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The clearest and most up-to-date account of the achievements—and setbacks—of the European Union since 1945.Europe has been transformed since the Second World War. No longer a checkerboard of entirely sovereign states, the continent has become the largest single-market area in the world, with most of its members ceding certain economic and political powers to the central government of the European Union. This shift is the product of world-historical change, but the process is not well understood. The changes came in fits and starts. There was no single blueprint for reform; rather, the EU is the result of endless political turmoil and dazzling bureaucratic gymnastics. As Brexit demonstrates, there are occasional steps backward, too. Cutting through the complexity, Richard Pomfret presents a uniquely clear and comprehensive analysis of an incredible achievement in economic cooperation.The Economic Integration of Europe follows all the major steps in the creation of the single market since the postwar establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community. Pomfret identifies four stages of development: the creation of a customs union, the deepening of economic union with the Single Market, the years of monetary union and eastward expansion, and, finally, problems of consolidation. Throughout, he details the economic benefits, costs, and controversies associated with each step in the evolution of the EU. What lies ahead? Pomfret concludes that, for all its problems, Europe has grown more prosperous from integration and is likely to increase its power on the global stage.

This book provides a multilevel system analysis of performance in the production of global public goods, as well as a tailored analysis of the specific features of performance management systems in international organizations. The book compares performance management systems across a number of international organizations, including the European Union and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

Eine erstmals steigende Wahlbeteiligung, eine deutliche Veränderung der Mehrheitsverhältnisse und großer Streit um das Spitzenkandidaten-Verfahren: Die Europawahl 2019 war bewegt wie wenige zuvor. Dieses Buch bietet eine Analyse ihrer zahlreichen Facetten. Schwerpunkte liegen hierbei auf den europäischen Parteien und den Veränderungen in der Parteienlandschaft, der Rolle der Spitzenkandidaten, der öffentlichen Auseinandersetzung, der Wahlbeteiligung und dem Wahlverhalten sowie einem Ausblick auf das neue Parlament. Über Analysen der Europaforschung hinaus sind Perspektiven aus unterschiedlichen Subdisziplinen der (vergleichenden) Politikwissenschaft wie der Wahl-, Parteien-, Kommunikations- oder Regierungsforschung vertreten.Die Herausgeber•innenDr. Michael Kaeding ist Jean Monnet Professor für Europäische Integration und Europapolitik am Institut für Politikwissenschaft der Universität Duisburg-Essen, Visiting Fellow am European Institute of Public Administration (EIPA) in Maastricht und lehrt am Europakolleg in Brügge und an der Türkisch-Deutschen Universität in Istanbul.Manuel Müller ist wissenschaftlicher Referent der Geschäftsführung am Institut für Europäische Politik in Berlin und Betreiber des Blogs „Der (europäische) Föderalist“.Dr. Julia Schmälter ist Europawissenschaftlerin und wissenschaftliche Referentin im Bereich für Europäische und internationale Zusammenarbeit (Strategien, Instrumente, Monitoring) am DLR Projektträger.

Against the backdrop of combating the financial and economic crisis in the European Union for the past decade, this volume strives to explore the manifold impacts the prevailing crisis management has on the further alignment of European Integration. The efforts targeted at overcoming the financial and economic crisis evoked far-reaching consequences on the societal, economic, and political level within European member states, which in turn challenge the institutional alignment, democratic legitimacy and economic coherence of the European Union. Taking into account current developments in the EU, the contributions presented in this volume focus on the ‘fault lines'in the integration process, i.e. questions of policy coherence, democratic accountability, financialization, militarization, migration, gendered social and economic asymmetries as well as the rise of populist and extreme right-wing parties. The volume focuses on how these different developments come together by relating aspects of transdisciplinary research to uncover the fault lines in the European integration project in the subsequent chapters. ContentEconomic and Democratic Governance • Right Wing Populism and Right Extreme Parties • Financialization and Militarization • Social Exclusion, Welfare and Migration Policies EditorsProf. (FH) Dr. Stefanie Wöhl, University of Applied Sciences BFI Vienna. Prof. (FH) Dr. Elisabeth Springler, University of Applied Sciences BFI Vienna. Mag. Martin Pachel, University of Applied Sciences BFI Vienna. Dr. Bernhard Zeilinger, University of Applied Sciences BFI Vienna.

This unique collection of data includes concise definitions and explanations relating to all aspects of the European Union. It explains the terminology surrounding the EU, and outlines the roles and significance of its institutions, member countries, foreign relations, programmes and policies, treaties and personalities. It contains over 1,000 clear and succinct definitions and explains acronyms and abbreviations, which are arranged alphabetically and fully cross-referenced.Among the 1,000 entries you can find explanations of and background details on: ACP states Article 50 Brexit competition policy Donald Tusk the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund the euro Greece Jean-Claude Juncker Europol migration and asylum policy the Schengen Agreement the Single Supervisory Mechanism the single rulebook the Treaty of Lisbon Ukraine

Europa befindet sich im dauerhaften Krisenmodus: Nationalismen, Brexit und scheinbar unüberbrückbare Differenzen in Fragen der Migration, der Reform der Eurozone und der Verbesserung seiner globalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit gefährden den Zusammenhalt der Union. Gleichzeitig wächst der Druck von außen durch Russland und China, die Entwicklungen an der südlichen Peripherie und nicht zuletzt in den USA. Mit Trumps Wahl zerfällt nicht nur Deutschlands außenpolitisches Koordinatensystem, sondern die liberale internationale Ordnung wird insgesamt auf den Kopf gestellt. Vor diesem Hintergrund plädiert Stefan Fröhlich in diesem politischen Essay für eine Neubewertung der deutschen Rolle in Europa und der Welt: Deutschlands Außenpolitik ist besser als ihr Ruf. Das Land hat in den vergangenen Jahren mit zahlreichen Tabus längst gebrochen und Führung in Europa übernommen. Auch deswegen klingen die Vorwürfe derer geradezu zynisch, die unverändert die deutsche Selbstgefälligkeit beklagen, andererseits sich selbst zunehmend Führung und globaler Verantwortung entziehen.

This book explores the viability of future UK-EU internal security arrangements in light of Brexit, including their impact on the UK's and the EU's security and international standings. The authors discuss on-going negotiations and address the main political and legal concerns of possible future arrangements. As the UK prepares to leave the EU, the country is faced with having to develop new cooperation models with its neighbours to fight growing transnational security threats, as well as new strategies to maintain its leading role as an international security actor. In exploring these issues, the book aims to contribute to the general knowledge on the risks and opportunities associated with the disentanglement of the UK from European internal security cooperation; to shed more light on the debates surrounding the negotiations; and to inform the policy discussions that form the basis of proposed cooperation models and that are likely to significantly shape the future UK-EU security relationship.

Britain's 2016 vote to leave the EU was the most momentous democratic decision ever made in British history. No development since the Second World War is likely to have more far-reaching consequences for the British economy, society, politics and culture. Some predict it will lead eventually to the break-up of the UK, others to the end of the EU, others to an enhanced likelihood of war in Europe and beyond. The vote to leave took just a single day, but the decision to call the referendum followed several months of agonising in No. 10, while the ground for Britain's departure was sown over many, many years. When Britain entered the EU in 1973, it was known as'the sick man of Europe'. When it voted to leave in 2016, it had the fastest-growing economy in the G7,and it was both the world's top soft power and one of its most creative and tolerant nations. Why have we risked all this? Ask the guilty men, who, for reasons of personal gain, misplaced ideology or sheer folly, have jeopardised all our futures.

How successful was the EU's Lisbon Strategy? This volume provides the first comprehensive assessment of the Strategy and reflects on its key developments during its 10-year cycle. The volume contains both theoretical and empirical contributions by some of the leading scholars of EU studies across the social sciences.

This book advances a novel interpretation of EU governance. Its central claim is that the EU's regulatory successes within-and increasingly beyond-its borders rest on the emergence of a recursive process of framework rule making and revision by European and national actors across a wide range of policy domains. In this architecture, framework goals and measures for gauging their achievement are established by joint action of the Member States and EU institutions. Lower-level units are given the freedom to advance these ends as they see fit. But in return for this autonomy, they must report regularly on their performance and participate in a peer review in which their results are compared with those of others pursuing different means to the same general ends. The framework goals, performance measures, and decision-making procedures are themselves periodically revised by the actors, including new participants whose views come to be seen as indispensable to full and fair deliberation. The editors'introduction sets out the core features of this experimentalist architecture and contrasts it to conventional interpretations of EU governance, especially the principal-agent conceptions underpinning many contemporary theories of democratic sovereignty and effective, legitimate law making. Subsequent chapters by an interdisciplinary group of European and North American scholars explore the architecture's applicability across a series of key policy domains, including data privacy, financial market regulation, energy, competition, food safety, GMOs, environmental protection, anti-discrimination, fundamental rights, justice and home affairs, and external relations. Their authoritative studies show both how recent developments often take an experimentalist turn but also admit of multiple, contrasting interpretations or leave open the possibility of reversion to more familiar types of governance. The results will be indispensable for all those concerned with the nature of the EU and its contribution to contemporary governance beyond the nation-state.

This book shows that the executive branch of government has added a supranational level, namely the European Commission, that increasingly seems to operate independently from national governments. Case studies illuminate how a genuine Union administration might evolve.

European governance ranks high on the present research agenda on Europe and has attracted considerable attention in public debate in the course of the past decade. This book takes a special approach as it highlights the multi-faceted interconnectedness of EU and national governance that comes with public policy making in the European space. The volume is a well chosen selection from the research of leading European scholars. These scholars provide an insight into the current debate on European governance by using state-of-the art, theory-orientated empirical research. The individual chapters give evidence of the functioning and the deficiencies of the penetrated system of governance that has emerged within the European Union. The spreading of competence across different levels and multiple arenas has created a dense and complex network of trans-national negotiations, shifting attention and resources from the national to the European space. European governance puts national governments under considerable pressure to live up to the competing demands of efficient performance and democratic accountability. Though member-states all face the same challenge, they have responded with different kinds of strategies. EU involvement has contributed to the restructuring of the relationship between the legislative and the executive and touches upon the equilibrium between the political and the economic sphere. It influences the interactions between political actors on the one hand and societal actors and the public on the other. The contributions highlight the diverse mechanisms which link EU and national governance and demonstrate the constraints but also the readiness and capacity of political bodies to adapt to demands from their environment. While the volume documents the sensitivity and vulnerability which is associated with interdependent governance, it also gives evidence of learning processes and successful adjustment which is achieved by developing a differentiated and flexible intitutional setting and which allows for further integration. Apart from this more functional view, individual chapters look at the penetrated system of European governance from a normative perspective and investigate the prospect of improving parliamentary accountability and the formation of a European public space.

Rethinking Europe's Future is a major reevaluation of Europe's prospects as it enters the twenty-first century. David Calleo has written a book worthy of the complexity and grandeur of the challenges Europe now faces. Summoning the insights of history, political economy, and philosophy, he explains why Europe was for a long time the world's greatest problem and how the Cold War's bipolar partition brought stability of a sort. Without the Cold War, Europe risks revisiting its more traditional history. With so many contingent factors--in particular Russia and Europe's Muslim neighbors--no one, Calleo believes, can pretend to predict the future with assurance. Calleo's book ponders how to think about this future. The book begins by considering the rival''lessons''and trends that emerge from Europe's deeper past. It goes on to discuss the theories for managing the traditional state system, the transition from autocratic states to communitarian nation states, the enduring strength of nation states, and their uneasy relationship with capitalism. Calleo next focuses on the Cold War's dynamic legacies for Europe--an Atlantic Alliance, a European Union, and a global economy. These three systems now compete to define the future. The book's third and major section examines how Europe has tried to meet the present challenges of Russian weakness and German reunification. Succeeding chapters focus on Maastricht and the Euro, on the impact of globalization on Europeanization, and on the EU's unfinished business--expanding into''Pan Europe,''adapting a hybrid constitution, and creating a new security system. Calleo presents three models of a new Europe--each proposing a different relationship with the U.S. and Russia. A final chapter probes how a strong European Union might affect the world and the prospects for American hegemony. This is a beautifully written book that offers rich insight into a critical moment in our history, whose outcome will shape the world long after our time.

The relationship between the European Union and its member states is complex and continually evolving. This book seeks to explore not only the nature of this relationship, but the broader implications of European integration for the ways in which politics in Europe is studied. It addresses three major questions. How has European integration affected national politics and public policies? To what extent has the existence of the EU challenged existing approaches to the study of national politics? How appropriate is it to attempt to study the EU using the analytical tools traditionally used to study nation states? The intention is to consider the impact of European integration both on the nature and the study of politics in western Europe. These questions are addressed by a group of distinguished academics from both Europe and North America. Their findings will be of great interest to all those interested in the European Union and in West European politics more generally.

This book i sone of two volumes in which leading scholars examine the way in which EU member states co-ordinate their European policies. Eschewing the'Europeanisation'problematic within which the issue is usually adressed, this book adopts a broader, more inclusive approach. It examines domestic processes and investigates co-ordination in ten member states - Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom - looking at co-ordinating ambitions, the actors involved in EU policy making, and the structures and processes by which policy is made. From a comparative perspective, the book identifies and assesses the impact of the influiences that have shaped systems of national co-ordination - the demands exerted by Union membership, the instituional structure of the national polity, the pre-existing balance between domestic institutions, administrative norms and values, and attitudes, both popular and elite, the European integration. It assesses the extent to which there has been a convergent response to the administrative challenges posed by membership on the part of the member states or whether a pattern of divergence emerges. The effectiveness of member states in influencing policy outcomes at the European level is also addressed. The companion volume answers similar questions about national administrations in Brussels. Looking at twelve member states, it is the first systematic examination of the role played by Permanent Representations in national EU policy making.