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This manual defines sex and gender differences in cardiovascular disease and how they have become an important topic within most subspecialities in the field of cardiology. It is now evident that sex differences in biology and lifestyle influence the pathophysiology of heart disease. Consequently risk factors for cardiac disease are modified by sex and gender, and women and men develop partly different variants of the same heart diseases. These facts profoundly influence prevention and management in clinical practice. Good medical practice demands a more tailored and personal care for each individual patient. In addition, the life-course of women has a few unique phases, related to hormonal changes in pregnancy and after menopause, that also interact with individual risk and the development of co-morbidities. As heart disease is now the number one cause of death in women worldwide, a more specific attention to cardiovascular disease in women is justified. Most important advances in gender-specific knowledge are related to ischemic heart disease and its traditional and sex-specific risk factors. Diagnostic pathways have changed, coronary angiography is no longer the gold standard that it used to be. Recent guidelines and position papers have paid attention to these new insights, whereas educational programs urgently need to be adapted. The ongoing paradigm shift in cardiology needs to be updated for the clinician in an easy and accessible manner. Other important topics in which sex and gender differences have been elaborated are heart failure, atrial fibrillation, aortic valve disease and its treatment, cardiac rehabilitation, co-morbidities, cardiotoxicity in cancer treatment and neurology. In addition, female-specific risk factors and socio-economic factors are relevant to women's cardiovascular health. We will invite the best EU experts in this field to contribute to the various chapters. Manual of Cardiovascular Disease in Women has an educational role for established cardiologists and vascular specialists in training, nurses and other allied professionals. It represents an update on the most recent insights in sex- and gender differences in cardiovascular health with a focus on women's cardiovascular diseases. Additional questions via app: Download the Springer Nature Flashcards app for free and use exclusive additional material to test your knowledge.

The book delves into the development and therapeutic potential of Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. It explores their mechanism of action, cardiovascular benefits, and role in primary and secondary protection from renal and cardiovascular diseases. The book also highlights their emerging opportunities in the management of myocardial infarction, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and congestive heart failure. It provides a comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical information on the cardiovascular advantages of SGLT2 inhibitors. Additionally, the book explores selective drugs and their effects on cardiovascular events, mortality, and safety outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The book is a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare professionals, and individuals interested in the field of SGLT2 inhibitors and their impact on diabetes and cardiovascular health.

This book describes the always-challenging echocardiographic evaluation of patients with a pacemaker, defibrillator or resynchronization device. With no defined set of guidelines to orient clinicians about the appropriate evaluation of patients with implanted devices, this book describes the management and evaluation of patients with often highly complex clinical profiles. Echocardiographic Evaluation of Patients with Implanted Devices reviews chamber quantification, systolic and diastolic function evaluation, analysis of wall motion abnormalities, description and review of mitral apparatus and mitral regurgitation, tricuspid apparatus and tricuspid regurgitation, and the evaluation of echocardiographic parameters after cardiac resynchronization therapy. Also included are extensive sections on the complications of the process and how to identify these at the earliest stage. It is a critical resource for cardiologists, sonographers and interventional cardiologists, and all involved in the management of these patients.

This book serves as a clinical guide for the growing number of Advanced Practice Clinicians (APC) who care for stroke patients. It covers the entire spectrum of stroke care: acute, inpatient, and outpatient, as well as fundamental topics like neuroanatomy and radiology. Each chapter succinctly reviews crucial topics designed to guide APCs of any experience level with clinical decision-making. To further enrich the text, we incorporated guidelines, relevant trial data written in plain language, decision-making algorithms, clinical pearls, and case vignettes. Since this is a book for APCs, each chapter is written in a clear, clinically focused manner by an experienced APC with a collaborating physician. We hope this is a helpful resource not only for APCs in neurology but also for those practicing in other specialties, primary care, and students learning about stroke care.

This book provides a practical, easy to understand approach to the clinical practice of cardiac CT imaging. Written by international leaders in the field with many years of experience in education and practice, the book provides the necessary background to understand all aspects of cardiac CT imaging paired with practical instructions to acquire CT images, optimize image for interpretation, and to appropriately interpret scans. An emphasis is placed on concise text, abundance of tables and illustrations, and easily searchable information. The book builds on years of experience in educating and instructing physicians on all aspects of cardiac CT imaging. The book includes chapters on latest and evolving technologies and envisions a link to online applications for enhanced, readily available instruction. This book offers valuable assistance to medical practitioners and trainees on how to safely acquire and interpret cardiac CT images for a wide spectrum of indications, including coronary heart disease, cardiac rhythm disorders, structural heart disease, interventional cardiology, and valvular heart disease.

EKG texts currently on the market present EKGs as patterns for rote memorization. This book alternatively presents a uniquely conceptual approach to the interpretation of electrocardiograms. This book contains over 140 exemplary instructive EKGs with an additional 40 self-assessment EKGs. Chapters start with an historical introduction on the nature of EKGs followed by text and illustrations regarding the conceptualization of EKG forces. Further chapters cover specific EKG abnormalities. Included are chapters covering changes which accrue from intraventricular conduction abnormalities, chamber enlargement, ischemic heart disease, COPD, pulmonary embolus, electrolyte abnormalities, basic dysrhythmias and various artifacts. The book is purposefully written to enable utilization of the superior approach of conceptual analysis of electrocardiographic forces as opposed to rote memorization of patterns. Conceptual Electrocardiography is a must-have learning resource for medical students, residents, nurse PAs, critical care and ER physicians, and cardiology fellows and attendings.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of essential concepts and evidence that guide the practice of contemporary preventive cardiovascular nursing. The sections incorporate a lifespan approach to cardiovascular wellness, and provide perspectives on sources of known and emerging cardiovascular risk factors as well as the spectrum of multidimensional factors including biological, behavioral, psychological and sociocultural influences on cardiovascular wellness, risk, and the evolution of cardiovascular conditions. Unique features address: 1) building resilience across the lifespan such that optimal cardiovascular wellness can be attained within multiple contexts of health states to increase a healthy lifespan and longevity; 2) behavior change skills for risk factor reduction; 3) risk factors and risk reduction approaches with special populations defined by gender,, age and aging, heath states, and health equity issues; and 4) high level roles for cardiovascular nurses as provider - risk assessor, communicator and care provider; educator, leader, patient and health advocate. Relevant case studies are included throughout to facilitate the application of the content. This book fills a gap in that there is no other book on preventive cardiovascular nursing care and roles, and it provides support for the nurse to lead relevant interdisciplinary teams. The book will empower nurses to build knowledge and skills for cardiovascular prevention and to provide leadership for optimal cardiovascular wellness for patients and communities.

​The second edition of this book explores different aspects of the relationship between hypertension and brain damage, providing readers with up-to-date information that will be of interest to clinicians and researchers alike. In recent years, numerous studies have been published that have added new evidence on different aspects of the disease. New recommendations and the latest hypertension guidelines on stroke and dementia will be described in this edition, which will include not only updated content but also new chapters on aspects that have recently emerged in relation to hypertension and brain damage. After an introductory chapter on the epidemiology and burden of neurological disease induced by hypertension, the significance of various comorbidities that represent risk factors for brain damage in the context of hypertension is discussed. The effects of hypertension on small and large cerebral arteries and the consequences on brain damage are then examined in detail. Similarly, the association between hypertension and ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack and haemorrhagic stroke is explored in depth, and the evidence and guidelines for reducing hypertension during the acute phase of each form of stroke are summarised. Both primary and secondary prevention of stroke are addressed, with the results of major studies presented. The reader will also find interesting new perspectives on the role of different imaging techniques, including CT and functional MRI, in detecting and diagnosing brain damage in patients with hypertension. The concluding chapters examine the relationship between hypertension and cognitive decline and dementia associated with hypertension, its pathophysiology, the detection of cognitive impairment in daily practice, and its prevention and treatment.

This book provides younger radiologists with a practical guide to aortic imaging, from acquisition to reporting. It discusses the pros and cons of the different available techniques and offers tips for the optimization of acquisition protocols and it covers the most frequent aortic pathologies, from a diagnostic and interventional point of view. Report building is discussed starting from standardized terminology; for each pathology, the book lists, in a simple and schematic way, the key points that must be included in the report of a cross-sectional study. Checklists used by clinicians and radiologists in routine practice are also included, and iconography is enriched by numerous stand-alone images. The Authors have long-standing experience in cardiovascular imaging and interventional procedures and with this publication they are providing a useful guide in everyday clinical practice.

Bedeutende Persönlichkeiten, deren Namen für entscheidende Neuerungen in der Kinderherzchirurgie und Kinderkardiologie stehen, werden im Sinne eines'historischen Feuilletons'vorgestellt und charakterisiert, ihr Werk wird in den jeweiligen historischen, geistes- und wissenschaftsgeschichtlichen Kontext gestellt. Ein Blick in die spannende Entwicklung der Fachgebiete, der zugleich die Voraussetzungen für zukünftige Ideen und Problemlösungen aufzeigt.

This book provides clinicians with the information needed to effectively interpret the literature from observational and interventional cardiovascular outcomes studies. The book begins by providing a historical context of cardiovascular epidemiology, followed by chapters addressing key concepts in the study of cardiovascular disease such as the types of cardiovascular outcomes studies, basic and evolving design and statistical considerations, current guidelines for reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease, challenges in developing evidence-based recommendations for non-pharmacological interventions, an overview of the pharmaceutical development process, and a detailed discussion of the clinical evidence supporting several factors and their relationships with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (lipids, inflammation, hemostasis, heart rhythm, blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease). Cardiovascular Outcomes Research is a must-have resource for physicians and other clinicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, endocrinology, primary care, and health promotion and disease prevention.

This book is the first board review atlas in Pediatric Cardiology. Chapters cover high-yield and image-based board-style questions with full explanations. This book utilizes images from fetal echocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance, 12 lead electrocardiogram, ambulatory ECG monitoring and intracardiac electrophysiology tracing. This highly illustrated atlas will be an excellent resource not only for board certification and recertification but also as a clinical guide in Pediatric Cardiology. Board Review Atlas of Pediatric Cardiology is a valuable resource for pediatric cardiologists, pediatric cardiology fellows, pediatric cardiac surgeons, and pediatric radiologists and residents.

This book introduces readers to the fundamental concepts of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and its most important analysis algorithms using a hands-on approach based on the open-source RHRV software. HRV refers to the variation over time of the intervals between consecutive heartbeats. Despite its apparent simplicity, HRV is one of the most important markers of autonomic nervous system activity and it has been recognized as a useful predictor of several pathologies. The book discusses all the basic HRV topics, including the physiological contributions to HRV, clinical applications, HRV data acquisition, HRV data manipulation and HRV analysis using time-domain, frequency-domain, time-frequency, nonlinear and fractal techniques. Detailed examples based on real data sets are provided throughout the book to illustrate the algorithms and discuss the physiological implications of the results. Offering a comprehensive guide to analyzing beat information with RHRV, the book is intended for masters and Ph.D. students in various disciplines such as biomedical engineering, human and veterinary medicine, biology, and pharmacy, as well as researchers conducting heart rate variability analyses on both human and animal data. The second edition of the book has been updated to RHRV version 5.0. This version introduces a functionality to perform heart rate variability analysis on entire populations. This functionality automates and streamlines both the calculation of HRV indices in the time, frequency, and nonlinear domains, as well as the subsequent statistical analysis.

This 2nd edition has been extensively updated and provides comprehensive and current insight into congenital heart diseases, from embryonic development through to clinical features, including human genetics and our current knowledge of the underlying molecular pathways.The book is divided into three parts: an introduction to the development of the heart and its vessels, an overview of the molecular pathways affecting the development of various cardiovascular structures, and a main section focusing on the different types of structural and nonstructural congenital heart diseases, including their clinical features, underlying genetic alterations and insights from animal models and pathways. All chapters have been updated and new chapters added on state-of-the-art approaches including stem cells and organoids, cardiac metabolism, single cell transcriptomics and 3D reconstruction of human heart development. The clinical chapters have been extended and include new sections on diagnostic imaging techniques. Taken together, the book, written by and for clinicians and researchers, provides an integrated and up-to-date resource for all those who want to learn more about both the clinical aspects and the genetic and molecular basis of congenital heart disease.

This extensively revised edition of this important textbook provides a practical approach to the use of nuclear cardiology for the general cardiologist. It is an adjunct to the existing literature in nuclear cardiology, providing a simple case-based approach to understanding the methodology, application and outcomes of the modality, and representing a pocket-sized compendium designed for a clinical cardiology audience. Nuclear cardiology procedures have been a mainstay in noninvasive testing for the diagnosis and risk stratification of coronary artery disease for many years. Although a mature field with a multitude of clinical applications, the advances in the technology and imaging procedures have been remarkable and important to document.Handbook of Nuclear Cardiology: Cardiac SPECT and Cardiac PET reviews the important indications for choosing nuclear cardiology procedures and provides a description of the procedures themselves, including both SPECT and PET imaging protocols, as well as supplying readers with a the key readings resources. It emphasizes how noninvasive testing results can be used clinically and the appropriateness of such techniques using a concise and logical structure, vital for trainees, practicing physicians, nurses and technologists looking for a brief, up-to-date overview and reference volume for nuclear cardiology. It therefore represents an essential reference for a large number of cardiologists internationally looking for information in the field.

This book uses a validated cardiovascular simulator to illustrate cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology, principles of hemodynamic monitoring, and the impact of therapy in patients with a wide spectrum of critical care diseases. The simulator considers the closed-loop nature of the cardiovascular system and is thus ideally suited for demonstrating the complex and dynamic nature of the cardiovascular system. The book uses the Harvi cardiovascular simulator (Harvi Dynamics, Inc) in which heart chambers are modeled according to the time-varying elastance principles of Suga and Sunagawa, and Guyton's model of the vasculature, which describes systemic and pulmonary vascular properties by a series of resistances and capacitances. The simulator generates ventricular pressure-volume loops from each of the four chambers, time-dependent tracings of pressure, flow and volumes, and the hemodynamic parameters derived from these signals. The principles of the time varying elastance model are reviewed and then applied to a spectrum of cardiovascular lesions, including acute and chronic systolic heart failure, sepsis phenotypes, pulmonary hypertension, valvular disease, and the impact of therapies such as vasoactive agents and acute and chronic mechanical circulatory support devices. Simulation in Cardiovascular Critical Care Medicine is a valuable resource for all levels of learners in the fields of Cardiology, Critical Care Medicine, and Cardiac Critical Care Medicine.

This case-based atlas encompasses all aspects of imaging in congenital cardiac defects, cardiac masses, inflammatory and acquired heart diseases, cardiomyopathies and coronary-related pathologies. The chapters begin with a description of the imaging approach, followed by cases comprehensively covering the gamut of clinical scenarios that may be encountered in clinical practice. The atlas provides pertinent information about each discussed disease state, its imaging diagnosis and recent advances, including role of radiology in management, follow up and prognostication. Cases that may pose as imaging differentials accompany the index case, followed by a variety of companion cases illustrating the possible spectrum of abnormalities that the reader may be confronted with while dealing with the index case. It acts as a guide for the cardiovascular radiologist, physician, paediatrician, internist, cardiologist, cardiothoracic surgeon as well as radiology residents for inculcating an evidence-based approach for choosing the right imaging algorithm in the given clinical situation. The highly visual design of the atlas enables it to act as a quick and ready reference.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of plants and plant-derived phytochemicals in the management of cardiovascular diseases. It presents the cardioprotective potential of plants and phytochemicals, covering various preclinical models, assays, and clinical research protocols of plant medicine for cardioprotection. Chapters cover the role of plants and phytochemicals in prevention and cure of atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, cardiotoxicity and the underlying pharmacological, molecular, biochemical, and immunobiological mechanisms. The book also includes toxicological aspects (safety evaluations), meta-analysis of clinical trials, critical assessments, drawbacks and challenges for adopting phytomedical approaches in evidence-based medicine for the treatment of CVDs. Screening methods and plant foods for cardioprotection are also covered. The book will be a reference for all researchers working on the role of plant-based products on cardiovascular systems and on cardioprotective agents of plant origin. It will be useful for students, researchers, physicians, nurses, industrial scientists, nutritionists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, toxicologists, botanists, and traditional medicine practitioners. In particular, researchers working on heart problems, diseases, toxicity, physicians treating patients with heart problems, hospitals, pharmacy institutions, pharmacy students and researchers, ethnobotanists, and people working in traditional medicine will find this book useful.

This book makes for great reading and easy comprehension of ECG - at your pace! It is written mainly for students and family practitioners. The topics are covered using high-quality ECG tracings, summary boxes, and informative colored diagrams. The book starts with the fundamentals of electrocardiography and acquaints the reader with common electrocardiographs seen in coronary care units and also indoor and outdoor settings of hospitals. Divided into short 30 chapters, this book covers all the essential aspects, including electrophysiology, regular waves and complexes, electrical axis determination, and various abnormalities, including hypertrophy, myocardial ischemia, infarction, conduction disturbances, the effect of drugs and electrolytes, and cardiac arrhythmias. One can learn a topic in 12-15 minutes! The proposed book will empower readers and guide them through the challenges associated with learning the art of interpretation of ECGs ‐ providing readers the knowledge, the skills, and most importantly, the confidence necessary to make informed decisions, both at the examination hall as well as the bedside of the patient.

This book provides extensive information on the management of advanced heart failure, cardiogenic shock and mechanical circulatory support. In this regard, this book is unique in emphasizing the physiologic interaction between physician and technology, bridging the gap between theoretical physiology and its clinical application, with a focus on the practical aspects of cardiovascular physiology in advanced heart failure/cardiogenic shock, and focusing on each part of the patient's clinical ‘journey'. Hemodynamic Physiology in Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock integrates complex topics in advanced heart failure and cardiogenic shock, such as the man-machine interactive physiology and the theoretical physiology-clinical application. It therefore provides an accessible resource for cardiologists, surgeons, intensivists, specialist nurses and critical care practitioners, and is also suitable for trainees and more senior clinicians with an interest in a physiology-guided approach to advanced heart failure/cardiogenic shock and mechanical circulatory support.

This two-volume manual covers the most relevant protocols in pediatric cardiac care to serve as a practical guide that matches and reflects the high level of accumulated knowledge and expertise in this clinical field. It includes 179 chapters and offers comprehensive, precise, and up-to-date practical tips with specific care protocols to provide the most efficient strategies for high-quality care in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). This book simplifies learning with many tables, flowcharts, graphs, and algorithms for easy access and fast action. Volume II covers many vital sections, such as ethical considerations in pediatric cardiac patients, pediatric cardiac surgery, pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU) guidelines, clinical pharmacy guidelines, adults with congenital heart disease, appendix (with normal values/reference tables/graphs/scores and various calculated indexes used and needed for proper pediatric cardiac care).This manual is a must-have resource for pediatricians, neonatologists, clinical pharmacy specialists, pediatric intensive care physicians, pediatric cardiologists, pediatric cardiac intensive care physicians, pediatric cardiac surgeons, and/or surgeons interested in pediatric cardiac surgery.

This two-volume manual covers the most relevant protocols in pediatric cardiac care to serve as a practical guide that matches and reflects the high level of accumulated knowledge and expertise in this clinical field. It includes 179 chapters and offers comprehensive, precise, and up-to-date practical tips with specific care protocols to provide the most efficient strategies for high-quality care in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). This book simplifies learning with many tables, flowcharts, graphs, and algorithms for easy access and fast action. Volume I covers many key sections, such as prenatal morphogenesis and physiology of the human heart, fetal cardiology, neonates and congenital heart disease, cardiac imaging, pediatric cardiac catheterization, pediatric cardiac electrophysiology, critical events and emergency procedures in pediatric cardiac care, management of specific cardiac conditions, general pediatric and subspecialty issues related to children with CHD, follow-up standards in pediatric outpatient cardiology clinic, prophylaxis in children with CHD, quality aspects, professional conduct and training in pediatric cardiac care. This manual is a must-have resource for pediatricians, neonatologists, clinical pharmacy specialists, pediatric intensive care physicians, pediatric cardiologists, pediatric cardiac intensive care physicians, pediatric cardiac surgeons, and/or surgeons interested in pediatric cardiac surgery.

The book provides a comprehensive exploration of the dynamic field of pharmacology and its fundamental principles. It delves into the intricate interactions between drugs and the human body, focusing on pharmacokinetics, which explains the dynamics of drug actions in the body, and pharmacodynamics, which uncovers the mechanisms through which drugs exert their effects. The book also emphasizes the crucial aspects of therapeutics and gene-based therapy, shedding light on modern approaches to disease treatment. Readers will gain insights into drugs that target the autonomic nervous system, influencing functions beyond voluntary control, and drugs that act on the central nervous system, impacting neurological processes. Additionally, the book examines medications affecting renal and cardiovascular functions, playing a significant role in maintaining homeostasis. Moreover, it explores the realm of drugs influencing gastrointestinal function, essential for digestive health.Furthermore, the book covers pharmacotherapy for microbial diseases, addressing the challenge of infectious agents and their treatment. It also investigates hormones and hormone antagonists, pivotal in regulating various physiological processes. Lastly, it provides a comprehensive understanding of drugs used for immunomodulation, which plays a crucial role in enhancing or suppressing the immune system.The book serves as a resource for students, researchers, and healthcare professionals seeking a deep understanding of drug interactions, therapeutic applications, and cutting-edge approaches in pharmacology.

This textbook provides an invaluable resource for multidisciplinary medical professionals performing structural heart interventions. Chapters contain clear, easy-to-follow guidance on the use of multi-modality imaging and clinical decision-making. Detailed information is given on intraprocedural monitoring and post-procedural evaluation for successful therapeutic intervention. The use of cardiac imaging technologies including three-dimensional echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are presented with images, illustrations, and video material, along with learning objectives, imaging pearls, and key points to reinforce the key concepts described, facilitating a deep understanding of the value of cardiac imaging in line with the latest guidelines. Cardiac Imaging in Structural Heart Disease:A Textbook for the Heart Team comprehensively discusses the use of the latest methodologies and technologies available in this field of medicine. This Springer Nature Flashcard augmented book is an essential resource for all members of the structural heart team including adult and pediatric cardiologists, anesthesiologists, cardiac sonographers, radiologists and cardiovascular technologists. Additional questions and answers via app: Download the Springer Nature Flashcards app free of charge and use exclusive additional material to test your knowledge.

Double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) represents a great challenge for cardiac surgeons due to the absence of standard surgical approach and this book is the first complete manual detailing decision-making in all anatomical types of DORV: subaortic, subpulmonary, subarterial and noncommitted defects. It provides information regarding the molecular mechanisms and clinical consequences of the most important syndromes in patients with cyanotic congenital heart defects, arterial hypoxemia and myocardial remodeling.Double-Outlet Right Ventricle explains the most important operations using real anatomical specimens. This helps readers to understand these surgical principles from a surgeon's perspective. All operations are described according to indication, timing, intracardiac revision (structures that should be accessed during an operation), surgical technique, advantages and disadvantages. The book is therefore of importance to all cardiac surgeons and healthcare professionals working with this group of patients.

Telerehabilitation is becoming one of the most popular health service methods due to the recent advancements in information technology. The aim of this book is to present comprehensive telerehabilitation-based evaluation protocols and treatment modalities, offering evidence-based insights into their efficacy. Within the volume, various rehabilitation departments, including orthopedic, neurological, cardiopulmonary, geriatric, and pediatric rehabilitation, are explored in terms of telerehabilitation applications, practices, and assessment tools. The effectiveness of telerehabilitation methods, which are frequently used in clinical practice, is addressed also in terms of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and ethics. In addition, international guidelines are pointed out comprehensively. This book will appeal not only to Physiotherapists and PM&R physicians but also to a broader audience of specialists interested in the field of telerehabilitation.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of heart diseases and the role the echocardiogram plays in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. The book is split into two sections: the first section deals with heart diseases and the second section covers echocardiograms. Each chapter contains hand-drawn diagrams to help illustrate the complex topics. Chapters cover other modalities including CMR and CT as well as Intra Cardiac Echocardiogram, Intra Vascular Echocardiogram, and Portable Echocardiogram. Chapters also offer tips for the practicing physician on how to be a team member and coordinate with different specialists involved – the cardiologist, the cardiothoracic surgeon, etc. In addition, the book discusses how to participate in both the diagnostic process as well as the treatment plan. Heart Diseases and Echocardiogram is a must-have resource for practicing physicians, internists, cardiology fellows, echocardiogram technicians, cardiovascular surgeons.

Environmental conditions and processes are one of the major pillars on which the human well-being rests. It is the core responsibility of the society to preserve and enhance better conditions for the human well-being. Indeed, there are several evolving unmet needs in public health. Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and a surge in the incidence of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CAD), chronic respiratory diseases, and metabolic diseases have been impediments to sustainable well-being. Many factors are critical in the global surge in the rate and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. These include the shift from acute to chronic conditions, the shift from single risk factor vs. multiple influences, aging population, global health disparities, exposure to lower harmful influences over a longer period, etc. However, the epigenetic factors due to unhealthy environment play a most significant role in the underlying pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, this has been ignored for a long time and realized lately to expand and disseminate knowledge to general population, expand research activities to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms, and develop better preventive and treatment strategies. The most significant environmental impoverishment in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases include different genetical, chemical, physical, and biological influences, but not limited to, socio-economic status and lack of nutrients, nutritional aspects including habits, diets and additives, inhaled and ingested pollutants, exhaust gas and gasoline products, tobacco smoke, water pollution, alcohol consumption, soil and mineral pollution, solvents, pesticides, microplastics, non-critical usage of drugs, climate change, extreme atmospheric conditions, extremes in noise and temperature, electromagnetic influences, microwaves and radiation, outdoor light pollution, mental stressors, lack of or over exercise, microbiota and microbiological agents like SARS CoV-2 virus, etc.

Embark on a transformative journey with this groundbreaking guide tailored for seasoned neurosurgeons in developed countries. This book serves as a compass for those inspired to extend their expertise to resource-constrained settings, elevating the standards of cerebrovascular surgery in developing nations. Beyond surgical techniques, it addresses intercultural nuances, language barriers, and the challenges of bridging the medical divide. This is not just a guide; it's a call to action, urging experts to actively share their knowledge with neurosurgeons in less privileged environments.

This book discusses the epidemiology and the known cardiotoxic effects of chemoradiation agents in addition to newer therapies in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Recent expert consensus statements from cardiology and hematology/oncology societies are reviewed in regard to risk stratification of the patient based on the type of treatments they are undergoing. Finally, gaps in knowledge are identified with proposed avenues of research that allow for more accurate risk assessment, prediction and potential treatment of the HSCT patient in attenuating the risk of developing cardiovascular comorbidities.Cardiovascular Considerations in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation reveals a picture of effective management of these patients in order to optimize both short- and long-term outcomes of HSCT. It is of considerable interest to all involved or training within this rapidly growing area of cardiology and oncology.