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In the complex world of finance, understanding the relationship between a company's capital structure and its overall performance is crucial. This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the interdependence between capital structure decisions and business performance, with a specific focus on German-listed companies. It provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of corporate finance.Through a blend of theoretical frameworks, empirical research, and practical applications, the book presents readers with a thorough understanding of how capital structure decisions impact a company's profitability, risk profile, and long-term sustainability. From traditional theories of capital structure to cutting-edge empirical methodologies, the book outlines the latest developments in the field, offering practical tools and strategies for optimising financial decision-making. Moreover, the book explores how different regions and global trends influence capital structure decisions, providing a comprehensive examination of varying practices and the factors that shape them. It delves into specific aspects influencing global capital structures, including an analytical comparison of capital structures across key global markets such as the United States, the European Union, and China. This comparison highlights how economic, cultural, and market dynamics influence corporate leverage decisions. The impact of technological innovations and their role in reshaping financial strategies are also discussed.Designed for scholars, researchers, and advanced students in finance and economics, this book serves as a definitive reference for understanding the complex dynamics of corporate finance. With its rigorous analysis and practical insights, it equips readers with the knowledge and analytical tools needed to navigate the challenges of capital structure decision-making in today's dynamic business environment.

This book presents a representative set of Pierangelo Garegnani's (1930-2011) works on the theory of value and distribution. It features a selection of essays, chosen by Garegnani himself, concerning central aspects of his work: first and foremost, the continuation and development of Piero Sraffa's effort to elaborate an alternative to the dominance of marginalist thought on the theory of value and distribution. Garegnani articulates and extends Sraffa's contribution in two directions: the critique of marginalist theory with respect to the treatment of capital, and the reappraisal of the surplus approach to distribution proper to classical political economy. In turn, these two strands of analysis are combined in Garegnani's project to make the Keynesian principle of effective demand more robust and general by dropping the unnecessary elements of marginalism and linking it to the classical explanation of distribution. This book reveals how Garegnani's contribution has advanced the degree of theoretical elaboration for several issues that fall within the developmental paths of economic analysis opened by Sraffa and Keynes. It begins with a comprehensive introduction in which Garegnani illustrates the conceptual path that links the contributions presented here. The starting point of this intellectual journey is Garegnani's previously unpublished doctoral thesis ‘A Problem in the Theory of Distribution from Ricardo to Wicksell,'prepared at the University of Cambridge under the supervision of Piero Sraffa and Maurice Dobb, which is followed by various essays selected by Garegnani on the critique of marginalist theories, the classical approach to value and distribution, and the role of aggregate demand for the long-run trends of output and capital accumulation. The book is a must-read for all scholars interested in the resumption and development of the classical approach, as well as economic theory in general, and the history of economic thought.

Prominent economists including Nassau Senior, Eugene von Bӧhm-Bawerk, Gustav Cassel, Irving Fisher, Walter Eucken, and Robert Dorfman have recognized or toyed with the idea of waiting as a factor of production, but this concept has not yet been explored in its entirety until now. In this book, Leland B. Yeager and Steve H. Hanke dive into the economic theory behind waiting and contextualize its relevance to modern-day monetary policy. Capital, Interest, and Waiting challenges economists to reconsider capital theory. The arguments presented within the book embrace extant literature on capital theory, including the numerous controversies, puzzles, and debates crowding the subject. These debates range from the Cambridge controversies triggered by Joan Robinson's work to the famous “reswitching” problem to a broader array of important problems in capital theory that were laid out by Walter Eucken, among others. Leland B. Yeager and Steve H. Hanke present, discuss, and resolve these many complexities of capital theory. Chapters break new ground again and again by demonstrating how waiting is a factor of production and interest is its price. Those who read this book will challenge long-held beliefs relevant to monetary economics and reconsider their approach to capital theory.

This book applies finance to the field of capital theory. While financial economics is a well-established field of study, the specific application of finance to capital theory remains unexplored. It is the first book to comprehensively study this financial application, which also includes modern financial tools such as Economic Value Added (EVA®). A financial application to the problem of the average period of production includes two discussions that unfold naturally from this application. The first one relates to the dual meaning of capital, one as a monetary fund and the other one as physical (capital) goods. The second concerns its implications for business-cycle theories. This second topic (1) provides a solid financial microeconomic foundation for business cycles and, also (2) makes it easy to compare different business-cycle theories across the average period of production dimension. By clarifying the obscure concept of average period of production, the authors make it easier to analyze the similarities with and differences from other business-cycle theories. By connecting finance with capital theory, they provide a new point of view and analysis of the long-standing problems in capital theory as well as other related topics such as the use of neoclassical production functions and theorizing about business cycles. Finally, they emphasize that the relevance of their application rests on both its policy implications and its contributions to contemporary economic theory.

Capital structure choice is essential for an institution to maximize its value. Because the institution's decision maker decides how to finance projects before making investment decisions, its financial decisions ultimately affect every aspect of operations thereafter. This book discusses several key theories of corporate capital structure to answer how funding structure shapes an institution's value. In this book, the author emphasizes the microeconomic foundations of capital structure theory. He shows how various microeconomic frameworks, such as price and game theories, principal–agent model, and mechanism design, can be applied to solve the optimal capital structure of a firm. By getting used to optimizing corporate capital structures subject to various constraints via microeconomic frameworks, readers will become capable of investigating how to finance projects in their own setups. Thus, this book not only informs readers of specific knowledge but also provides them with tools to solve new problems that they will face in their future.This book will be a valuable resource for students of corporate finance at the postgraduate or doctoral level and will serve as the material for professional training aimed at practitioners and regulators with technical expertise.

This Palgrave Pivot uses Marxian economic categories and analysis to explore the deeper causes of the 2008 global economic crisis, what the crisis represents for capitalism, and why fiscal and monetary policies pursued in its wake have failed to rejuvenate economies.With an innovative interpretation of the crisis and a focus on'toxic capital'– a sub-division of Karl Marx's concept of fictitious capital – Tombazos examines the specificities of economic reproduction under neoliberalism and financialisation.

This book examines how contemporary financial economy evolved as the predominant economic system, and why unabated accumulation of financial capital takes place in such systems. It reviews the mechanics of accumulation of wealth by tracing the historical roots of financial capital. Traversing the evolutions of capitalist systems since the 1850s till recent times, Financial Economy provides a lucid and logical explanation of the phenomenon. It uses a new methodology based on economic circuit of stocks and flows following the early ideas of the French economists of the 18th century and the contemporary Circuit school. It provides an alternative framework for studying economic systems design, keeping aside the orthodox neoclassical analysis of equilibrium market exchange. Further, it highlights the global financial circuit, the state of the current digitalised economy with electronic money transfers, consumer's decision-making and expected future earnings, and questions the relevance of some fundamental concepts of economics as well as economic policies. Using a notion of sequential economy, it also shows how present economic activities are treading upon the future. This book will interest students and researchers of advanced macroeconomics, political economy, heterodox economics, economic history, and evolutionary economics. The historical account of the evolutions of capital, interest, and corporate structures will also be of interest to general readers.

PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 1. THE MONETARY POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES AFTER THE RECOVERY FROM THE 1920 CRISIS (1925) 2. SOME REMARKS ON THE PROBLEM OF IMPUTATION (1926) 3. ON THE PROBLEM OF THE THEORY OF INTEREST (1927) 4. INTERTEMPORAL PRICE EQUILIBRIUM AND MOVEMENTS IN THE VALUE OF MONEY (1928) 5. THE FATE OF THE GOLD STANDARD (1932) 6. CAPITAL CONSUMPTION (1932) 7. ON'NEUTRAL MONEY'(1933) 8. TECHNICAL PROGRESS AND EXCESS CAPACITY (1936) Two reviews MARGINAL UTILITY AND ECONOMIC CALCULATION (1925) THE EXCHANGE VALUE OF MONEY (1929) NAME INDEX

This ambitious book presents a comprehensive new'macro-monetary'interpretation of Marx's logical method in Capital, based on substantial textual evidence, which emphasises two main points: (1) Marx's theory is primarily a macroeconomic theory of the total surplus-value produced in the economy as a whole; and (2) Marx's theory is a monetary theory from beginning to end and the circuit of money capital – M - C - M'– is the logical framework of Marx's theory. It follows from this'macro-monetary'interpretation that, contrary to the prevailing view, there is no'transformation problem'in Marx's theory; i.e., Marx did not'fail to transform the inputs of constant capital and variable capital'in his theory of prices of production in Part 2 of Volume III.

Produced throughout the first fifteen years of Hayek's career, the writings collected in Capital and Interest see Hayek elaborate upon and extend his landmark lectures that were published as Prices and Production and work toward the technically sophisticated line of thought seen in his later Pure Theory of Capital. Illuminating the development of Hayek's detailed contributions to capital and interest theory, the collection also sheds light on how Hayek's work related to other influential economists of the time. Highlights include the 1936 article “The Mythology of Capital”—presented here alongside Frank Knight's criticisms of the Austrian theory of capital that prompted it—and “The Maintenance of Capital,” with subsequent comments by the English economist A. C. Pigou. These and other familiar works are accompanied by lesser-known articles and lectures, including a lecture on technological progress and excess capacity. An introduction by the book's editor, leading Hayek scholar Lawrence H. White, places Hayek's contributions in careful historical context, with ample footnotes and citations for further reading, making this a touchstone addition to the University of Chicago Press's Collected Works of F. A. Hayek series.

Capital, Accumulation, and Money: An Integration of Capital, Growth, and Monetary Theory is a book about capital. A root concept of capital is developed which allows for most existing concepts of capital to be unified and related to one another in consistent fashion. Such a root concept of capital offers a framework for integrating monetary and capital theory, and for analyzing the functioning of an economy, whether that economy is in a steady state of subsistence or in a process of sustainable growth. Specifically, it is shown that a conservation principle emerges that both implies and imposes a variety of constraints on the macro behavior of an economy, constraints which make for straightforward understanding and analysis of such concepts as the real stock of money, real-balance effects, and the general price level. New and illuminating insights are also provided into aggregate supply and demand, natural and money rates of interest, the relationship between real and monetary economies, and economic growth and development.

En la serie de Documentos de Análisis del Personal Técnico del FMI se presentan los últimos análisis e investigaciones sobre políticas elaborados por miembros del personal técnico del FMI, que se publican para recibir comentarios y fomentar el debate.

Capital, Accumulation, and Money: An Integration of Capital, Growth, and Monetary Theory is a book about capital and money. A root concept of capital is formulated that allows for most existing concepts of capital to be unified and related to one another in consistent fashion. Capital and monetary theory are integrated in a non-mathematical framework that imposes a number of constraints on the macro behavior of an economy, constraints which make for the straightforward understanding of such concepts as the real stock of money, real-balance effects, and the general price level. New and illuminating insights are also provided into aggregate supply and demand, natural and money rates of interest, the relationship between real and monetary economies, and economic growth and development. This fully expanded, revised, and updated edition features important new material on a variety of timely topics, including: • Factors leading to the financial meltdown and turmoil of 2007-09; • Why bubbles form in asset markets and how these impact on the real economy; • The importance of a lender-of-last-resort in times of financial stress; • Future financing and funding of the U. S. Social Security System. Additionally, the author offers a number of ideas for alleviating the severity, if not the avoidance altogether, of financial crises in the future. This is a book for those -- students (both graduate and undergraduate) and their teachers, investors, and the informed public -- who want an understanding of how economies and financial markets function, without an advanced degree in mathematics.

In the words of Robert M. Solow traverse analysis'is the easiest part of skiing, but the hardest part of economics'. The aim of this volume is to assess the state and scope of modern traverse analysis as it had been initiated by John Hicks in his pioneering contribution Capital and Time (1973). The analysis of an economy which originally had been in a growth equilibrium which was disturbed by technical progress is one of the most challenging problems in economics. This book takes Hicks'work as the point of departure for theoretical work on the macroeconomic theory of capital dynamics along transition non-steady state pathsThe original contributions in this volume explore the manifold theoretical roots of traverse analysis in classical and post-classical literature, its features as a specific method of economic dynamics, and its applications in a variety of fields from monetary economics to development and international economics. The essays thereby focus on the ways ahead from Capital and Time that have been suggested and actively pursued by a number of scholars in recent years. Its central theme is the role of capital structures as critical factors in determining the actual dynamics of any given economic system. This volume is inspired by the belief that this state of affairs is not a satisfactory one, and outlines a new agenda for capital theory. Contributors include Edwin Burmeister, Jean-Luc Gaffard and Heinz Kurz.

„Die folgenden Untersuchungen über die Rolle des Kapitals in der Produktion beruhen auf dem Satze von der Mehrergiebigkeit der Produktionsumwege und auf der mit diesem eng verbundenen Lohnfondstheorie […] Ich habe in erster Linie darauf Wert gelegt, von einer verhältnismäßig breiten allgemeinen Grundlage aus in konsequenter Fortführung der den Ausgang bildenden Gedanken die Lehre vom Kapital in eine gesamtwirtschaftliche Betrachtung einzubauen.'Gemäß von Strigls Vorwort wird in diesem Buch, das 1934 erstmalig erschienen ist, der Zusammenhang zwischen Kapital, Preisbildung, Konjunktur, und Produktion umfassend dargestellt.

The Pure Theory of Capital, F. A. Hayek's long-overlooked, little-understood volume, was his most detailed work in economic theory. Originally published in 1941 when fashionable economic thought had shifted to John Maynard Keynes, Hayek's manifesto of capital theory is now available again for today's students and economists to discover. With a new introduction by Hayek expert Lawrence H. White, who firmly situates the book not only in historical and theoretical context but within Hayek's own life and his struggle to complete the manuscript, this edition commemorates the celebrated scholar's last major work in economics. Offering a detailed account of the equilibrium relationships between inputs and outputs in an economy, Hayek's stated objective was to make capital theory—which had previously been devoted almost entirely to the explanation of interest rates—“useful for the analysis of the monetary phenomena of the real world.” His ambitious goal was nothing less than to develop a capital theory that could be fully integrated into the business cycle theory.

The authors present a comprehensive and timely discussion of economic capital and financial risk management for financial services firms and conglomerates. Topics covered include: the different types of risks that firms collect; risk governance issues; how stress testing can be used to measure risk; the provision of a clear and precise definition of economic capital; the different types of capital that are eligible to back regulatory capital, and; the development of models that can be used to estimate a firm's economic capital requirements. A unique feature of the book is that, for the first time, the economic capital requirements of financial services firms across the entire risk spectrum, from the short end to the long end, are considered in one book. The authors develop models to estimate the economic capital requirements of banks, asset management firms, life and non-life insurance firms, pension funds, and the financial services conglomerates that comprise these firms. Economic capital is compared to regulatory capital and regulatory capital arbitrage is discussed. The diversification benefit present in financial services conglomerates is quantified and the practical management of this diversification benefit is dealt with. The authors give new insights into capital management and performance measurement for financial services conglomerates and provide detailed descriptions of the main financial services firm regulatory capital changes that are ongoing at the time of writing. This superb and original book charts new ground in the practical application of economic capital for financial services firms and conglomerates. It is required reading for all capital allocation and risk professionals.