis that includes both theoretical issues and applied economics. Chinese lines of evolution include the problem of the agency of the State, its ideological justification, the financing of public expenditure, the role played by the public administration, and the provision of credit. The early radical condemnation of usury in the Near East and in the West gives way to theoretical justifications of interest-taking in early capitalist Europe; they, in turn, lead to advances in mathematics and business administration and represent one of the origins of modern economic theory. Other uniting themes include the relationship between metallic and paper money in Chinese and European experiences and the cross-fertilization of economic practices and ideas in the course of their pluri-millennial interactions. Differences emerge; the approach to the organization of economic life was, and still is, more State-centred in China. The editors bring together these analytical threads in a final chapter, opening wider horizons for this new line of comparative economic research which is important for the understanding of modern ideological turns.This volume provides valuable reading for scholars in the history of economic thought, economic history and Chinese studies.

This book provides a thorough understanding of the key policy debates on international trade and investment for development with a focus on the East African Community (EAC) to strengthen Member States'capacity to develop policies to promote their exports'competitiveness and diversification. Beyond Member States', the book serves as a base for a deeper understanding of the challenges, opportunities and requirements of the intra-continental trade agreement which is now in sight with the ratification of the Tripartite (EAC-COMESA-SADC) Free Trade Area that is critical in addressing key constraints to trade in the African continent. Moreover, the lessons from this edited volume may also extend to the challenges and opportunities of the African Continental Free Trade Area. The book brings together a comprehensive overview and an evidence-based analysis that can be considered best practice in the region. The trade and investment policy analysis of constraints and opportunities aims to improve trade and competitiveness and covers macro- (economy-wide), meso- (sectoral) and micro- (firm or household) levels. This multi-level approach is crucial for understanding how current trade and investment policies limit competitiveness and diversification in order to identify more tangible policy action for overcoming such constraints. The individual contributors follow comprehensive applied empirical approaches, and each chapter generates knowledge needed to identify key challenges and opportunities focusing on research-led policy-relevant approaches that enable readers to better understand national, bilateral, and multilateral cooperation as well as policies for sustainable development in East Africa. The contributors know the EAC context very well as their engagement in policymaking goes beyond the context of the papers they are writing about. The individual chapters were developed as part of a research and capacity building programme under the aegis of ACP and EUthat we implemented in 2020-2022. The research project well fits into the Frontiers in African Business Research series as we have many African contributors. The contributions matter to policymakers and academic circles. For students, the book serves as an excellent guide for understanding international trade and investment theories and gaining up-to-date knowledge on developments in the world economy and their effects on developing countries and SDGs. Trade policy researchers and students will be able to extend theories and empirical data to address new and emerging topics beyond the settings already covered in the book.

This book contains four research papers that clarify the issues behind China's rapid economic growth, using empirical studies. The book makes two distinctive points. First, it elucidates the unique economic development of China from a different perspective than the'state capitalism'theory, based on empirical research on the Chinese economy and politics with the cooperation of leading scholars. Second, the book paints a total picture of China through an interdisciplinary analysis of economics, politics, and history. Each chapter focuses on the political–economic context of China's rapid economic growth on the following basis. First, the authors analyze whether there is a clear difference in the labor distribution rate between state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises, using data from industrial enterprises. Second, they focus on Shenzhen as an innovation hub and examine sustainable innovation and its institutional context in China. Third, there is empirical clarification of questions by matching the databases of industrial enterprises and information on elected representatives of the Local People's Congress of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. Finally, the authors focus on the competition by local governments to attract companies by auctioning land usage rights.

This book includes a series of papers that mainly discuss the proposition of “double middle-income traps.” It analyzes various perspectives of middle-income groups of Russia and China including employment, education, consumption, mobility, social insurance, social values and identity, social and political participation. This book further indicates that the expansion of middle-income groups plays an important role in promoting mass consumption, maintaining continuous and stable economic growth, and overcoming the double middle-income traps. The middle class and middle-income group generally owns higher economic capital and cultural capital and is proved to be the main strength in expanding consumption by many empirical studies. However, the middle class and middle-income group has currently encountered hindrance to upward mobility, life quality, social security and class identity, which prevent the expansion of the middle-income group and improvement of social structure. Through comparing the middle-income groups of these two countries, this book gives us a panoramic view of their social and economic condition. Successfully combining theory and concrete practical guidelines, the book offers a valuable resource for all those active in this dynamic field. The book is important for students, scholars, researchers and professionals in economic and social science fields.

This book includes papers presented at the 11th International Conference “Economies of the Balkan and Eastern European Countries” (EBEEC), held in Bucharest, Romania, in May 2019. It sheds new light on the micro- and macroeconomic developments in the Eastern European and Balkan countries, while at the same time taking into account the broader regional and global factors influencing these developments. By examining how the decisions and the performance of economic, social and political actors in the region are intertwined with wider regional and global events, the contributions highlight the dynamic development in Eastern Europe and the Balkans region. Further, the book demonstrates how the region has overcome numerous challenges in the past and is evolving within the framework of European economic integration and the global effervescent economy.

A thousand-year history of how China's obsession with silver influenced the country's financial well-being, global standing, and political stability This revelatory account of the ways silver shaped Chinese history shows how an obsession with “white metal” held China back from financial modernization. First used as currency during the Song dynasty in around 900 CE, silver gradually became central to China's economic framework and was officially monetized in the middle of the Ming dynasty during the sixteenth century. However, due to the early adoption of paper money in China, silver was not formed into coins but became a cumbersome “weighing currency,” for which ingots had to be constantly examined for weight and purity—an unwieldy practice that lasted for centuries. While China's interest in silver spurred new avenues of trade and helped increase the country's global economic footprint, Jin Xu argues that, in the long run, silver played a key role in the struggles and entanglements that led to the decline of the Chinese empire.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 will not only cause job losses, but will also create new workspaces that may not exist today. It also needs to be considered by accountants in government because the processes of budget planning, budget execution, and financial reporting have used a large number of information systems. In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the changes will be faster, marked by the emergence of such systems as supercomputers, smart robots, cloud computing, big data systems, genetic engineering and the development of neurotechnology that allows humans to optimize brain function further. Industrial Revolution 4.0 will disrupt the accounting profession. This proceedings provides selected papers/research on government accounting, accountability and integrity public sector accounting, financial accounting, accounting information system, auditing and assurance, corporate sustainability, forensic and management accounting, public and corporate finance, taxation and customs, open innovation in public sector accounting. The proceedings provide details beyond what is possible to be included in an oral presentation and constitute a concise but timely medium for the dissemination of recent research results. It will be invaluable to professionals and academics in the field of accounting, finance and the public sector to get an understanding of recent research.

This volume is a collection of twelve selected empirical studies on the economics of agriculture and natural resources. Twenty-two authors have contributed their research to this volume. Papers of this volume are grouped into three main domains covering: Agricultural Resilience and Sustainability; Agricultural Producers and Consumers; and Energy Use in Agriculture. Organized in an analytical framework and offering comprehensive empirical data, this book focuses on agricultural sustainability and resilience, environmental efficiency, agricultural extension, foreign trade, energy use, and agricultural growth aspects of the Iranian agriculture sector. They demonstrate technical and methodological tools used for the analysis and explain their application in the agricultural sector of Iran. This book will be a valuable read for those managing agricultural enterprises, policy makers, and researchers of agricultural producers and consumers.

China is historically famous for its high demographic dividend and its huge working population, and this has driven tremendous economic growth over the past few decades. However, that population has begun to shrink and the Lewis turning point whereby surplus rural population has been absorbed into manufacturing is also approaching, leading to great change in the Chinese labor market. Will this negatively affect China's economic growth? Can the'Middle-Income Trap'be avoided? What reforms should be made on the labor supply side? This book tackles these key questions.This book is a collection of 14 papers presenting the author's observations, analysis, and opinions of China's long-term economic development from the demographic perspective, while analysing real economic problems from the past and including policy recommendations. It provides a critical reference for scholars and students interested in Chinese economic development and demographic perspectives on economic development.

This edited volume explores theoretical and empirical issues related to monetary economics and policy in the Islamic financial system. Derived from the Conference on Islamic Monetary Economics and Institutions: Theory and Practice 2017 held in Malé, Maldives, the enclosed papers highlights several option for authorities and regulatory bodies regarding monetary policy and regulation, as well as discussing how Islamic monetary policy effects growth, financial stability and resilience to shocks in practice. The inter-linkage between Islamic monetary policy and other markets are also explored. The subject of Islamic economics has gained considerable attention in the last four decades with the emergence of Islamic financial institutions around the world. This phenomenon has motivated economists to develop a comprehensive theoretical framework of modern monetary economics for Islamic economic system. An important characteristic of the Islamic economic system is the abolition of interest from the financial system. Islamic monetary economics is distinguished from conventional monetary economics due to the absence of interest. Therefore, under the Islamic economic system, monetary policy has to depend on other tools. In the early theoretical literature on Islamic monetary economics, many have discussed the role of money in Islamic economics system, while the number of empirical studies on Islamic monetary economics is a relatively new phenomenon. According to Islamic scholars, there are three main goals of Islamic monetary policy: a) economic well-being with full employment and optimum rate of economic growth; b) socioeconomic justice and equitable distribution of income and wealth and c) stability in the value of money. Hence, the Islamic monetary policy has several socioeconomic and ethical implications. Featuring regional case studies, this book serves as a valuable resource for academics, scholars, practitioners and policy makers in the areas of Islamic economics and finance.

There's no question, compared to the advanced economies China's economic growth rates have been spectacular, but in most instances the economic analysts tend to forget that a large part of China's growth has been dictated by government industrial subsidies. How did China go from a bit player overnight to the largest exporter in the world in capital-intensive industries? This book shows that government subsidies play a big part in China's success. Government subsidies include those to basic industries: energy (coal, electricity, natural gas and heavy oil), steel, glass, paper, auto parts, solar and more. A lot has been written about China's trade practices with the West, but none of this work addresses the real unsustainable dilemma. Much of the current literature discusses the problems but doesn't explain the root cause of China's lopsided trade practices with the West or explain in detail how China finances its government subsidies, with nothing written that explains that China's subsidized exports to the United States and European Union are basically self-funded by its enormous trade surplus with the West. A trade surplus represents a net inflow of domestic currency from foreign markets and is the opposite of a trade deficit, which would represent a net outflow. Moreover, this is the only book that describes China's current trade practices with the West as a zero sum game at the expense of the West. This book provides two solutions to this endless quagmire: an increase in Western exports to China so that China and the West have more of an equal trade balance, or a very steep reduction of China's exports to the West.

With the life story of Shibusawa Eiichi (1840–1931), one of the most important financiers and industrialists in modern Japanese history, as its narrative focal point, this book explores the challenges of importing modern business enterprises to Japan, where the pursuit of profit was considered beneath the dignity of the samurai elite. Seeking to overturn the Tokugawa samurai-dominated political economy after the Meiji Restoration, Shibusawa was a pioneer in introducing joint-stock corporations to Japan as institutions of economic development. As the entrepreneurial head of Tokyo's Dai-Ichi Bank, he helped launch modern enterprises in such diverse industries as banking, shipping, textiles, paper, beer, and railroads. Believing businesses should be both successful and serve the national interest, Shibusawa regularly cautioned against the pursuit of profit alone. He insisted instead on the ‘unity of morality and economy'following business ethics derived from the ConfucianAnalects. A top leader in Japan's business community for decades, Shibusawa contributed to founding the Tokyo Stock Exchange, the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce, and numerous educational and philanthropic organizations to promote his vision of Confucian capitalism. This volume marks an important contribution to the international debate on the extent to which capitalist enterprises have a responsibility to serve and benefit the societies in which they do business. Shibusawa's story demonstrates that business, government, trade associations, and educational institutions all have valuable roles to play in establishing a political economy that is both productive and humane.

This book scrutinizes the last 15 years of exceptional growth in the Turkish economy, and presents a model for sustainable ongoing growth that has particular implications for other key emerging economies. The growth of the Turkish economy in the 2000's was based on two integrated fundamental factors: fixing deteriorating dynamics and implementing further reforms to stimulate economic activity. This basic formula led to pleasing rates of economic growth, fuelled particularly by domestic private investments along with revived consumption and exports. Driven by political stability established by single party governments in the post-2002 period, an improved economic outlook helped Turkey enjoy record levels of foreign investment, adding momentum to its growth story. The Turkish experience in the post-crisis period implies that in order to achieve a fast and - more importantly - sustainable onward growth, the economy needs a new generation of structural reforms that simultaneously heal fragility and vitalize economic activity.The papers in this book offer professional assessments and assistance - especially for policymakers, and present a new direction upon which the Turkish economy - and emerging markets - can progress successfully for a further 15 years.

This volume empirically investigates different issues of public sector economics. It covers country groups as diverse as the OECD and developing/emerging countries alike. The book is divided into three main sections: Issues in Public Sector Revenues, Issues in Public Sector Expenditures, and Analysis of Inequality. It consists of eleven papers related to the sections mentioned above. The authors of the chapters also offer some policy recommendations based on their empirical analysis.

This book presents a variety of research papers on factories'locations, city systems, and regional development. Consisting of three parts, it provides insights into the locational aspects of firms'activities from a strategic perspective. Part 1 discusses decision-making in the context of location, specifying the motivation for firms to move their factories provided by the corporate tax system. It also presents a case study from East Asia to clarify a mechanism by which firms move factories. Part 2 addresses city systems, offering theoretical clues to understanding why city systems are important to regional economies. It also clarifies from the empirical analysis the relations between city systems and the performances of regional economies.Part 3 investigates the topic of industrial parks, demonstrating how they form a basis for establishing industrial clusters in regional economies. In addition, it examines the economic phases, such as economic disparity, generated in the process of development.

This proceedings volume highlights important points of achieving a balanced and sustained growth path from diverse economics and finance perspectives, touching on a wide array of economic and social analyses in India. Featuring contributions presented at the 2018 International Conference on Economics and Finance (ICEF-2018) held at the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Goa, India, the enclosed papers explore topics such as inflation dynamics, information transmission in post-recession era, leverage effect and volatility asymmetry, structural change and economic growth and reforming tax systems, among others. The Indian economy today is remarkable and, not surprisingly, it is growing very rapidly. It has emerged as the fastest growing major economy in the world as per the Central Statistical Organization (CSO) and International Monetary Fund (IMF) and it is expected to be one of the top three economic powers of the world over the next 10 to15 years, backed by its strong democracy and partnership. At the backdrop of impressive progress of the Indian economy during the last two decades, the question that remains to be answered is does India still have a long way to go before it is functioning well as a market economy? This book critically examines the performance of the Indian economy at the national, state and sectorial levels. Featuring contributions from leading academicians, scholars and practitioners from Asia and the rest of the world, this book is an asset to students, professors, scholars, practitioners and policy makers in the areas of India economics, finance and sustainable development.

The book assesses the development experience by reflecting on a number of aspects, su­­ch as growth in relation to employment, regional imbalances and rural–urban distribution. Further, it examines educational attainment and human capital formation issues in the context of the skill shortages the country is facing, and analyses social inequality, including gender, and evaluates a number of empowerment strategies. Lastly, it critically assesses the effectiveness of health services by examining case studies of on-going sanitation, family planning and reproductive health programmes. Presenting both quantitative and qualitative approaches, the papers utilise rare databases that are usually not available in the public domain to reflect on the country's development experience. The book revisits many development concerns, particularly inclusiveness aspects, through an in-depth analysis. It covers three major areas related to (a) employment, (b) education and skill and (c) social concerns and issues related to health services. The book will be an important resource not only for researchers but also for policy makers and those involved in capacity development in these areas.

State of the art in sustainability thinking, inspired by interdisciplinary ideas of ecological economics. This book is focusing on sustainability pathways, new economic theory, democracy and institutions, multidimensional assessment of sustainability, macroeconomic modelling and policies, climate change and renewable energy, resource flows and circular economy, regenerative cities, environmental conflicts and values. It will be helpful for MSc and PhD students in Economics, Management, Environmental Change, Ecological Economics, Development Economics, Sustainability and practitioners in business, international and nongovernmental organizations. Rich, diverse and thought provoking collection of top level contributions, it will help to facilitate the transition towards sustainability and educational reform. A fabulous composition of papers by the authors who really count! Ernst von Weizsäcker, The Club of Rome The authors present a refreshing perspective on the possibilities of human progress in harmony with nature, without the need for economic growth to secure long term human welfare and wise use of nature's services. Extremely relevant. Peter May, Past President, International Society for Ecological Economics and Professor, UFRRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil The book goes well beyond the Green Economy, offering arguments and blueprints for a complete makeover of the current economic system. With multi- and interdisciplinary contributions ranging from moderately to fundamentally critical of current economics, it raises fundamental questions of value and power, draws on a wide range of theories, opens the eyes for the historical processes that brought about the current crises and demonstrates the value of ecological, but also classical economic thinking to their solution. If better politics require better theories, this is a must read for academics and decision makers in the time of climate crisis. Joachim Spangenberg, Sustainable Europe Research Institute, SERI Germany e.V.

On June 3, 2015, the Greek Parliamentary Budget Office, the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, the Democritus University of Thrace, and the University of Peloponnese sponsored an international conference to address medium- and long-term growth in Greece. This collection presents the strongest papers on the conditions required to revive and maintain economic growth. Leading experts cover almost every major issue identified in the latest literature, from demographic issues and proposals for export strategy to the need for innovation and structural reform. The combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches to assessing present conditions make this ground-breaking collection a valuable resource for a variety of academics, professional economists, and economic policy practitioners planting the seeds of Greece's future.

The world of economics is changing. Years of turmoil in the global economy mean that nothing will ever be quite the same again. This is the starting point and theme of this radically revised Economist books classic, now available for the first time in America. Richard Davies, economics editor of The Economist, takes us on a journey through the paper's own analysis of the state of the world's economies, how we reached this point and what to expect in the next decade. He explores: what's gone wrong since 2008, why it's happened and how we can stop it happening again; the shifting focus of economics from banking to labor economics; the future hopes and challenges for the world economy. Along the way, we encounter the global economy laid bare, from banks, panics, and crashes to innovative new policies to improve how markets function; from discussions around jobs, pay, and inequality to the promise of innovation and productivity; from the implications of emerging markets and the globalization of trade through to the sharing economy and the economics of Google and eBay. The result is a fascinating review of the global economy and the changing role of economics in the new world order.

Both domestic and foreign policy considerations led Eastern European nations in the 1970s to involve their economies more deeply with the West. This increased economic interdependence encompassed trade, technology transfer through industrial cooperation, and international credit. These growing links came as a mixed blessing as Western economic problems – inflation, recession, unemployment, energy – began to affect the economic development and political stability in Eastern Europe.First published in 1981, East–West Relations and the Future of Eastern Europe examines the implications of these problems for East–West relations and the domestic scene in Eastern Europe. The authors analyze the interaction of economic and political forces at three interlocking levels – international, regional, and national. The first part deals with the evolution of East–West political and economic relations in the 1970s and the prospects for the 1980s and considers the implications of developments in East–West relations for Soviet and East European regional, economic, political, and military ties. Thereafter, experts from East and West offer their perspectives on political economic strategies for individual East European countries, in the context of their regional and international relations. This book will be of interest to students of comparative economics, international trade, and international relations.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of Islamic Financial Institutions, exploring current issues, including governance, Shariah compliance frameworks and regulatory aspects, as well as the principles involved in product structuring.It offers a basic understanding of Islamic financial instruments and their implementation in different regions. The book begins by introducing the Islamic financial system, its objectives, the financial intermediation process, the philosophy and methods of mobilization and utilization of funds followed by an overall comparison with the conventional financial system. It offers a definition and explanation of types of riba, sources of prohibition, the difference between riba and profit, types of transactions which involve interest and the adverse effects of interest on the economy. It covers a detailed study of Islamic financial contracts and discusses trade-based financing products, illustrating the structural and legal differences between conventional and trade-based financing products. Further, the book outlines the criteria for the determination of Shariah compliant status of equity securities, and the role and functions of capital markets in an Islamic framework. Finally, it goes on to present an overall model of an Islamic bank in comparison with a conventional bank, examining its methodology and procedures for ensuring shariah compliance, governance and regulation, keeping in view the operating strategies, risk management issues, liquidity requirements and so on.The book will be used by researchers, students and scholars of Islamic Banking and Finance and will also serve as a practical guide for bankers and finance professionals who wish to enhance their knowledge in the field, as well as those embarking on professional training or certification programs.

This book is a machine-generated literature overview that explores the impact of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on international trade and its development. It looks at international trade before and after 1995 when WTO was established. It highlights the journey of the reciprocity-based reforms under WTO that were expected to help the developing and less developed countries (LDCs) more vis-à-vis their developed counterparts, given the existence of systemic and structural bottlenecks in the latter territories. The enabling steps were further expected to promote exports from developing countries and LDCs in line with their comparative advantage patterns, enhance the wage level and in turn, facilitate development of local population. The book showcases how during the first decade after WTO inception, a considerable progress was made for facilitating exports from the lower and lower-middle income countries through crucial provisions like less than full reciprocity (LTFR), Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), support measures under Aid for Trade, zero duty preferences under Special and Differential Treatment (SDT) and so on. However, the pace of WTO reforms has slowed down in the aftermath of the sub-prime crisis in 2008-09 and subsequent focus on formation of regional trade agreements (RTAs). In particular, in the aftermath of Covid-19, a trend towards de-globalization has been noticed, with considerable ramifications for the development of lower-income countries. In this background, there is a need to analyze how the deepening of trade flows and the subsequent de-globalization waves in the global canvas have traversed different paths in different continents and draw the appropriate lessons for the understanding the trade-development interlinkage therein. With insightful observations from the human editors, this machine-generated overview would be of interest to academicians, policy research community, advisory research community, and students ofinternational trade globally.^

This book explores the role of the informal sector at the beginning of the structural transformation of the Indian economy. It highlights the dynamic nature of the informal sector and the crucial role that it played in that transformation. The growth of the informal sector is analysed alongside the decline in agriculture and the growth of industry. Issues such as unemployment, wages, rural-to-rural migration, in addition to rural-to-urban migration, are discussed. The book also considers the role of social factors, including those relating to caste and tribe, in migration decisions. It also highlights the links between migration, the informal sector, and economic growth that are also relevant to other developing countries. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in development economics, development studies, and economic history.

This book bridges the gap between theoretical and empirical understandings of the informal sector to provide insight into the role of the informal sector within the development process. By analysing three economic sectors, it sets out a framework for analysing urbanisation, rural-urban migration, agriculture- industry relationship, income inequality, structural change, employment, and optimal growth. Through highlighting the economic contribution of the informal sector, its impact on the national output and influence on the labour market is shown, alongside how employment opportunities in the informal sector drive rural and urban migration. This book presents a nuanced understanding of the dynamics of the informal sector and its role in the development of economies. It will be of interest to researchers and policymakers working within development economics and growth economics.

This book explores the dynamics of the Chinese labor market, the largest in the world. The sheer scale of rural laborers living in cities is the ultimate engine driving the fastest urbanization the world has ever seen. Today, the country faces a series of new challenges as it tries to address problems of unemployment and under-employment. These include population ageing, automation, the increasing use of AI on the factory floor and other workplaces and Chinese manufacturers'move up the value chain. The book presents an empirically rich and analytically rigorous account of how these challenges might be met. It will be of interest to labor economists, scholars of Chinese manufacturing, and researchers of the Chinese economy.