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This book contributes to growing literature on the role of business groups in the development of corporate sector and contains perspectives from the Indian economy. It brings together an array of well-researched papers that provide a comprehensive understanding of evolution and nature of the Indian business groups, as well as various aspects of their functioning. All chapters are primarily empirical, use appropriate quantitative techniques and are strongly grounded in relevant theories. This fine combination of data, techniques and theories is expected to provide the reader with in-depth understanding of the complex structures and behaviour of firms affiliated to business groups. Readers interested in the Indian corporate sector, especially Indian business groups, will find the book useful.

This book provides a thorough understanding of the key policy debates on international trade and investment for development with a focus on the East African Community (EAC) to strengthen Member States'capacity to develop policies to promote their exports'competitiveness and diversification. Beyond Member States', the book serves as a base for a deeper understanding of the challenges, opportunities and requirements of the intra-continental trade agreement which is now in sight with the ratification of the Tripartite (EAC-COMESA-SADC) Free Trade Area that is critical in addressing key constraints to trade in the African continent. Moreover, the lessons from this edited volume may also extend to the challenges and opportunities of the African Continental Free Trade Area. The book brings together a comprehensive overview and an evidence-based analysis that can be considered best practice in the region. The trade and investment policy analysis of constraints and opportunities aims to improve trade and competitiveness and covers macro- (economy-wide), meso- (sectoral) and micro- (firm or household) levels. This multi-level approach is crucial for understanding how current trade and investment policies limit competitiveness and diversification in order to identify more tangible policy action for overcoming such constraints. The individual contributors follow comprehensive applied empirical approaches, and each chapter generates knowledge needed to identify key challenges and opportunities focusing on research-led policy-relevant approaches that enable readers to better understand national, bilateral, and multilateral cooperation as well as policies for sustainable development in East Africa. The contributors know the EAC context very well as their engagement in policymaking goes beyond the context of the papers they are writing about. The individual chapters were developed as part of a research and capacity building programme under the aegis of ACP and EUthat we implemented in 2020-2022. The research project well fits into the Frontiers in African Business Research series as we have many African contributors. The contributions matter to policymakers and academic circles. For students, the book serves as an excellent guide for understanding international trade and investment theories and gaining up-to-date knowledge on developments in the world economy and their effects on developing countries and SDGs. Trade policy researchers and students will be able to extend theories and empirical data to address new and emerging topics beyond the settings already covered in the book.

The Multinational Enterprise and the Emergence of the Global Factory brings together research papers authored by Peter J. Buckley, focusing on three of the most important empirical and theoretical issues in the global economy: the rise of the'global factory'; the growth of FDI from emerging economies; recent developments in the theory of IB.

Volume 24 of Advances in International Marketing, guest-edited by Professors Jean, Chiou and Zou, considers the impact of major trends in external and internal environments of the firm on international marketing. Major themes include: emerging market firms? innovation, technology-enabled marketing innovation, global account management, knowledge sharing in international alliances, internationalization of small and entrepreneurial firms, export marketing channels, global companies and issues of national culture on consumers? Evaluation of MNEs performance and teaching international marketing to students. Papers in part one focus on innovation from emerging markets, including the impact of technological innovation on management innovation in terms of global account management in emerging markets firms and the impact of context on international strategic alliance knowledge transfer and innovation. Part two combines studies with a small- and medium-sized firm perspective and a focus on entrepreneurship. Part 3 looks at export marketing issues, such as sales subsidiaries, foreign channel selection and dependence on export channel co-ordination. Part 4 is devoted to globalization and culture issues, including the dimensions of a global company and the impact of pervasion of national culture on consumers? Evaluation of MNEs performance. Part 5 deals with the effectiveness of alternative teaching methods of international marketing.

Dieses Buch bietet eine eingehende rechtliche und politische Analyse der Vereinbarkeit des westfälischen Staatsmodells mit der Globalisierung und der digitalen Revolution. Es untersucht das Konzept der Demokratie in einer globalisierten Welt, erörtert die Legitimität der wirtschaftlichen Integration in den globalen Markt und präsentiert drei Fallstudien (aus Brasilien, Taiwan und Spanien) über die Auswirkungen sozialer Medien auf Wahlen. Darüber hinaus werden neue Perspektiven zu den Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf nationale Grenzen und auf die Rolle von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern und Expertinnen und Experten bei der Gestaltung der Globalisierung aufgezeigt. Ein abschließendes Kapitel befasst sich mit der Frage, inwieweit die aus den Analysen der oben genannten Aspekte gewonnenen Erkenntnisse bei den Bemühungen um eine Überwindung der aktuellen globalen Gesundheits- und Wirtschaftskrise berücksichtigt werden müssen.

This forward-thinking book explores global leadership and the complexities inherent in its practice. Conceptual knowledge, learning tools and reflective exercises stimulate the reader to delve into self-development and to recognize how to develop competencies that lead to global collaboration. The book also illustrates specific practices that address the challenges of diversity, equity and inclusion and provides reflections on the role of global leaders in guiding and advancing sustainability transformation.Special Features:Rich material to stimulate reflection and activities for leadership developmentCase studies with in-depth cross-cultural analysis spanning multiple continentsInterpretive and critical leadership analyses and approaches beyond mainstream leadership theoriesSupports present and future global leaders in acquiring the competencies needed to act in an effective, responsible and sustainable wayGlobal Leadership Practices is imperative for graduate students of international business and management, leadership and business economics. Due to its practical insights that aid navigation through complex leadership challenges, this book is also a vital resource for leaders and practitioners working in global environments.

Since the Tsinghua PBCSF Chief Economists Forum's inception in 2019, the 2023 forum, adhering to the traditions of previous sessions, with combining online and offline innovation formats, conducted an in-depth analysis of many key issues in the current macro-economy from the perspective of the chief economists, with a focus on the future of China and global economy from all angles. It has become the largest and highest-level economic forum in China. 20 chief economists and leading scholars from prestigious institutions attended the forum, engaging in in-depth discussions on the reform of the global economic order amidst financial turbulence. They conducted forward-looking analyses of both the Chinese and world financial markets, with the aim of exploring solutions to the issue of economic growth worldwide. 5 million viewers tuned in online. Through our projects, China's foremost economic experts share their insights with the world, generating innumerable originaland highly professional economic analyses. The themes addressed in our forum span the globe and will have a long-lasting impact. Embracing diversity, we aim to provide an array of perspectives on the direction of global economic development, promote informed decision-making, and bridge the communication gap between China and the rest of the world on economic matters, in a book of interest to scholars, economists and China watchers. Jiandong JU is the Unigroup Chair Professor at PBC School of Finance in Tsinghua University, Director of Center for International Finance and Economics Research, PBC School of Finance, Tsinghua University.

This book reviews China's strategic pathway over the last 1000 years and considers its prospects for ascending to high-income status by the end of the 21st century. It analyzes why, although China's chances of joining the global core are sound, they are not outstanding; in addition, it faces mounting challenges, internal and external alike. The argument is presented in the framework of dynamic-strategy theory, which is expounded here in novel form. This exposition includes a wide ranging survey of global history, with a focus on the development of the industrialisation paths of the major economies of today, including a detailed study of Japan's long-run strategic pathway. The book's closing section presents a scenario-based discussion of China's potential place in the world in 2100. The analysis implies that China's zenith is likely to be reached slightly before mid-century, after which its relative economic scale will likely decline. Beyond that generalfinding, the scenarios investigate the wide range of plausible outcomes that China may experience: a range that the author contends is much wider for China than for nations under-pinned by less complex political-economies. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scholars of history, economics, geopolitics and sinology, and to anyone interested in learning about China's economic prospects at a time of increasingly heated ideological and empirical debates.

Globalization: A Key Idea for Business and Society analyzes today's process of global integration. Globalization is seen as a complex phenomenon, the drivers of which are of a technological, institutional, cultural and, not least, political nature.The book includes a historical analysis of the rise, and fall, of the “first globalization” wave which took place between the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the Great War. The chapters focus on the measurement of the global integration process, on the in-depth analysis of the above mentioned “drivers”, and on some of the actors playing a relevant role in the process itself – multinational companies and governments as owners of global companies. The conclusion of the book provides a perspective on the current “globalization backlash”, its determinants and possible future alternative scenarios.This book is an ideal resource for students and practitioners interested in past, present and future globalization.

This book aims to investigate the global value chain (GVC) from a viewpoint of industrial development and examine how GVC participation, upgrading, and connectivity have affected structural transformation in developing economies. It first reviews the indexes to measure progresses in GVC participation and upgrading. Then it examines factors affecting these progresses, using original measures of connectivity, which are computed based on the complex network theory. Another distinguished feature of the study is its in-depth analyses on the relationship between economic development and GVC participation based on the hypothesis of nonlinear relationship which is drawn from authors past studies on Asian economies. Major findings include (1) inverted-U shaped relationship between backward participation and income levels, (2) U shaped relationship between forward participation and income level, (3) marginal but significant impacts of maritime and aviation connectivity on GVC participation, (4) significant and different roles of basic and advanced education on the upgrading in GVCs, and (5) the importance of technological intensities in export in sustaining economic growth.

To fill in the gap in theoretical and empirical aspects in the existing international management literature, the book covers a broad variety of issues relating to the challenges facing companies after the recent worldwide crises of financial, sanitary, and geopolitical nature. The book offers an overview of these challenges along three axes: the challenges related to the processes of adapting to the international environment, the challenges affecting the actors of internationalization, and finally the challenges related to the specifics of the international context.The book aims to offer a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical and practical attributes related to the adaptation processes in international business, the cultural evolutions of actors, and the changes in the international environment. It also seeks to help managers and scholars alike to better understand the new challenges in diverse aspects pertaining to international management.To cover these issues, the book addresses topics, which up till now have not been investigated in depth or have not been researched at all. It includes both theoretical and managerial viewpoints and various international examples.

This book explores the global development of the production and trade of silk and related industries from a historical perspective. From the sixteenth to the twentieth century, it takes long-term movements and global dynamics into account. Covering a wide geographical area, including East-Asia, Northern and Southern Europe, and North-America, the respective contributions examine economic activities related to silk production, silk processing, trading and consumption of silk and silk fabrics, while also highlighting diverse paths of industrialization and economic development. The book is divided into three parts, the first of which features contributions on silk markets and trade, covering topics such as auction sales and Sino-European trade. The second part addresses issues of work organization, institutional developments and the gendered division of labour, discussing topics such as systems of home-based and factory production and the organization of quality control. In turn, the third part highlights technological innovations and knowledge transfer. This book appeals to scholars and students of economic history who are interested in a better understanding of the key features and patterns in the development of the silk industry and trade and, more widely, in the global economic history of the early modern and modern periods.

The purpose of this book is to highlight how current successful Japanese multinational enterprises (MNEs) and companies have changed their business or business models in the past three decades. Japanese MNEs received a lot of attention from academia and industry during the 1980s and the early 1990s, and their factors for success have been compared with those of Western MNEs. Unfortunately, following the collapse of the “bubble economy” in the early 1990s, international business researchers and practitioners'attention has turned away from Japan and its MNEs to emerging markets, notably the rapidly growing China.Japanese MNEs have faced the mature domestic economy and also have had to overcome many new challenges in the twenty-first century, such as rapid aging, depopulation, and response to new technologies. Japanese MNEs and companies today are being forced to respond to new business environments never seen in the past. The prerequisites for business activities have significantly changed from those of former Japanese companies and their management practices. Even in such a difficult situation, however, many Japanese MNEs and emerging companies have achieved steady growth and have succeeded by changing their business models. This book provides the reader with new directions for research and lessons by analyzing the challenges of Japanese multinational enterprises and emerging companies. The redirection of attention is expected to have a positive impact on the field of international business study and practice.

This book critically discusses the historical backgrounds and new developments of the theories of games, decisions, and markets, with many possible applications to social and economic problems. Consisting of three connected parts, the book sheds new light on the role of merchants in the market economy under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Part I begins with the question of why and how John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern did joint work in game theory, namely, the theoretical study of strategic interactions among several decision makers. The duel between Sherlock Holmes and Professor Moriarty in Conan Doyle's famous detective story is recalled as a great inducement to Neumann and Morgenstern to invent zero-sum, two-person games. More general non-zero-sum games and associated Nash solutions are then discussed in relation to the generation-gap problem between a young couple and an elderly couple. Part II explores a set of very fundamental problems of individual decision making. Thetwo famous axioms of revealed preference ― Samuelson's weak axiom and Houthakker's axiom ― are skillfully connected and empirically reevaluated by the introduction of certain regularity conditions. The revealed preference approach is then extended from the original commodity space to the dual price space. Such dual treatment in microeconomics is further applied to the theory of cost and production, with the decomposition of the total factor price effect into the substitution and scale effects. Part III turns the reader's attention to the interdependence of several markets. The almost forgotten Hicks–Morishima approach is newly revived with graphical illustrations of traded goods. The well-known Jones–Kemp approach to international trade is boldly expanded into the world of risk and uncertainty. Some striking results in comparative static analysis are derived, with favorable implications for the real world.

This is the first book that provides a comprehensive inter-regional comparison of Asian and European multinationals from large (China and Russia) and medium-sized (Taiwan) emerging markets. Utilizing novel findings of the top-notch theoretical research on internationalization of emerging market multinational enterprises, the book shows selected empirical evidence that some emerging multinationals from the respective countries have successfully nurtured their competitive advantages by an effective synthesis of both globalization and domestic market benefits. Multinational enterprises from emerging markets have become an essential part of the world economy in the twenty-first century. The book introduces distinctive examples of emerging market multinationals from Asia and Europe that are no longer simple suppliers to the world-famous brand firms from developed countries. The book is a rarity in that it attempts to link the micro-analysis of specific features and strategies of emerging multinationals with the macro-analysis of foreign direct investment and global value chain participation of the respective countries. The book is valuable for both scholars and students in the fields of international business, international economics, and international political economy as well as for businesspeople aiming to enhance their understanding of the heterogeneity and complexity of multinationals from emerging markets.

This book is concerned with the varying responses of South American countries to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Since Beijing launched the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013, 3/4 of countries in the world have engaged with China's arrangement of promoting global physical and digital connectivity. This still leaves a quarter of them that have refused China's offer so far or withdrawn. How do we account for why countries chose to join the BRI while others do not? Research on South American countries'responses to the BRI is scant, but the topic is pertinent. While the great-power competition and systemic rivalry have spoiled the appetite of European countries to intensify their ties with China, many developing countries seem to be rather interested. This book will interest scholars of international political economy, geopolitics, foreign policy and international development.

Dieses Buch bewertet afrikanische Sonderwirtschaftszonen aus einer Perspektive der Lehren und Erfahrungen, die China mit solchen Zonen gemacht hat, deren Auswirkungen auf die chinesische Politik und auf Investitionen.Unter Verwendung von Fallstudien über als erfolgreich wahrgenommene Sonderwirtschaftszonen in China, wird das chinesische Modell dieser Zonen als Bewertungs- und Benchmarking-Instrument vorgeschlagen, mit dem afrikanische Sonderwirtschaftszonen verglichen werden.Anhand mehrerer Fallstudien zu afrikanischen Sonderwirtschaftszonen wird im Buch die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit dieser mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Anwerbung chinesischer Investoren für diese Zonen untersucht. Die wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und ökologischen Auswirkungen dieser Zonen werden bewertet. Die Bemühungen afrikanischer Staaten erfolgreiche Sonderwirtschaftszonen zu ermöglichen oder dies nicht zu tun, werden kritisch analysiert.Schließlich werden die Sonderwirtschaftszonen in Afrika mit dem chinesischen Modell verglichen, und es wird ein afrikanisches Modell für Sonderwirtschaftszonen vorgeschlagen. Es werden Empfehlungen an die Führung der afrikanischen Staaten sowie an chinesische Entscheidungsträger und Investoren gegeben, wie diese Zonen verbessert werden können, um die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu steigern und die Ziele der nachhaltigen Entwicklung der Zonen zu erreichen. Bryan Robinson ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter und Senior Lecturer an der Nelson Mandela University Business School, Port Elizabeth, Südafrika.Dieses Buch stellt die Übersetzung einer englischsprachigen Originalausgabedar. Die Übersetzung wurde mit Hilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz erstellt (maschinelle Übersetzung mit DeepL.com). Eine anschließende manuelle Überarbeitung erfolgte vor allem nach inhaltlichen Gesichtspunkten, so dass sich das Buch stilistisch von einer herkömmlichen Übersetzung abweicht.

Dieses Buch untersucht die bilateralen Beziehungen zwischen Brasilien und China in den Bereichen moderne Geschichte, Umwelt, Wirtschaft und aktuelle brasilianische Politik. In dem Maße, in dem China zum größten Handelspartner Brasiliens geworden ist, der Rohstoffe importiert und Produkte exportiert, und zu einem wichtigen Investor im Land, wurde die soziale Struktur Brasiliens auf den Kopf gestellt, traditionelle Hierarchien wurden erschüttert und neue geschaffen - in der Agrarindustrie, in der Industrie, in der Diplomatie des Klimawandels im Amazonasgebiet und nicht zuletzt in den traditionellen Beziehungen Brasiliens zu den Vereinigten Staaten. In diesem prägnanten Text untersucht einer der führenden brasilianischen Politikwissenschaftler, wie China, der'Faktor X'der internationalen Beziehungen, die Politik eines Landes verändern kann; er wird für Wirtschaftswissenschaftler, Geopolitiker, Wissenschaftler der chinesischen Belt and Road Initiative und der lateinamerikanischen Politik von Interesse sein.

Globalisation has created many opportunities for economic development, but it is also associated with rising income inequality and poverty. International crises such as the international financial and economic crisis of 2008, and more recently the global health pandemic, have led to a rise in unemployment and income losses for workers and a surge in the violation of workers'rights.At global level intergovernmental organisations including the World Bank and the IMF are influential actors and policy makers which promote the UN Sustainable Development Goals. However, the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) have been criticised for their internal political power imbalances and macroeconomic policy prescriptions based on neo-liberal principles. The Global Unions and their affiliates as well as the International Labour Organisation (ILO) regularly comment on the negative impact of the IFI's policies in regard to labour flexibilisation and the privatisation of public and social services. In 2002 a formalised dialogue was established between the Global Unions and the IFIs which addresses labour, social and environmental issues. This dialogue takes place at three levels: the country level, the sector level, and the headquarters level. The ILO maintains its own dialogue with the IFIs, but it also participates at the headquarters-level dialogue between the Global Unions and the IFIs.Employment Relations and Global Governance focuses on the headquarters-level dialogue which can be considered as a strategic instrument that helps the Global Unions and their affiliates to exercise influence over the policies of the IFIs, especially those policies which concern workers. The book describes and analyses the development of the dialogue since its establishment with a particular focus on factors which promote and hinder the dialogue.The book provides important insights into the real-world functioning of the institutions of economic global governance and its broader impact on the world of work. It is likely to be key reading for academics, researchers and students studying global employment relations, political economy, and international organisations. It will also be of interest to international and national trade unions, non-governmental organisations, and policy makers.

This book highlights the latest research on responsible business and its practical implications for the economy, society, academia, and politics. It presents selected contributions from respected scholars and experts who have conducted international research on corporate social responsibility, sustainability, ethics, corporate governance, finance, and responsible investing. The book examines the spreading and enhancement of CSR and sustainability at the micro, meso, and macro levels, especially in light of their increased relevance following the recent pandemic. Taken together, the results of the empirically and theoretically based contributions offer a unique and multi-faceted perspective on current global trends and expected developments in this area. They cover a wide range of contexts and situations, helping readers expand their knowledge and drive effective change to tap their organizations'full potential.

This book explores the issues around small business and entrepreneurial activities in Africa within the context of frequent collapse of businesses, seizures by governments, lack of access to capital and raw materials as well as the reliance on the informal sector. All these issues, the Editors argue, have been exacerbated by the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, entrepreneurship must be at the heart of efforts to transform Africa's economic prospects to ensure sustained economic growth and decent work for all. In looking at the development of entrepreneurship for Africa's growth, contributors to this edited collection take an evolutionary approach by focusing on entrepreneurial intentions (where entrepreneurial ideas are formed), customer management (which is central to all entrepreneurial business success) and by also focusing on local and entrepreneurial business development. The book then ends with a discussion around technological innovations in small business development in Africa. Covering topics such as social entrepreneurship, international joint ventures and the impact of digital platforms, this conceptual path provides rich contemporary insights for students, researchers, and policy makers and contributes to the achievement of SDG 8 targets.

To compete effectively today and remain sustainable over the long term, business organizations must create flexible means of generating competitive advantage given the hypercompetitive nature of the global marketplace in all industries including tourism. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the situation, thus requiring the tourism industry to reassess itself and realign operations with global and local realities. The Handbook of Research on Sustainable Tourism and Hotel Operations in Global Hypercompetition examines various aspects of the hospitality, recreation, and tourism industries. It contributes empirical research, theoretical development, and current best practices to the field. Covering topics such as sustainable medical tourism, technology acceptance model, and cultural tourism, this major reference work is an essential resource for community leaders, business executives and managers, government officials, librarians, students and faculty of higher education, researchers, and academicians.

The rise of China poses a significant challenge to the existing, Western-dominated world economic order. The effectiveness of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is contingent on a smooth transition of the world's economic center toward the Asia-Pacific Region. For Western investors, the vast market opportunities can be tempting. However, the lack of experience and knowledge of international management in China – a country with radically different business rules and cultural background – poses a substantial risk. This book provides comprehensive insights into the fast-changing business world in China. Based on the authors'theoretical knowledge and invaluable years of practical experience, it discusses the various options for doing business in China, with current examples that demonstrate how European SMEs can successfully position themselves between multinational companies and local competitors. It also highlights new opportunities arising from China's international involvement (New Silk Road, RCEP) and addresses risk management for European SMEs operating in China. Moreover, it sheds light on how to form relationships of mutual trust between Chinese policymakers and their advisors/cooperation partners from abroad. Readers with an interest in doing business in China will find this book particularly valuable.

Dieses Buch konzentriert sich auf die aktuellen Spannungen zwischen China und den USA im Zusammenhang mit dem Handelsungleichgewicht und erörtert Chinas Öffnungsstrategie im Kontext dieses Handelskonflikts. Das Buch gliedert sich in zwei Teile. Im ersten Teil legt der Autor eine detaillierte Analyse des aktuellen Stands der Handelsbeziehungen zwischen China und den USA vor und beschreibt die möglichen Auswirkungen von Handelskonflikten zwischen China und den USA. Zu den in diesem Teil behandelten Themen gehören die Neuschätzung des US-Handelsdefizits mit China, Chinas Status als Nicht-Marktwirtschaft, die Auswirkungen der bilateralen Investitionsabkommen zwischen China und den USA auf Chinas verarbeitende Industrie sowie die geschätzten Wohlfahrtsverluste und -gewinne, die sich aus dem Handelskrieg zwischen China und den USA ergeben. Teil II untersucht Chinas mögliche Reaktion und Entwicklungsstrategie im Kontext der De-Globalisierung. Ausgehend von einem Überblick über die drei Phasen der chinesischen Wirtschaftsreform und Öffnungspolitik in den vergangenen vier Jahrzehnten erörtert der Autor die künftigen Aufgaben, die das Land in eine neue Phase der umfassenden Öffnung führen würden. Schließlich wird in dem Buch die Rolle der Handelsabwicklung, der Handelsliberalisierung und der Unternehmensleistung bei der Förderung von Chinas wundersamem Wirtschaftswachstum umfassend untersucht, um ein besseres Verständnis von Chinas Erfahrungen mit der Öffnung in den letzten vier Jahrzehnten zu fördern.

This book explores in detail how African countries dealt with the pandemic and how it affected different aspects of different economies and social structures. Observing how human beings change the environment and, specifically, how population growth and urbanization negatively impact nature, recently shocked economies and social upheaval in Africa indicate a crossroads moment for the continent. The book further adds to the knowledge base of how to build a more robust Africa with sustainable solutions working in tandem with vibrant and robust economies. Commonsense social strategies go hand in hand with trackable shocked economies via first- and second-moment reactions. Uncertainty shocks, in this case, interrelate via an umbrella effect. The authors evaluate theories of impact shocks using a sustainable growth and change model. Finally, key topics incorporate new urban thinking for economic recovery, developing sustainable economies post-COVID-19, understanding social practices during a crisis, and developing community robustness via shock events. The book integrates an interdisciplinary approach to understanding how to best mitigate the COVID-19 crisis as well as reduce future shocks to the African continent. It raises vital questions connecting the effects of lockdown measures, crisis causation, and shock impacts most countries faced over the last two-year period. The answers to these questions are not limited to economists and sociologists, instead, they magnify to include policymakers and everyday people. The nature of this book is to help piece together solutions for preparedness, a stronger understanding of sound development, and a united and resilient Pan-Africanism to best handle future shock events.

In letzter Zeit hat die Öffentlichkeit Bedenken hinsichtlich der Auswirkungen multinationaler Unternehmen aus Schwellenländern geäußert. Die Expansion chinesischer multinationaler Unternehmen nach Europa und die Belt and Road Initiative ist ein prominentes Beispiel, das Hoffnung geweckt hat, aber auch das Bewusstsein für die langfristigen Auswirkungen geschärft hat. Auf der Grundlage einer systematischen Analyse von Internationalisierungstheorien, der Rolle ausländischer Direktinvestitionen und multinationaler Unternehmen in Verbindung mit eingehender empirischer Forschung anhand von Fallstudien in der Türkei, Russland, Lateinamerika, Asien und Europa befasst sich dieser aktuelle Sammelband mit den Chancen und Bedenken im Zusammenhang mit diesem neuen Trend. Darüber hinaus liefert er neue Erkenntnisse, die für Wissenschaftler, politische Entscheidungsträger, regionale Wirtschaftsagenturen und Studenten sowie für die breite Öffentlichkeit von großer Bedeutung sind. Durch die Konzentration auf die (potenziellen) Auswirkungen der Expansion multinationaler Unternehmen aus Schwellenländern auf Europa und die Einbeziehung einer langfristigen Perspektive bietet das Buch eine neue Sichtweise auf ein äußerst kontroverses Thema.

This book brings a much-needed re-examination of the concepts of social fairness and justice in light of the COVID-19 crisis. Through careful analysis of issues as diverse as the allocation of vaccines through the global system COVAX, women and gender, migrants and refugees, the environment, and social justice, the authors bring novel perspectives on openness, freedom, and well-being. This ambitious collection combines political, economic, historical, philosophical, and cultural analyses to examine whether it is possible to envision a “fair society” after the global COVID-19 pandemic.

This book, authored by the head of the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai during the US-China trade war, is a sobering look at the realities of the intermeshed nature of the Chinese and American economies at a time of increasing political tension. Foreign companies are caught in the middle between compliance with US laws and policies versus doing what's required to have support in China and access to the world's largest growth market. Opportunities still exist, but this is a dangerous and complicated time. This book will be of interest to professionals, economists, and scholars of US-China relations.

This textbook deals with the progressive global dissolution of political, economic, and social boundaries, which has significant implications for labor markets, the international division of labor, social security, and income distribution. Politically, it is eroding the sovereign ability of nation-states to shape their own affairs; socially, it conjures up the specter of an increasingly global culture of unity. Against the background of the empirical effects of globalization processes in a number of areas, the book discusses to what extent these fears are justified, whether they cannot also be explained by other developments, and whether the benefits of globalization justify the costs and risks resulting from it.

International cartels are powerful organizations that impact our everyday lives, although they are little known. This book presents 15 historical case studies of international cartels that include agricultural and mineral commodities, the machinery industry, telephone equipment, whiskey and cement. These cases reveal that international cartels manipulated prices and shared markets over many decades but that their real impact was far wider. The global convergence towards criminalizing serious cartel conduct has seen a revival in historical research on cartels and competition policy. The regulation of anti-competitive behaviour has changed over time. To understand why the US, European and other modern economies altered their policies through the 20th century, it is critical to understand when, how and why governments have interacted with, and been influenced by, business organizations such as cartels. This volume draws together researchers from different nations to examine the impact of international cartels on the experience of individual nations, those nations'interactions with one or more international cartels, and ultimately the interactions of individual nations with the wider international community.This book will be of interest to researchers, academics and advanced students in the fields of business and economic history, political economy, and government policy, as well as those interested in cartels and their impact on the wider economy.

This book discusses the aspects of global competition in terms of the strategies that could be applied to improve the competitive position of businesses and consolidate gains particularly in the Thai market. The book is composed of 10 chapters focusing on topics related to business strategy, such as competition, marketing, innovation, utilizing information, technology, human resources, strategic alliances, customer service, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of strategies, and corporate social responsibility. This book will serve as a useful guide for those already in business in Thailand as well as for businesses that hope to expand their existing operations in Thailand to the global market.

The book reviews globalisation by identifying causes behind the discontent it has produced in recent years. It variously engages in economics, political economy, development and policy discourses to study experiences of countries and institutions in managing and adjusting to globalisation. Extending the analysis to latest global developments, including the remarkable advance of technology and digitalisation, and political and economic upheavals caused by COVID19, the book collects varied academic perspectives and reflects on the present as well as future. Comprising chapters written by distinguished academics and policy experts, the book is a rare collection of cross-disciplinary objective evaluations of globalisation.

Competitive strategies and higher education-industry collaboration policies are playing an important role in fostering the reputation and international rankings of higher education institutions. The positive impact of these policies may best be observed in economic and social outputs of many countries such as the USA, Singapore, South Korea, EU countries, and Turkey. However, the number of academic publications that specifically concentrate on the impact of these policies on higher education institutions and authorities remains relatively limited. Digital Transformation and Internationalization Strategies in Organizations covers a wide range of issues and topics, including employment systems, quality management systems, international ranking systems in higher education, education and language policies in higher education, and business models employed in techno-parks. This book helps higher education institutions manage their manpower and become cognizant of the factors that may exert a drastic impact on their success. It is ideal for managers, executives, IT consultants, researchers, practitioners, academics, professors, and undergraduate and postgraduate students.

This book presents a post-COVID glimpse at how top Chinese policymakers and intellectuals understand China's future in global international relations, reviewing the global economy, China's economy, society and diplomacy, and the international situation. Ten researchers review China's diplomacy and give their outlooks in the book. Topics discussed include: the new round of technological revolution and Industrial Revolution, the role of WTO in developing countries, the ups and downs of the Sino-US and Sino-American rivalry, the functioning of the UN General Assembly from a Chinese perspective, China's role in restoring the world after COVID-19 pandemic, and the Beijing-led Belt and Road Initiative. This book will be of interest to development economists, scholars of politics and international relations, and scholars of comparative politics.

This book provides answers to fundamental questions of sustainable development and international cooperation in light of irreversible globalization. Based on comprehensive research and a wealth of experience from his own political activities, the author offers an insightful analysis of the globalized economy and its political, cultural and ecological context. Presenting an objective assessment, the author diagnoses the state of affairs and formulates recipes to overcome present day challenges, such as income inequalities, climate change, demographic imbalance and the new Cold War, which overlap with the “black trinity”: populism, nationalism and authoritarianism.'Grzegorz Kolodko is one of the most acute observers of the international economy, based on long experience both as a practitioner and as an academic. His writings are always an important starting point for debate and discussion about the political economy of globalization.'Francis Fukuyama, Stanford University, author of “The End of History”'Grzegorz Kolodko unites deep policy experience, a vast breadth of observation and a solid grip on real-world economics in his case for a new pragmatism. For all involved in the causes of peace, justice, shared prosperity and public purpose, he is a leader and an ally.'James K. Galbraith, The University of Texas at Austin'Dr. Kolodko delivers comprehensive and inspiring economic analysis, drawing on his rich historical political leadership. His probing and insightful assessment of globalization in today's and tomorrow's world is a must read.'Rev. Jesse L. Jackson, President of Rainbow Coalition and International Civil Rights Activist

The China Question: Contestations and Adaptations provides fresh perspectives on, and empirics about, China's international relations through the lens of the local and regional configurations and developments around the world. While China's foreign policy strategies have received much attention, and in particular the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the local contestations and/or adaptations that China provokes in the countries and regions it engages remain under-researched. In this book, a global collection of scholars examines how countries, societies, and individuals around the world are responding to China‘s rise.

“Hidden Champions” are medium-sized, unknown companies with annual revenues under $5 billion that have quietly, under the radar, become world market leaders in their respective industries. In this new instalment to his worldwide bestselling Hidden Champions volumes, Hermann Simon takes readers on in-depth exploration of the ever changing operating conditions and the greater uncertainty and volatility that defines the global business sphere over the next ten years. In particular, in this book he focuses on China's continued impact on the business world since its rise in the global business and economic sphere over recent decades. In this regard, Dr. Simon shows the reader how the current status evolved, and then offers concrete and actionable recommendations. New driving forces such as digitalization, business ecosystems and sustainability receive special attention. While the main focus is on companies in German-speaking countries as they comprise 56 percent of the world's Hidden Champions, the success factors mentioned in this book can be applied globally to mid-sized companies in other regions as they strive to become global market leaders. Whether a company is a “Hidden Champion”, aspires to be one, or wants to emulate their success model, Dr. Simon's new book provides essential food for thought as executives and managers chart their course into the future.

This volume presents a broad sweep of modern economic history underpinning aid, trade, development and globalization in the last half century and the salient challenges facing the global community today. The author draws on his long years as an academic and development practitioner to recommend what needs to be done to cope with the backsliding of the fight against global poverty, fractured geopolitics and the threats to the multilateral economic order. The new, revised edition analyses how unilateralism, rising protectionism and the Covid-19 pandemic seriously threaten global sustainable development. It concludes with recommendations on the policy changes needed to make globalization more equitable and development more sustainable. This book will be of interest to researchers and students of economic development and economic history, as well as all those concerned about global inequality and sustainability.

​This book collects essays from Chinese economic sage who was the mastermind of the reform and opening and persistent champion of market-driven development. In the essays, he outlines his vision of the systemic reform needed for today's China, from rule of law to completion of the market system and reform of state-owned enterprises. Dr. Wu's thoughts are always of interest, but at this pivotal moment of Chinese economic recalibration, his views will be of more value than ever, to scholars, economists, journalists, and those in civil society.

The book presents a comprehensive and incisive analysis of Structural transformation which is among the most relevant and crucial themes of contemporary economics. Structural transformation is the edifice that is the basis of the next phase of economic transformation. The book demonstrates that structural transformation cannot be shoe horned into a single point formula, it is not merely about achieving a double-digit growth rate, nor it is achieved by an overarching emphasis on rapid technological advancement. Based on empirical evidence pertinent to developed and developing nations and present imperatives the book provides a comprehensive elucidation that structural transformation will be profoundly determined by the empirics of investment, Innovation and Institutions.

This book focuses on the development and trends of Chinese local luxury industry in the digital era, which brings a new round of manufacturing transformation and upgrading, as well as development opportunities. It reveals the connotation and mechanism of the new local luxury brands in China step by step by answering the questions of'what, why and how'. Through the analysis of 200 + questionnaires by SPSS statistical tools and case study, the book concludes the internal mechanism and theoretical support for China to cultivate new local luxury brands. It presents an overview on the current China's local luxury industry.

The last four years have seen significant damage in US-China relations that will take years to rebuild. Early signs within the Biden Administration indicate that an expeditious return to strong Sino-US ties is premature at best. To fully address these challenges and regain credibility both at home and abroad, the Biden team will need to recalibrate a new set of values, objectives, and thinking in redefining the most important bilateral relationship in the world. This edited book volume seeks to reimagine US-China relations, provide innovative policy analysis, and utilizes a truly multidisciplinary approach coupled with both first and second-hand quantitative data, infographics, geopolitical analysis, and perspectives from leading experts. More importantly, this book project provides a nuanced perspective highlighting the central issues that will define America and China both now and well into the future. Whether you are a policy-maker, business professional, academic, established practitioner, or a casual observer, this impressive volume provides exceptional insight on issues like technology, trade, cross-Strait relations, security & alliances in East Asia, geopolitics, climate change, and much more.

This book focuses on the market issues facing Asian industrialization and the possibility, feasibility, and sustainability of China integrating the Asian economics. How China's rise affects Asian market and the economic relation between China and other Asian economies? The book looks into this issue from market and regional perspectives and concludes that: Asian industrialization including China makes the unified regional market as the common goal of Asian economies; the integration of Asian markets is also a key strategy for China in the next 5-10 years; China may become a major player or even a leader in integrating regional markets; however, it will be a longtime process depending on China's economic strength in the future.

Country risk has been a key notion for economists, financiers, and investors. Norbert Gaillard defines this notion as “any macroeconomic, microeconomic, financial, social, political, institutional, judiciary, climatic, technological, or sanitary risk that affects (or could affect) an investor in a foreign country. Damages may materialize in several ways: financial losses; threat to the safety of the investing company's employees, clients, or consumers; reputational damage; or loss of a market or supply source.”Chapter 1 introduces the key concepts. Chapter 2 investigates how country risk has evolved and manifested since the advent of the Pax Britannica in 1816. It describes the international political and economic environment and identifies the main obstacles to foreign investment. Chapter 3 documents the numerous forms that country risk may take and provides illustrations of them. Seven broad components of country risk are scrutinized in turn: international political risks; domestic political and institutional risks; jurisdiction risks; macroeconomic risks; microeconomic risks; sanitary, health, industrial, and environmental risks; and natural and climate risks. Chapter 4 focuses on sovereign risk. It presents the rating methodologies used by four raters; next, it measures and compares their performance (i.e., their ability to forecast sovereign defaults). Chapter 5 studies the risks likely to affect exporters, importers, foreign creditors of corporate entities, foreign shareholders, and foreign direct investors. It presents the rating methodologies used by seven raters and measures their track records in terms of anticipating eight types of shocks that reflect the main components of country risk analyzed in Chapter 3.This book will be most relevant to graduate students in economics as well as professional economists and international investors.

This book examines India-China relations throughout history as well as in the context of current business cooperation and competition. It also explores geo-political and societal factors, such as religion or class models, that influence and shape bilateral relations, and provides thorough analyses and comparisons of networks between the two countries. This book will appeal to researchers and graduate students interested in India-China relations as well as Chinese and Indian business ties.

This book illustrates the current state of China's economic and trade relations from the perspective from different countries in the Xi Jinping era. The content is divided into five parts, the first of which traces the development of the Chinese economy starting with the reforms of the 1980s. The second part notes some distinctive elements of China's positioning in the global economy, while the third describes the state of relations between the United States and China under the Trump presidency. The fourth part focuses on diplomatic and economic equilibria in East Asia, Central and Southern Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America. In turn, the last part addresses relations between China and various European countries. Given its scope, the book is a must-read for economists, policymakers and professionals from around the globe, interested in a better understanding of China's economic prospects in the Xi Jinping era.

This book summarizes the evolution of modern macroeconomics (New Consensus Macroeconomics, NCM) and proposes a new approach to theoretical and empirical analysis, which is based on a recently developed dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model. Dynamic macroeconomic analysis in emerging market economies is challenging, and of growing importance in the global economy, where emerging markets are becoming more and more influential. Clearly, a deeper understanding of the inner workings of emerging economies, particularly with respect to their socioeconomic structure and the urbanization process, is needed. The book's extends the NCM/DSGE model to better account for significant economic and social features in emerging market economies. In particular, household heterogeneities and social stratification are explicitly incorporated into the framework proposed here, substantially enhancing the comprehensiveness of the model economy, and allowing it to better account for underlying social structure in emerging economies. Furthermore, financial and housing markets have not been considered sufficiently in either the advanced or emerging economy literature, an oversight this book remedies. As such, it makes an original and valuable contribution to the field, and a direction for future research.

Sophie Brown analyzes the impact of the Bangladesh IT association (BASIS) on firm export performance, using unique cross-sectional data from the Bangladesh Evaluation Survey 2016. She aims to build on existing literature and provides empirical insight into the effect of an export association in a developing country in the IT and ITES sector. The hypotheses that BASIS services and training programs positively impact firm export performance, defined as export propensity and export share, are empirically tested using the propensity score matching method. The results show a positive link between BASIS and firm export performance. The services, such as financial services seem to favor an expansion of firms'export share while training programs, such as the marketing and technical training are associated with an increase of export propensity.

This book studies the Chinese “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI), also called'New Silk Road', and focuses on its regional and local effects. Written by experts from various fields, it presents a range of case studies on the geopolitical, socio-economic, ecological and cultural implications of the BRI for European regions and their stakeholders. The book is divided into four parts, the first of which discusses the history of and China's motivations for the BRI. The second part explores the global phenomenon from a number of regional standpoints. In turn, the third part presents studies on the political, socio-economic, cultural and ecological implications of the New Silk Road project. The final part highlights the tourism prospects in connection with the Silk Road project, as tourism has established itself as an important economic sector in many regions along the historic Silk Road. This book will appeal to scholars of economics, international relations and tourism, decision-makers, managers, chambers of commerce and entrepreneurs with special interests in establishing collaboration with the Chinese market.

This book examines the capital structure dynamics in Indian MSMEs, offering empirical evidence to better understand the financial practices within entrepreneurial settings. Altaf and Shah in this book assess the financing pattern of Indian MSMEs, response of capital structure determinants to different macroeconomic states, links between working capital and capital structure, cash flow volatility and capital structure and also the impact of credit risk on capital structure and firm performance relationship. This book enthuses the audience looking to understand newer dynamics of capital structure and its interplay in the Indian MSMEs.