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The main intention of this book is to give an impression of the state of the art in energy-aware task-scheduling-related issues for very dynamic emb- ded real-time processing applications. The material is based on research at IMEC in this area in the period 1999–2006, with a very extensive state-- the-art overview. It can be viewed as a follow-up of the earlier “Modeling, veri?cation and exploration of task-level concurrency in real-time embedded systems” book [234] that was published in 1999 based on the task-level m- eling work at IMEC. In order to deal with the stringent timing requirements, the cost-sensitivity and the dynamic characteristics of our target domain, we have again adopted a target architecture style (i. e., heterogeneous mul- processor) and a systematic methodology to make the exploration and op- mization of such systems feasible. But this time our focus is mainly on p- viding practical work?ow out of the (abstract) general?ow from previous book and also the relevant scheduling techniques for each step of this?ow. Our approach is very heavily application-driven which is illustrated by several realistic demonstrators. Moreover, the book addresses only the steps above the traditional real-time operating systems (RTOS), which are mainly focused on correct solutions for dispatching tasks. Our methodology is nearly fully independent of the implementations in the RTOS so it is va- able for the realization on those existing embedded systems where legacy applications and underlying RTOS have been developed.