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It has taken a long time to make this book. Many initial drafts of the chapters published in this book were presented in November 2000 during a two-day conference on Interactive governance: towards a post-parliamentary democracy held in Enschede (The Netherlands). The Netherlands Institute of Governance (NIG) sponsored the. conference. After this conference the organisers discussed the possibility of making a book on the basis of papers presented at this event. In the end it was agreed that such a publication would indeed be worthwhile provided the initial papers were fundamentally revised. Moreover it was agreed that also supplementary chapters should be included, in order to strengthen the international comparative perspective. On this basis authors of the conference papers chapters and envisioned new chapters were invited to (re)submit drafts. The completion of the book, however, was unexpectedly halted by the tragic sudden death of our co-editor and dear friend Oscar van Heffen. In his lifetime he was the driving force behind this project. Without his efforts, insightful comments and helpful suggestions this book, in its present form, would never have been published. As such we dedicate this volume to his memory, the completion of the book being an honorary debt to our friend and his wife Mirjan.

This book presents a collection of papers by researchers from several different institutions on a wide range of digital issues. Digitalization describes the phenomenon of how knowledge is processed and the processed knowledge provides social transformations beyond digitization, interaction, annihilation of time and space, the phenomenon of usage in multimedia. Transformed is not only the society but also its mentality. Digitalization reveals a sui generis digimodern process by processing modern structures with the help of compulsory tools. This process is a reconstruction of social structures and institutions on the basis of the digitalization perspective. Each social institution adapts this process and provides a contribution to the digitalization of society.

Herbert Rowen has always insisted that historians don't need biographers. Outside'a small circle of family, friends and students,'what matters most is not the individual but his or her work.'Thus the main purpose of the present volume is to highlight Professor Rowen's contributions to the political history of early modem Europe. Part I includes assessment of his work by others, while Parts ll-V contain examples of his best articles, papers, and reviews, some published here for the first time, most previously hard-to-get. These essays not only add substantively to our understanding of early modem politics, but treat both implicitly and explicitly the historian's task per se. Hence, this is not biography, much less'innocuous laudation'or hagiography, which Herb would not forgive. Yet it is only fitting that someone who lays so much stress on the human side of History should by way of introduction have something said about his person as well as his work.

This is an open access book. Socio-culturally, people in the Southeast Asian region have a heterogeneous composition. This diversity can be seen from the large number of ethnic compositions that inhabit the region. For example, in Indonesia, there are already various ethnic groups, not yet to mention in other regions such as Malaysia, Philippine, and others. The diversity of these ethnic groups is directly proportional to the variety of languages that exist in Southeast Asia. Similarly with the languages, the culture in these ethnic groups is definitely diverse. Interestingly, this diversity is constantly changing, keeping up with the global changes. These changes are important to study, in order to get an overview of the socio-cultural changes and continuity that currently exist in the Southeast Asian region.The various changes and continuity that occur historically, geographically, and socio-culturally mentioned above, will also have various impacts on the educational aspect. Therefore, it is also pivotal to examine the various change and continuity that occur in the field of education of Southeast Asia. This is because the field of education will determine where Southeast Asia will be taken in the future.

Das Open Access Buch bietet eine aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme zum freiwilligen Engagement in Deutschland. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf dem Deutschen Freiwilligensurvey, der zum fünften Mal im Jahr 2019 durchgeführt wurde und vom Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend (BMFSFJ) gefördert wird. Die Autor:innen klären Fragen wie: Wer engagiert sich aus welchen Beweggründen? Wie ist freiwilliges Engagement ausgestaltet und wie hat sich freiwilliges Engagement gewandelt? Wie gestaltet sich der Zusammenhang von politischer Partizipation sowie Einstellungen zur Demokratie mit dem freiwilligen Engagement?

This open access collection is devoted to an in-depth, qualitative analysis of practices of cross-national solidarity in response to the current political and social crises, from citizens'initiatives to networks of cooperation among civil society actors. The book analyses existing informal groups at the grassroots, furthering transnational solidarity in three thematic areas: disability, unemployment and immigration. Contributions assess how civic groups respond to the various crises affecting Europe, especially the economic and refugee crises, presenting new findings from a systematic comparative study conducted in eight European countries (Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, and the UK). The research will be of interest to scholars, students, journalists, policy-makers and activists interested in civil society, social movements, charitable actions, altruism and solidarity, as well as European studies and the socio-economic challenges of current European crises.

Das Kottbusser Tor in Berlin-Kreuzberg wird sowohl wegen seiner Vielfalt und seines Community-Aktivismus gefeiert als auch wegen Schmutz, Drogen und Gefahr gemieden. Wie die Bewohner•innen ihren Kiez sehen, wird oft in Anekdoten und politischen Statements dargestellt, aber kaum systematisch untersucht. Deshalb hat ein Forschungsteam des Georg-Simmel-Zentrums für Metropolenforschung an der Humboldt-Universität im Auftrag des Bezirksamtes Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg an Haustüren geklingelt und nachgefragt: Wodurch fühlen sich die Menschen in ihrem Wohngebiet unsicher? Würden sie denken, dass mehr Polizeipräsenz die Un-/Sicherheit erhöhen würde? Was erwarten sie von anderen Anwohner•innen, und inwiefern tragen solche Erwartungen zum Gefühl der Sicherheit bei? Trägt die alltägliche Nutzung der Nachbarschaft zum Sicherheitsgefühl bei? Dieses kleine Buch stellt die Ergebnisse der Studie vor. Es engagiert sich kritisch mit der berühmten These, dass'Augen auf der Straße'soziale Kontrolle und damit mehr subjektive Sicherheit erzeugen, und untersucht die Relevanz von Dunkelheit, Dreck und Drogen sowie von Achtsamkeit, Gemeinsamkeit und Zugehörigkeit. Die Studie zeigt, dass das Sicherheitsempfinden in einer städtischen Nachbarschaft von vertrauter Öffentlichkeit abhängt. Sie zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass Menschen einschätzen können, was sie um sich herum sehen (eine Fähigkeit, die bei wiederholter Nutzung von Orten zunimmt) und darauf vertrauen, dass andere Bewohner•innen ihnen den Rücken freihalten. Dabei muss den Menschen nicht immer alles gefallen, was sie an ihrem Wohnort erfahren. Aber in dichten Stadtgebieten mit hoher Diversität profitieren die Bewohner•innen von gegenseitigem Wiedererkennen, wenn es um das Sicherheitsempfinden geht.

This is the first edition of the Yearbook on the African Union. It is first and foremost an academic project that will provide an in-depth evaluation and analysis of the institution, its processes, and its engagements. Despite the increased agency in recent years of the African Union in general, and the AU Commission in particular, little is known – outside expert policy or niche academic circles – about the Union's activities. This is the gap the Yearbook on the African Union wants to systematically bridge. It seeks to be a reference point for in-depth research, evidence-based policy-making and decision-making. Contributors are: Adekeye Adebajo, Habibu Yaya Bappah, Bruce Byiers, Annie Barbara Hazviyemurwi Chikwanha, Dawit Yohannes Wondemagegnehu, Katharina P.W. Döring, Jens Herpolsheimer, Jacob Lisakafu, Frank Mattheis, Henning Melber, Alphonse Muleefu, John N. Nkengasong, Edefe Ojomo, Awino Okech, Jamie Pring, Elizabeth Sidiropoulos, Tim Zajontz.

Das vorliegende Open-Access-Buch trägt in theoretischer und empirischer Hinsicht zu einem besseren Verständnis der Eigenschaften und zivilgesellschaftlichen Verortung von religiösen und säkularen Migrantenselbstorganisationen (MSO) bei. MSO werden unter migrations-, religions- sowie organisationssoziologischen Blickwinkeln betrachtet, in politische Felder und Diskurse eingeordnet und die jeweiligen Positionen mit den Ergebnissen einer (nicht-repräsentativen) Befragung von MSO in neun Großstädten Nordrhein-Westfalens ins Verhältnis gesetzt. Bei der Erhebung wurden organisationsspezifische Merkmale, Ressourcenausstattungen und zivilgesellschaftliche Eigenschaften in den Blick genommen, die wiederum Aktivitäten, Ziele, Selbstverständnisse, das Kooperationsspektrum sowie die Umweltbeziehungen der MSO umfassen. Insgesamt unterstreichen die Ergebnisse für die beiden unterschiedenen Organisationstypen viele Gemeinsamkeiten, zugleich aber auch spezifische Binnen- und Außenverhältnisse. Eine Reduzierung ausschließlich auf religiöse oder säkulare Merkmale wird ihrer Charakterisierung also nicht gerecht – vielmehr ist von einer Vermischung von Handlungslogiken auszugehen.

This book investigates the multifaceted nature of change in today's Nordic Arctic and the necessary research and policy development required to address the challenges and opportunities currently faced by this region. It focuses its attention on the recent efforts of the Nordic community to create specialized Centers of Excellence in Arctic Research in order to facilitate this process of scientific inquiry and policy articulation. The volume seeks to describe both the steps that lead to this decision and the manner in which this undertaking as evolved. The work highlights the research efforts of the four Centers and their investigations of a variety of issues including those related to ecosystem and wildlife management, the revitalization resource dependent communities, the emergence of new climate-born diseases and the development of adequate modeling techniques to assist northern communities in their efforts at adaptation and resilience building. Major discoveries and insights arising from these and other efforts are detailed and possible policy implications considered. The book also focuses attention on the challenges of creating and supporting multidisciplinary teams of researchers to investigate such concerns and the methods and means for facilitating their collaboration and the integration of their findings to form new and useful perspectives on the nature of change in the contemporary Arctic. It also provides helpful consideration and examples of how local and indigenous communities can be engaged in the co-production of knowledge regarding the region. The volume discusses how such research findings can be best communicated and shared between scientists, policymakers and northern residents. It considers the challenges of building common concern not just among different research disciplines but also between bureaucracies and the public. Only when this bridge-building effort is undertaken can true pathways to action be established.

Deborah Luise Lutz explores support work relationships, the relationships between people with intellectual disabilities in receipt of a personal budget and their support workers. Through the methodology of Institutional Ethnography, she specifically investigates how personal budget policies that organize support work in Germany and Australia influence support work relationships. She found that the policies of personal budgets are connected to people's views and expectations about the support work relationship and the support work context that influence the relationship. The author argues that disability research, policy and practice need to be cognisant of this interconnection to improve the quality of support work relationships.

This book aims to provide a general systematic analysis of key issues of Turkish environmental law and policies and to highlight the related concerns and challenges. Its chapters provide a historical perspective and general understanding of the legal settings of Turkish Environmental Law; offer an overall understanding of the evolving and prevailing paradigms of legislation and administrative practices in environmental policy in Turkey; explain how EIA has become the main environmental management tool and instrument of environmental compliance in Turkey; discuss the project process, challenges and results of the EU-funded project ‘Turkey's Map of Environmental Violations'and food security in Turkey; and present a picture of environmental justice movements from bottom-up over the establishment and operation of small-scale hydroelectricity power plants.Thus, with its comprehensive coverage of up-to-date information and findings enabling the reader to understand the topic in fullanalyses of key themes in Turkish environmental law and policies, addressing, in separate chapters, concepts like environmental justice, food security, environmental compliance, environmental impact assessment (EIA), and environmental cases in Turkey in detailmultidisciplinary approach enabling readers to learn about the topic in a holistic mannerit aims to be:•a valuable source of information about Turkish environmental law and policies•an effective tool to support teaching and research on Turkish environmental law and policies•an aid to decision-making on Turkish environmental issues•an important resource for graduate and postgraduate research students and policymakers working on Turkish environmental law and policies Given there is no competitive book on the market with similar coverage, it makes a meaningful contribution to Turkish environmental scholarship

Diese Festschrift zu Ehren Steffen M. Kühnels versammelt eine Vielzahl von Beiträgen zu verschiedenen Themengebieten, mit denen sich der renommierte Soziologe in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten beschäftigt hat. In rund 35 Artikeln diskutieren deutsche und internationale Expertinnen und Experten zentrale Fragen der empirischen Sozialforschung. Die inhaltliche Vielfalt der Beiträge spiegelt dabei das breite Forschungsinteresse und langjährige Schaffen von Steffen M. Kühnel wider. Der erste Teil der Festschrift setzt sich mit der (Weiter-)Entwicklung von statistischen Verfahren und empirischen Forschungsmethoden auseinander. Hierbei wird auch wissenschaftstheoretischen Fragestellungen nachgegangen. Der zweite Teil behandelt Themen der angewandten Sozialforschung und untersucht aktuelle Fragen, insbesondere aus den Bereichen der politischen Wahlen und Partizipation sowie der Einstellungs- und Vorurteilsforschung.Dr. Anja Mays, Institut für Soziologie, TU Darmstadt.Dr. André Dingelstedt, Institut für Qualitätssicherung und Transparenz im Gesundheitswesen (IQTIG), Berlin.Verena Hambauer, Methodenzentrum Sozialwissenschaften, Universität Göttingen.Stephan Schlosser, Methodenzentrum Sozialwissenschaften, Universität Göttingen.Florian Berens, Methodenzentrum Sozialwissenschaften, Universität Göttingen.Dr. Jürgen Leibold, Methodenzentrum Sozialwissenschaften, Universität Göttingen.Jan-Karem Höhne, Universität Mannheim.

This volume explores voters'political rationalizations. The author analyzes semi-structured interview data from 120 American voters collected from 2013-2015 about their positions on three economic referenda—or “direct democratic economic policies” (DDEPs) on the Arizona state ballot from 2008-2012. Building on the literature on voter reasoning and rationalization, the author firstly probes how the intersection of economic position and partisan affiliation shape partisan voters'rationalizations of their DDEP positions. Secondly, he investigates the political and economic discourses that voters use to justify their DDEP positions. This book extends classic sociological theories of individual-level and collective legitimacy, along with contemporary theories of voter rationalization. The findings also help to build theories of American political ideology and values, neoliberalism, moral economy, and norms of self-interest.

The end of the Cold War opened a Pandora's box of regionalism and separatism across Europe, and today they once again pose a significant threat to the territorial and political integrity of the traditional nation-states. Yet, the existence of various subnational groups is inevitable in democratic states. The scope of separatism and regionalism in Europe is quite wide. It includes de facto states, such as Kosovo, Transnistria, and North Cyprus; strong separatist movements aimed at achieving independence, like Catalonia, Basque Country, Scotland, Flanders, and Faroe Islands; strong movements aimed at achieving a more regional autonomy, for example, Lombardy and Veneto; and weaker regional movements, which could potentially escalate in the future, such as Transylvania in Romania or Vojvodina in Serbia. This edited volume tackles all the above-mentioned regional moments and even includes Greenland as a bonus. It brings together seventeen prominent scholars from a wide range of European and North American academic institutions who compiled ten chapters to shed light on the revival of regionalism and separatism via a thorough evaluation and analysis of some of the most important current separatist and regionalist/autonomist movements across modern Europe.

The book is the first and general report of a series of six that reviews the practice of “China Dream” policy by the Zhejiang provincial government. “China Dream” is one of the most important state policies established by the present Chinese government and how to convert this abstract national strategy to concrete practice is still much of a challenge for local governments. The book summarizes the six facets of government administrative practices in economics, politics, culture, society, ecology and construction of the Party. It serves as the skeleton of the series and outlines the whole structure. It will help scholars and political practitioners worldwide better understand the statecraft of China and the practice China has experienced.

This volume contains a collection of original papers by leading legal scholars and social scientists that develop new perspectives on anti-discrimination law, with an emphasis on employment discrimination. The articles were written for a conference held at Stanford Law School in Spring 2003 that was sponsored by the American Bar Foundation and Stanford Law School. The purpose of that conference, this volume, and ongoing work by the Discrimination Research Group based at the American Bar FoundationandtheCenterforAdvancedStudyintheBehavioralSciencesistoadvance the social scienti?c understanding of employment discrimination and the operation of employment discrimination law as a social system, and to consider the legal and policy implications of this emerging body of social science. Now is a pivotal moment for an attempt at a deeper understanding of discrimi- tion and law. After three decades of theoretical development and empirical research onemploymentdiscriminationanditstreatmentinlaw,itiscrucialthatlawyers,social scientists,andpolicymakersassesswhatweknowanddonotknowaboutemployment discrimination and its treatment by law. To date, there are several streams of active research that only occasionally engage with each other. Economists and sociologists continue to debate the extent to which women, minorities, and other traditionally disadvantagedgroupsfacediscriminationinlabormarketsandorganizations. Orga- zation scholars and legal scholars have begun to map the effect of anti-discrimination law on organizational structures and processes, and to raise questions about the extent to which the legalization of organizational employment systems represents symbolic or substantive changes in employment practices.

This important new study provides a critical analysis of the foreign policies conducted during the first two terms of Tony Blair's government. It focuses upon the government's key foreign policy commitments; three of its most important international relationships (with the US, the European Union, and Africa); and how Blair's government dealt with five fundamental policy issues (political economy, defence, international development, intervention, and Iraq). It argues that throughout this period Labour's foreign policies attempted to paper over some important contradictions.

This book examines the issue of irregular transit migration to the EU by presenting the case of the Afghans. Focusing on the Afghans that arrive in and seek to move through Greece, it highlights the unique problems facing this distinctive migratory movement. Recognising that the migratory journey is a continuous interplay of policies and individuals, how each responds and adapts, the book itself moves between countries, policies, stories of migrants and the author's own experiences in the field. Drawing on extensive empirical research conducted in both Greece and Turkey, it explores why such transits occur and the decision-making process of the migrants in transit. Through the example of Afghan migration this book contributes to broader debates concerning transit migration, hospitality and asylum (how it is perceived, access to it). This book presents a timely study of the rise of ‘fortress Europe'and the current discourse around refugees and migrants, amidst the largest refugee flowsince WWII in Europe. This book's interdisciplinary approach will make it a valuable resource for policy makers as well as Sociology and Politics scholars.

This book provides a critical account of the third sector and its future in Europe. It offers an original conceptualization of the third sector in its European manifestations alongside an overview of its major contours, including its structure, sources of support, and recent trends. It also assesses the impact of this sector in Europe which considers its contributions to European economic development, citizen well-being and human development. The Third Sector As A Renewable Resource for Europe presents the findings of the Third Sector Impact (TSI) project funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7). It recognises that in a time of social and economic distress, as well as enormous pressures on governmental budgets, the third sector and volunteering represent a unique ‘renewable resource'for social and economic problem-solving and civic engagement in Europe.

This book analyses the European border at Lampedusa as a metaphor for visible and invisible powers that impinge on relations between Europe and Africa/Asia. Taking an interdisciplinary approach (political, social, cultural, economic and artistic), it explores the island as a place where social relations based around race, gender, sex, age and class are being reproduced and/or subverted. The authors argue that Lampedusa should be understood as a synecdoche for European borders and boundaries. Widening the classical definition of the term ‘border', the authors examine the different meanings assigned to the term by migrants, the local population, seafarers and associative actors based on their subjective and embodied experiences. They reveal how migration policies, international relations with African, Middle Eastern and Asian countries, and the perpetuation of new forms of colonization and imperialism entail heavy consequences for the European Union. This work will appeal to a widereadership, from scholars of migration, anthropology and sociology, to students of political science, Italian, African and cultural studies.

This book analyses the relationship between youth and participation, looking specifically at those repertories of involvement that are commonly clustered under the concept of “unconventional political participation”. The author focuses on the connections between youth practices of participation and youth conditions in contemporary society. Drawing from the analysis of three ethnographic case studies conducted on experiences of youth participation in Italy and Sweden, the circumstances and the reasons leading young people to express their political ideas through forms of engagement located outside the realm of “formal politics” are explored. The book seeks to bring back the specificities of contemporary youth at the centre of the analysis of youth practices of participation, highlighting their often overlooked socio-historical and generational ‘situatedness'. Youth and Unconventional Political Engagement will be of interest students and scholarsacross a range of disciplines, including youth studies, political science, and sociology.

This book attempts a representation of society in contemporary India through an ethnography woven around long-standing intractable conflicts — of displacement and rehabilitation, patriarchy, insurgency and counter-insurgency operations, and climate change. Each chapter in this volume offers a critical transformative narrative in response to these conflicts. It asks how social justice and equality is to be constructed and provides a fresh perspective.It is argued that social movements can no longer be concerned only with itemizing a checklist of demands; it is now necessary to be free of the hegemony of current frames, categories, concepts and principles, and to rethink the ‘promise'. The volume maintains that this effort to step out of the ‘endless waiting'for delivery of a ‘promised value'draws out the labour of transformative action. A valuable contribution to understanding social movements in India, this work challenges the established discourses around grassroots politics, progressive policies and legislations as well as radical mass movements. The book will interest students and researchers of social movements, conflict and peace studies, sociology and social anthropology, political science and development studies. It will also be useful to those working in the areas of human rights, social exclusion and inclusive policies.

Eine Theorie der Kommunikationswissenschaft als Funktionssystem der Weltgesellschaft gibt es bisher nicht. Neu ist die Unterscheidung und die Synthese der sechs Kommunikationskomponenten Sinn, Information, Thema, Mitteilung, Gedächtnis und Verstehen, die Kommunikation unter mitweltbedingten Einschränkungen ermöglichen. Für die Funktion, die Kommunikationswissenschaft von anderen Funktionssystemen der Weltgesellschaft unterscheidet, wird das Erneuern bewahrten Kommunikationswissens vorgeschlagen.

Der Band versammelt Beiträge zum Thema der gegenwärtigen „digitalen“ Propaganda, wie sie im Kontext des Populismus eine besondere Rolle spielt. Sie wird als politisch-mediales Phänomen analysiert und als gesellschaftlich-kommunikatives Herausforderung: dies hinsichtlich der Sorge vor der einseitigen Beeinflussung einer neuen, fragmentierten „Masse“ im Netz sowie um die für medienvermittelte Demokratien fundamentale Möglichkeit des vertrauensvollen Austausches von Informationen und Meinungen auf Basis diskursethischer Prinzipien.

This book takes up the problems of social policy, state intervention and support in the hard times of austerity introduced by the Coalition government 2010-15, and continued under the Conservative government today. At a time when the economy is growing and pay levels finally rising, the necessity for more cuts in public expenditure is fiercely contested. The scope of state services, the levels of support for people in need, and the kinds of organizations that will deliver the services, will all be profoundly affected in coming years. The authors and editors assess some of these consequences visible now in the impact that expenditure cuts and reorganization have had on many areas of social policy, and explore the direction of change in the near future.Austerity Policies evaluates a wide range of changing form of state services and the transformations involving both the recipients and those delivering the services. It considers the past, presentand future of austerity as a policy, and the problems affecting particular groups such as offenders, looked after children, and professionals such as social care workers and those engaged with domestic violence. The collection will be of interest to students and scholars of social policy, criminology, sociology, politics and media studies.

This book critically engages with the contemporary breakdown of trust between Muslim and non-Muslim communities in the West. It argues that a crisis of trust currently hampers intercultural relations and obstructs full participation in citizenship and civil society for those who fall prey to the suspicions of the state and their fellow citizens. This crisis of trust presents a challenge to the plurality of modern societies where religious identities have come to demand an equal recognition and political accommodation which is not consistently awarded across Europe, especially in nations which view themselves as secular, or where Islamic culture is seen as alien. This volume of interdisciplinary essays by leading scholars explores the theme of trust and multiculturalism across a range of perspectives, employing insights from political science, sociology, literature, ethnography and cultural studies. It provides an urgent critical response to the challenging contexts of multiculturalism for Muslims in both Europe and the USA. Taken together, the contributions suggest that the institutionalisation of multiculturalism as a state-led vehicle for tolerance and integration requires a certain type of trustworthy ‘performance'from minority groups, particularly Muslims. Even when this performance is forthcoming, existing discourses of integration and underlying patterns of mistrust can contribute to Muslim alienation on the one hand, and rising Islamophobia on the other.

Through a series of conversations with prominent theorists and leading political activists in different parts of the world, this book explores the causes of the setbacks of both the reformist and revolutionary strategies of the socialist Left. Addressing the larger questions around the agenda(s) of socialism in the era of globalization, the interviewees believe that capitalism is not sustainable in the long run, due largely to its inherent contradictions, and that a post-capitalist social world order is inevitable and attainable. Despite notable differences, what emerges from this collection of voices and perspectives is a unified call to mobilize and organize for radical change through engagement with the various social groups that could play instrumental roles in the transition beyond a capitalist social formation.

Raymond Aron, French scholar, journalist, philosopher, sociologist, and historian, is internationally recognized as one of the great thinkers in the modern social sciences, bringing to contemporary history the insights of both philosophy and social science. This edition focuses on Aron's lifelong attempt to bridge the gap between knowledge and action and to understand the dialectical relationship between history and politics. It is an indispensable introduction to one of the most important thinkers of our century.This volume also contains an introduction by Aron, which presents an autobiographical account of his confrontation with many of the most important ideas of this century. Miriam Bernheim Conant provides perceptive commentary as well as a chronology of Aron's career and works.

Das Buch beleuchtet die aktuellen gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungsbedingungen in der EU in vergleichender Perspektive. Auf der Basis theoretischer Ansätze und umfassender empirischer Befunde werden die Ursachen des weitreichenden gesellschaftlichen Unbehagens der BürgerInnen, zentrale Charakteristika der aktuellen Stimmungslagen in Europa und potentielle Solidaritätseinschränkungen im Zuge der Krise analysiert. Die vorliegende Monographie wurde als Habilitationsschrift an der Universität Salzburg approbiert. Auszüge aus den Gutachten:„Ich wünsche der Arbeit, dass sie die breite Leserschaft erreicht, die sie verdient.“ (Nina Baur, TU Berlin)„Unverkennbar stellt die Arbeit den Versuch eines großen Wurfs dar, analytisch auf der Höhe der Theoriediskussion, methodisch elaboriert und empirisch gehaltvoll.“ (Georg Vobruba, Universität Leipzig)„I am impressed by Aschauer´s knowledge and good use of so many statistical techniques.” (Eldad Davidov, Universität Zürich)

The book provides an overview of key issues in the debate concerning the emergence of active citizenship in Europe.The specific focus of enquiry is the promotion of patterns of civic and political engagement and civic and political participation by the EU and the relative responses drawn by organizations of the civil society operating at the supranational level and in Italy, Turkey and the UK. More specifically, it addresses key debates on the engagement and participation of organized civil society across the permanent state of euro-crisis, considering the production of policy discourses along the continuum that characterized three subsequent and interrelated emergency situations (democratic, financial and migration crises) that have hit Europe since 2005. Active Citizenship in Europe will be of interest to students and scholars in a range of fields, including sociology, politics, European studies and international studies.

This open access book looks at the migration of Southern European EU citizens (from Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece) who move to Northern European Member States (Belgium, France, Germany, United Kingdom) in response to the global economic crisis.Its objective is twofold. First, it identifies the scale and nature of this new Southern European emigration and examines these migrants'socio-economic integration in Northern European destination countries. This is achieved through an analysis of the most recent data on flows and profiles of this new labour force using sending-country and receiving-country databases. Second, it looks at the politics and policies of immigration, both from the perspective of the sending- and receiving-countries. Analysing the policies and debates about these new flows in the home and host countries'this book shows how contentious the issue of intra-EU mobility has recently become in the context of the crisis when the right for EU citizens to movewithin the EU had previously not been questioned for decades. Overall, the strength of this edited volume is that it compiles in a systematic way quantitative and qualitative analysis of these renewed Southern European migration flows and draws the lessons from this changing climate on EU migration.

In Democratization through the Looking-Glass, Peter Burnell provides a revealing image of how our knowledge and understanding of democratization could be improved by viewing the topic through a more multi- disciplinary lens and from the perspective of more broadly based comparative analyses. Burnell and his contributors encourage readers to both'look and think outside of the box,'beyond the limited parameters that usually shape the study of democratization.The goal of Democratization through the Looking-Glass is to pursue a more comprehensive understanding of democratization as a process taking many forms rather than just as a political phenomenon. With a viewpoint from a wider multi-disciplinary stance, and broader global geopolitical knowledge base, the contributors hope to get readers to better recognize and address gaps in the political science literature on the subject of democratization. The contributors seek to do this by specifically: explaining what democratization is while also making sense of the wide variety of experiences undergone by different societies at different times going through this very process; anticipating the wider effects of democratization's consequences for all human conditions at all levels; and critically assessing strategies for extending and deepening democracy by improving its positive qualities and chances of being sustained in societies into which it is introduced.This volume takes readers in the direction of predicting and foretelling the future of democracy and democratization with greater accuracy. In all, Democratization through the Looking-Glass provides a wide-ranging review of themes, issues, and topics concisely written by leading experts in their fields while advancing its case for more inclusive comparative studies covering Europe and North America, as well as developing regions, showing precisely how multi-disciplinary approaches enhance a global vision and understanding of democratization.

The Palgrave Concise Historical Atlas of Eastern Europe is a lucid and authoritative guide to a full understanding of the complicated history of Eastern Europe. Addressing the need for a comprehensive map collection for reference and classroom use, this volume includes fifty two two-colour full page maps which are each accompanied by a facing page of explanatory text to provide a useful aid in physical geography and in an area's political development over time. The maps illustrate key moments in East European history from the Middle Ages to the present, in a way that is immediate and comprehensible. Lecturers and students will find it to be an indispensable and affordable classroom and reference tool, and general readers will enjoy it for its clarity and wealth of information.

This book traces the ancient concept of sanctuary. It examines how the contemporary sanctuary city movement contributes to a hostile asylum regime by holding asylum seekers in a suspended state where rights are indefinitely deferred. At the same time, it explores myriad subversive practices challenging this waiting state.

The contributors assess to what extent regional organizations in Europe and Latin America provide a space for the regulation and provision of social policies in the area of social protection, higher education and health. They analyse the impact of regional organizations on social citizenship following political struggle and contestation.

Once the world's largest ODA provider, contemporary Japan seems much less visible in international development. However, this book demonstrates that Japan, with its own aid philosophy, experiences, and models of aid, has ample lessons to offer to the international community as the latter seeks new paradigms of development cooperation.

A richly transdisciplinary account of some fundamental characteristics of human societies and behaviorIn this book, acclaimed economist Herbert Gintis ranges widely across many fields—including economics, psychology, anthropology, sociology, moral philosophy, and biology—to provide a rigorous transdisciplinary explanation of some fundamental characteristics of human societies and social behavior. Because such behavior can be understood only through transdisciplinary research, Gintis argues, Individuality and Entanglement advances the effort to unify the behavioral sciences by developing a shared analytical framework—one that bridges research on gene-culture coevolution, the rational-actor model, game theory, and complexity theory. At the same time, the book persuasively demonstrates the rich possibilities of such transdisciplinary work.Everything distinctive about human social life, Gintis argues, flows from the fact that we construct and then play social games. Indeed, society itself is a game with rules, and politics is the arena in which we affirm and change these rules. Individuality is central to our species because the rules do not change through inexorable macrosocial forces. Rather, individuals band together to change the rules. Our minds are also socially entangled, producing behavior that is socially rational, although it violates the standard rules of individually rational choice. Finally, a moral sense is essential for playing games with socially constructed rules. People generally play by the rules, are ashamed when they break the rules, and are offended when others break the rules, even in societies that lack laws, government, and jails.Throughout the book, Gintis shows that it is only by bringing together the behavioral sciences that such basic aspects of human behavior can be understood.

Sociology in Portugal provides the first English-language account of the history of sociology in Portugal from 1945 to the present day. Banned by the fascist regime until 1974, the institutionalization of sociology as an academic discipline came relatively late. Understanding academic disciplines as institutionalized struggles over meaning, Filipe Carreira da Silva gives a genealogy of sociology in Portugal from its origins in the political-administrative interstices of a dictatorship, through the'cyclopean moment'of the political revolution of April 1974, which brought about its swift institutionalization and subsequent consolidation in the new democratic regime, to the challenges posed by internationalization since the 1990s. Attempts to define Portugal itself, he demonstrates, have been at the heart of these struggles. Analyzing agents, institutions, contexts, instruments and ideas, Carreira da Silva shows in fascinating detail how the sociological understanding of Portugal evolved from that of a developing society in the 1960s, to that of a modernizing European social formation in the 1980s, to the post-colonial or post-imperial Portugal of today.

Der Islam in Deutschland blickt auf eine über 50jährige Geschichte zurück, die wesentlich auf die Arbeitsmigration aus islamisch geprägten Ländern zurückgeht. Obwohl die Zahl der Muslime und ihre religiösen Organisationen bereits seit den 1970er Jahren stark zugenommen hat, sind islamkonnotierte Themen und Debatten erst zu Beginn der 2000er Jahre zu verzeichnen. Zum einen ist diese Entwicklung im Kontext globaler und europäischer Prozesse zu bewerten. Zum anderen aber auch die Tatsache, dass infolge der quantitativen und qualitativen Relevanz der muslimischen Minorität die Politik den Islam im integrations- und bildungspolitischen Kontext nicht mehr ausblenden konnte. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser ambivalenten Entwicklung hat sich der vorliegende Band zum Ziel gesetzt, eine Bestandsaufnahme der 50jährigen islamischen Geschichte im Kontext der Arbeitsmigration vorzulegen. In fünf zentralen Themenschwerpunkten soll das Leben der Muslime in Deutschland analysiert werden, um ein Gesamtbild zuerarbeiten.

This book is an original application of rhetoric and moral-emotions theory to the sociology of social movements. It promotes a new interdisciplinary vision of what social movements are, why they exist, and how they succeed in attaining momentum over time. Deepening the affective dimension of cultural sociology, this work draws upon the social psychology of human emotion and interpersonal communication. Specifically, the book revolves around the topic of anger as a unique moral emotion that can be made to play crucial motivational and generative functions in protest. The chapters develop a new theory of the emotional power of protest rhetoric, including how abolitionist performances of heterodoxic racial and gender status imaginaries contributed to the escalation of the ‘sectional conflict'over American slavery.

‘Through a series of excellent essays this volume uses concrete ethnographic analyses of memory practices in different parts of the globe to offer theoretical reflections on how memory shapes and is shaped by mobility in time and space.'- Marianne Hirsch, Columbia University, USA‘Memories on the Move is a brilliant edited volume that fills an important gap in the field of memory studies as it weaves together issues of mobility and remembering. Drawing on fine-grained ethnographical cases, it offers a rich and complex portrait of mnemonic constructions in the context of forced migration, exile and transnationalism. It is clearly a must-read for anthropologists, sociologists, historians and political scientists as well as for all scholars interested in the contemporary dynamics of memory, identity and mobility.'– David Berliner, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium‘This thought-provoking volume disentangles, ethnographically, the complexity of meaning-making practices of memory/forgetting in various contexts of (im)mobility.'- Noel B. Salazar, University of Leuven, BelgiumBringing together vivid ethnographic material, this book opens up a timely conversation between memory and mobility/migration studies. It goes beyond the idea of the nation state as the primary unit of analysis to explore how people on the move use different forms and media of remembering to make sense of their lives and act as political subjects. Investigating when and by what means people on the move remember and communicate memories in the context of various forms of (im)mobility, the authors examine photographs, films, the reinhabiting of pre-exilic homes, pseudo-historical performances, transgenerational mnemonic gatherings and transnational political activism. This edited collection will appeal to scholars of anthropology, sociology, political science, human geography, history and oral history.

This book is about ethnic diversity in voluntary organizations and seeks to explain whether intergroup contact contributes to the development of generalized trust. It relies on a novel multilevel design and data from Amsterdam in which 40 voluntary organizations and 463 participants have been sampled. Contrary to conventional wisdom, this book argues that cognitive processes are contributing more toward the evaluation of strangers or generalized trust than interethnic contact. Since trusting unknown people is essentially a risky endeavor, this suggests that participants of both association types who report trusting strangers can afford to do so, because they are better educated, have a more positive worldview, and have had fewer negative life experiences. That is to say, they are socially more successful and view their future as more promising. Previous findings are inconclusive since most studies that conclude diversity has led to less generalized trust do not include interethnic contact directly in their analyses. These studies also downplay the importance of cognitive processes, which may shape generalized trust. What is more, people join ethnically diverse civic groups, because they already have more trustful attitudes, rather than learning to trust through interethnic contact. Despite the recent multiculturalist backlash, this book demonstrates that participation in ethno-national organizations does not pose a threat to social cohesion. The analysis in this book serves to build a general theory of trust that moves beyond emphasizing interaction between people who are different from each other, but one that includes the importance of cognition.

This book explains the transformation of the nation into a cosmonation (or multisite nation) through the reunification of the homeland with its diaspora. The book elaborates on how the mechanisms of linkages, connections, and networking interact to form distributed sites of homeland and diaspora into a cosmonation and how diasporans in different units of such a crossborder social formation, wherever they relocate, relate to each other. The ensemble thereby functions as a cultural and political collectivity manifested through cultural traditions, inter-site familial, institutional, and associational ties, transnational solidarity, and reverence for the ancestral homeland.

This open access book presents a comparative analysis of intergroup relations and migrant integration at the neighbourhood level in Europe. Featuring a unique collection of portraits of urban relations between the majority population and immigrant minorities, it examines how relations are structured and evolve in different and increasingly diverse local societies. Inside, readers will find a coordinated set of ethnographic studies conducted in eleven neighbourhoods of five European cities: London, Barcelona, Budapest, Nuremberg, and Turin. The wide-ranging coverage encompasses post-industrial districts struggling to counter decline, vibrant super-diverse areas, and everything in between. Featuring highly contextualised, cross-disciplinary explorations presented within a solid comparative framework, this book considers such questions as: Why does the native-immigrant split become a tense boundary in some neighbourhoods of some European cities but not in others? To what extent are ethnically framed conflicts driven by site-specific factors or instead by broader, exogenous ones? How much does the structure of urban spaces count in fuelling inter-ethnic tensions and what can local policy communities do to prevent this? The answers it provides are based on a multi-layer approach which combines in-depth analysis of intergroup relations with a strong attention towards everyday categorization processes, media representations, and narratives on which local policies are based. Even though the relations between the majority and migrant minorities are a central topic, the volume also offers readers a broader perspective of social and urban transformation in contemporary urban settings. It provides insightful research on migration and urban studies as well as social dynamics that scholars and students around the world will find relevant. In addition, policy makers will find evidence-based and practically relevant lessons for the governance of increasingly diverse and mobile societies.

This volume examines philanthropic practices against the backdrop of the continuities, disruptions and changes in twentieth century German socio-political relations. It presents a differentiated understanding of the relationship between philanthropy and civil society that traces this connection from Germany's first democracy, the Weimar Republic, through the Nazi dictatorship and Soviet-style rule in Communist East Germany to the stable democracy of the Federal Republic of Germany. While concentrating on Germany, this volume places German philanthropy in a triangular relationship with the United States and the developing world, primarily through Africa. In particular, the contributions to the book demonstrate that despite many transatlantic exchanges between German and American philanthropic organizations, these relationships should not be reduced to bilateral exchanges but rather seen in the context of a globalizing world. More generally, this transnational study is a reminder that philanthropic activities need to be placed into their specific historical contexts. Such an analytical framework allows for more dynamic understanding of the meaning of philanthropy in society, illustrating both enduring and changing practices.

Tracing the evolution of French sociology from the early twentieth century to the present day, this insightful book brings to the fore the renowned origins but relatively slow development of the discipline in France. Divided into four chronological sections it focuses on the social changes and institutional transformations that have impacted on the history of sociology in France as it relates to both higher education and research. In doing so, it draws attention to three major features of French sociology: the imbalance between theory and method caused by its philosophical roots, the difficulty of locating it in relation to other disciplines, and the close links between sociology and political thought and action.

Diese Studie zeigt, welche Erwartungen und Wünsche die Bürger in Baden-Württemberg an Kommunikation und Beteiligung bei Energieprojekten haben und was diese für Kommunikatoren aus Wirtschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft bedeuten. Die Diskussion über die Energiewende und die dafür notwendige Infrastruktur ist in vollem Gange. Für Entscheidungsträger und Verantwortliche aus Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft ist der Zwang zum Handeln spürbar. Die Akzeptanz der Bevölkerung gilt als Notwendigkeit und kann doch nicht per se vorausgesetzt werden. Kommunikation wird dabei oftmals als Erfolgsfaktor, bisweilen aber auch als Hemmnis angesehen.

The book examines South African history and society from a variety of comparative perspectives. It brings together work by scholars based in South Africa, USA and the UK to reflect on the nature and evolution of what was considered for a long time a unique society. Drawing on studies of social, political and intellectual processes elsewhere, the authors seek to place South African developments in a broader context that sheds light on their specific features as well as global relevance.

Fundamental societal changes in the globalising European countryside impact women's migration decisions. The chapters in this volume represent diverse attempts to explain women's movements from rural areas, taking prevailing labour market conditions as well as gender relations into account. Utilising empirical findings from countries including Austria, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain, this collection particularly aims to build bridges between research following the'cultural turn'and functionalist explanations which refer to material and practiced ruralities. The international range of contributors to Women and Migration in Rural Europe focus on societal constructions of gender and rurality, and in doing so, address various female perspectives on rural life. The analysis of the different working and living conditions in different parts of rural Europe reveals distinct obstacles but also prospects for young women. Importantly, the book includes policy implications withrespect to the challenges of demographic change, questions of gender equality and women's contribution to rural development.