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Prebiotic carbohydrates are one of the most interesting and challenging developments in nutrition in recent years because they can be easily included in the diet. There is a strong evidence of the beneficial effect of prebiotics in humans, namely the ability to stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, the increase of the short chain fatty acids production that results in a decrease of the blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels and an increase in insulin sensitivity that can prevent inflammatory bowel disease. This book reports a comprehensive study about the potentiality of Supercritical Fluid Technology to replace traditional fractionation and purification steps.