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The raised-arm salute was the most popular symbol of Fascism, Nazism, and related political ideologies in the twentieth century and is said to have derived from an ancient Roman custom. Although modern historians and others employ it as a matter of course, the term “Roman salute” is a misnomer. The true origins of this salute can be traced back to the popular culture of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that dealt with ancient Rome: historical plays and films. The visual culture of stage and screen from the 1890s to the 1920s was chiefly responsible for the wide familiarity of Europeans and Americans with forms of the raised-arm salute and made it readily available for political purposes. The Roman Salute: Cinema, History, Ideology by Martin M. Winkler presents extensive evidence for the modern origin of the raised-arm salute from well before the birth of Fascism and traces its varieties and its dissemination. The continuing presence of certain aspects of Fascism makes an examination of all its facets desirable, especially when the true origins of a symbol as potent as the salute and the history of its dissemination are barely known to classicists and historians of ancient Rome on the one hand, and to scholars of modern European history, on the other. Thus this book will appeal to classicists and historians, including film historians, and will be of interest to readers beyond the academy.

Return to Troy presents essays by American and European classical scholars on the Director's Cut of Troy, a Hollywood film inspired by Homer's Iliad. The book addresses major topics that are important for any twenty-first century representation of ancient Greek myth and literature in the visual media, not only in regard to Troy: the portrayals of gods, heroes, and women; director Wolfgang Petersen's epic technique; anachronisms and supposed mistakes; the fall of Troy in classical literature and on screen; and the place of the Iliad in modern popular culture. Unique features are an interview with the director, a report on the complex filming process by his personal assistant, and rare photographs taken during the original production of Troy.

This is the first book systematically to examine Wolfgang Petersen's epic film Troy from different archaeological, literary, cultural, and cinematic perspectives. The first book systematically to examine Wolfgang Petersen's epic film Troy from different archaeological, literary, cultural, and cinematic perspectives. Examines the film's use of Homer's Iliad and the myth of the Trojan War, its presentation of Bronze-Age archaeology, and its place in film history. Identifies the modern political overtones of the Trojan War myth as expressed in the film and explains why it found world-wide audiences. Editor and contributors are archaeologists or classical scholars, several of whom incorporate films into their teaching and research. Includes an annotated list of films and television films and series episodes on the Trojan War. Contains archaeological illustrations of Troy, relevant images of ancient art, and stills from films on the Trojan War.

This is the first book systematically to analyze Kirk Douglas'and Stanley Kubrick's depiction of the slave revolt led by Spartacus from different historical, political, and cinematic perspectives. Examines the film's use of ancient sources, the ancient historical contexts, the political significance of the film, the history of its censorship and restoration, and its place in film history. Includes the most important passages from ancient authors'reports of the slave revolt in translation.

Classical Myth and Culture in the Cinema is a collection of essays presenting a variety of approaches to films set in ancient Greece and Rome and to films that reflect archetypal features of classical literature. The diversity of content and theoretical stances found in this volume will make it required reading for scholars and students interested in interdisciplinary approaches to text and image.

Der'Triumphus humanae stultitiae vel Tylus Saxo'(1558) des Humanisten Ioannes Nemius ist die erste lateinische Fassung der Eulenspiegelschwänke und deren erste Version in gebundener Sprache in einem in sich geschlossenen Zusammenhang. Das Gedicht wird hier erstmalig in einer modernen Ausgabe mit Kommentar, Übersetzung und begleitenden Studien vorgelegt. Der'Triumphus'nimmt eine entscheidende Stellung in der Eulenspiegelrezeption und in der Entwicklung und Verbreitung frühmoderner Volksliteratur ein. Das Gedicht legt ein beredtes Zeugnis zum Nachleben der Antike im Humanismus ab, wobei dem Autor die'Ars Poetica'des Horaz als Richtschnur diente. Zur Charakteristik Eulenspiegels griff Nemius außerdem auf die griechische Mythologie, die nachklassische griechische Volksliteratur und die römische Komödie und Satire zurück. Weiterhin steht das Gedicht in besonderer Nähe zu Erasmus und dessen'Lob der Torheit'. Es ist somit eine gelungene Synthese der hohen Renaissancekultur und der Tradition der populären Dichtung, wie sie über das Mittelalter bis in die Antike zurückreicht. Auch gebührt Nemius'Gedicht hohes Interesse für die Impulse, die es der nachfolgenden Eulenspiegelliteratur gab, z.B. Fischarts'Eulenspiegel Reimenweiss'. Der Band, der auch eine Biographie des Autors, eine Darstellung seines Kreises und einen Überblick über die Druckgeschichte des'Triumphus'enthält, legt eine erste systematische Interpretation des Gedichts vor und erweitert den Blickwinkel der Eulenspiegelforschung auf Mittelalter und Antike.