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This book seeks to showcase the ongoing challenges of water resource and its management through innovative and cutting-edge approaches (flooding and droughts and their respective impacts; spatial and urban planning; early warning systems; estimation of losses; water resource in the age of global climate change; risk communication; meteorology; integrated analysis; risk mitigation; infrastructures; nature-based management; watershed management; transport; legal assessment; vulnerability analysis; public participation; or case studies). In the face of current global changes, the availability and quality of water resources are under severe threat. Indeed, in all sectors related to water resource management, sustainable development is important for present and future generations. Indeed, multiple problems such as water shortage or flooding, as well as environmental pollution phenomena, are observed. This situation is further exacerbated by poor management practices and unsustainable extraction of water for various consumptive uses. Consequently, many regions around the world, particularly urban areas, are becoming water stressed and conflicts over access to water are becoming ever more common. To overcome the significant challenges fundamental to the management of water resources, cutting-edge knowledge, innovative approaches, and an in-depth understanding of the inherent scientific, economic, social, and environmental issues are imperative. Therefore, water resource management requires a clear understanding of the ongoing challenges and innovative approaches. The authors and editors believe that this book provides huge knowledge and data in the fields of water resource management, earth environmental sciences, humanities, and social sciences, which target a diverse range of readers, such as academics, scientists, students, environmentalists, meteorologists, urban planners, remote sensing, and GIS experts.

This book offers perspectives on more productive, sustainable and resilient modes of agriculture. The chapters highlight successful, evidence-based local and regional practices across the globe that are resulting in more sustainable and viable methods of farming, particularly important within the context of weather variability and climate change. The efficient use of weather and climate services for agricultural applications are fundamental to these efforts. In the past, weather and climate services have not been used to their fullest potential for developing sustainable agriculture. But now more than ever, as this book documents, agrometeorology is an essential tool for current and future food production and security around the world. This book offers strategic recommendations for strengthening the role and availability of agrometeorological services around the globe.

This book discusses state-of-the-art techniques for ecosystem service valuation of forests, rivers, wetlands, lakes and coastal ecosystems, for their sustainable development and management. An ecosystem service valuation can be used to address environmental degradation of natural resources. Numerous natural and man-made factors like climate change, pollution, encroachment, and over-exploitation, have put ecosystems under threat worldwide. These ecosystems provide a lot of services to human beings but many of these services are not taken into account in the market prices for products and services, and their ecological functions are not economically valued. The valuation of these ecosystems'services will help to shed light on their sustainable management. This book offers a fresh and innovative resource that captures the latest advancements, addresses emerging challenges, and propels the field forward, making it a must-have for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. This book is also useful for stakeholders to achieve United Nations'Sustainable Development Goals 6 (Sustainability of water resources) and 13 (Climate action). The most relevant target audiences are hydrologists, hydrogeologists, environmental scientists, ecologists, biologists, and academicians. This book can be useful to post-graduate students, researchers, academicians, policy makers, NGOs in these fields. It also appeals to professionals in the fields of urban planning, agriculture, forestry, water resources management and environmental policy.

This volume analyses the energy industry for the following geographical units: America – divided into North America (Canada + USA) and Central and South America –, the Middle East and South Asia, East Asia and Oceania. The key energy-economic indicators for each region and country and their development, are illustrated in numerous graphs and energy flow diagrams. Based on this analysis, the author recommends a distribution of emission reductions necessary to limit climate change (for the 2°C and 1.5°C climate goals, with a perspective up to 2050).The continents covered in this volume collectively account for 77% of emissions. Europe + Eurasia and Africa will be addressed in volume I.

This book, through its 19 chapters, highlights success stories, research outputs and various government schemes and actions taken on groundwater recharge and rainwater harvesting in developing countries. The interventions are focused on resolving water crises through supply side interventions, improving water quality and addressing climate change impacts. The contributions from across the globe shows how these approaches have been successful in supplementing potable water supply, reducing the intensity of overexploitation of groundwater resources, better storm water management, intensifying treated grey water reuse, and improving groundwater quality and environmental flows. The chapters deal with a wide array of issues, from local-scale experimentation and management to government schemes adopted, community involvement, private sector engagement, addressing socio-economic issues and policy interventions. The book includes contributions made by researchers, government departments, civil societies, policymakers and practitioners from 15 Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and other developing countries, namely Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Chile, Colombia, Egypt, Guatemala, India, Jordan, Morocco, Nigeria, Palestine, Qatar, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Tunisia. The book places before the readers, the strives being undertaken in the Global South to address the sustainability of water resources and climate change adaptation through traditional and innovative methods to groundwater recharge, water harvesting and storage.

This book contains the peer-reviewed papers that were accepted and presented at the 2023 13th International Conference on Environmental Science and Engineering (ICESE 2023), held in Leuven, Belgium, September 8–10, 2023. The conference provides a forum for researchers and practitioners to address advances in the field of environmental science and engineering including problems, solutions, and research directions. The contents of the book cover emerging and diverse topics, including environmental systems approach, clean technologies, environmental restoration and ecological engineering, wastewater and sludge treatment, climate and climatic changes, atmospheric modeling and numerical prediction, waste minimization, recycling and reuse, solid waste management, carbon capture and storage, and sludge treatment and reuse.

This book provides a compilation of basic information on the topic of the Patagonian Shelfbreak front, but integrally reanalyzes this under modern paradigms. The book provides a synthesis of the ecosystem characteristics, encompassing physical and chemical oceanography, plankton, nekton and benthos communities, fisheries and conservation issues. It provides hypothesis to guide future research, and recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders. Fronts play key roles in marine ecosystems, and shelfbreak fronts are ubiquitous elsewhere in the world ocean, broadening the interest of our proposal. The Patagonian shelfbreak front is a hot spot of marine life, with several associated fisheries and intensive use by marine birds and mammals. This book will contribute to fill the information gap of the Southwestern Atlantic, a region where there is a growing interest in terms of conservation and management actions. Its primary audience are researchers and postgraduate students, being also relevant for conservation scientists and resource managers.

This book will help policy makers, university students, and the general public understand how the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is intended to work, and how it can be used to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in order to combat global warming. Unlike all other books on NEPA, this book focuses on the global warming problem in terms of thermodynamics and entropy. It explains how NEPA can help combat global warming by operationalizing the “energy requirements and conservation potential” analysis requirement in the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations, 40 CFR 1502.16 (a)(7), and it puts the past, present, and future of the NEPA statute, the CEQ regulations, and energy analysis requirements all in one easy to find, portable place. It will be an excellent resource for university students and teachers, policy analysts, and those members of the public that want to know all about the NEPA Process. As a third edition, the book contains new analysis on the amended NEPA statute (2023) and revised CEQ regulations (2024), CEQ's January 9, 2023 interim guidance on how to incorporate GHG emissions into NEPA documents, the social costs of carbon, the long-term strategy of the United States to get to net-zero GHG by 2050, assessing climate risk in NEPA reviews, and the link between energy requirements analysis required by 40 CFR 1502.16 (a) (7) and reduced GHG emissions.

This book presents information on common-to-rare organisms from around the world that inhabit freshwater habitats. The first six chapters focus on organisms from the very small (e.g., protozoa, zooplankton, and fairy shrimp) to the huge (e.g., hippos, freshwater sharks, and giant turtles), while the last four chapters provide information on aquatic ecosystems (lakes, streams, caves, and wetlands). Included in this last section are the physical nature of the system and how that influences the kinds of animals living there. This unique “nature” book, incorporating information from around the world on both aquatic systems and organisms, is written to attract the interest of a wide group of non-academic readers.

This book focuses on the impact of climate change on India, addressing environmental problems and conducting an analysis of the climate change impact on mitigation processes. It examines crucial factors such as soil capability, soil erosion, soil salinity, and watershed planning, as well as the influence of climate change on water resources, including groundwater. The book explores the interconnections between climate change, soil erosion, natural resources, and agricultural practices, emphasizing their direct or indirect effects on water, vegetation, irrigation planning, and the environment.Furthermore, it delves into various aspects of soil erosion, soil compaction, soil nutrients, aquifers, and the impact of climate change on vegetation, crops, pests, moisture, and sustainable yield. These factors contribute to the development of climate change-related factors within the agricultural sector, ultimately fostering sustainable development and management practices for the future. The book also highlights the significance of parameters such as land use change analysis, rainfall, water resources, crop yield, sustainable agricultural development, pest management, and disease control in accurately assessing the impact of climate change. The insights gained from these analyses can inform future development and planning strategies. Therefore, this book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, NGOs, and academics interested in understanding the impact of climate change on natural resources and ecological systems.

This book consists of selected and presented papers from the 2022 12th International Conference on Environment Science and Engineering (ICESE 2022), which was held in Beijing, China, during September 2–5, 2022. The conference brought together innovative academicians and industrial experts in the field of environmental science and engineering in a common forum to promote their research and developmental activities. It also facilitated interchanging scientific information between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working abroad. The book includes topics such as environmental sustainability, sustainable cities, environmental restoration and ecological engineering, water resources and river basin management, water treatment and reclamation, air pollution and control, atmospheric physics, carbon capture and storage, waste minimization, and resource management, among others. This book is a valuable reference for those who work in these fields in academia and industry.

Analysiert werden die aktuellen Kennzahlen aus der Energiewirtschaft für die geographischen Einheiten Amerika – unterteilt in Nordamerika (Kanada + USA) sowie Mittel- und Südamerika –, Nahost und Südasien sowie Ostasien und Ozeanien. Die wichtigsten energiewirtschaftlichen Indikatoren der einzelnen Regionen und Länder und deren Entwicklung werden in zahlreichen Grafiken und Energieflussdiagrammen veranschaulicht. Darauf basierend empfiehlt der Autor eine Verteilung der zur Begrenzung des Klimawandels notwendigen Emissionsreduktion (für Klimaziel 2 °C und 1,5 °C, mit Perspektive bis 2050).Die in diesem Band behandelten Erdteile verursachen zusammen 77% der Emissionen. Europa + Eurasien sowie Afrika werden in einem weiteren Band behandelt.

This book describes the environment in Galicia (NW Spain), with researchers and professors presenting their own photographs of relevant aspects. This richly illustrated book explains atmospheric, geologic, water, soils, landscapes, and environmental issues and treatments for a broad audience, including students and the general public, to raise awareness and effectively develop strategies to meet the Sustainable Development Goals.

The International Conference on Water, Energy, and Environment for Sustainability (IC-WEES) 2022 is a flagship conference of National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Pakistan. With the growing global concerns about environmental degradation, depletion of freshwater resources, and climate change-induced disasters, this year the IC-WEES is focused on climate change, water, environment, and disaster risk reduction (DRR) and their interrelationship with each other. Given the continuous evolution of contemporary scientific research work, it is progressively encouraging that there must be strong collaboration between experts, researchers, and research sharing platforms. Believing in this, the IC-WEES 2022 aims to bring expert individuals and diverse research groups to exchange and share R&D updates and discuss sustainable solutions to challenges in climate change, DRR, environment and water resources management, and respective nexuses between these fields. The conference proceedings consists of multi-disciplinary topics on the themes. As with every passing day, the climate change impacts are becoming visible, there is a dire need to understand the complex inter-relationships of climate changes, environment, water, and energy nexuses in order to lead to more sustainable solutions for our future generations. Our region is presently suffering from unprecedented heat waves, and prospective readers will be quite curious to know about the latest researches being carried out in this region with regard to environment, climate change, and water in order to reduce the disaster risks the continent is likely to face in near future.

This book is a comprehensive resource on lightning and describes the unique roles which the state of Arizona has with regard to lightning. Not only is it spectacular, it is also admired, feared, and misunderstood, but its knowledge has come of age in the last two decades.This book describes why Arizona can be called the “Lightning Photography Capital of the U.S.”, how the general public and Native Americans in Arizona have viewed lightning, and when and where lightning occurs and impacts people and resources in Arizona. It contains summaries of interviews with current and former University of Arizona staff who invented real-time lightning detection in the late 1970s and how subsequent lightning research in Arizona has been globally significant. The authors are very well acquainted with and up to date on these topics. The style of this book is active and somewhat scholarly but readable by the nonprofessional with a general interest in lightning.What is lightning? How does lightning affect Arizona? Why do photographers come to Arizona for lightning photographs? What is unique about Arizona lightning? How is lightning detected in Arizona and around the world? This book tells you answers to these questions.This book is intended for a broad audience comprised of visitors, interested lay public, a variety of scientific disciplines, media, medicine, lightning safety, and fire weather. It is suitable for readers desiring a general overview of lightning, especially in Arizona, but also for those who want to know specifically about the topic.

This book provides viewpoints on a cross-sectoral, multiscale assessment of food and livelihood security in changing climate, the main global threats of the 21st century. Climate change, directly and indirectly, influences several aspects of food security, primarily in the farming and livestock sectors. The farming sector is the main source of income and employment for about 70% of the Himalayan populace. However, there has been no such study that has comprehensively covered these aspects.Additionally, the book offers critical mitigation measures to adapt to climate change and other uncertainties. The agricultural diversities and livelihood security in the Himalayan region will be sustainable only if farmers applied suggested mitigation measures correctly.This title is appropriate for postgraduates and research scholars of social sciences, environmental sciences, and agricultural sciences. Regional planners, government officers, NGOs, and many other people who are interested in the Himalayan region as well as local communities will be also beneficial.

Sie kennen vielleicht das Gefühl: Sie lesen eine Aussage zum Klimawandel und eine Minute später das genaue Gegenteil. Was ist nun wahr? Wie kann ich als Laie oder Fachfremder mitdiskutieren und Argumente finden, ohne selbst Fake News zu verbreiten? Man findet Bücher, die den Klimawandel erklären, und solche, die ihm äußerst kritisch gegenüberstehen. Die Klimawandel FAQs bieten Ihnen erstmals eine systematische, umfassende und wertende Gegenüberstellung beider Seiten - Ablehnung des Klimawandels ebenso wie Klimaforschung - und geben passend abgestufte Werkzeuge an die Hand.Wir erklären, wie man Denkfehler und Manipulationstechniken erkennen, ihnen begegnen und seine Meinung vertreten kann, und beantworten dabei folgende Fragen:- Gibt es überhaupt eine globale Erwärmung?- Ist die Erwärmung natürlich oder wird sie vom Menschen verursacht?- Wäre die Erwärmung nicht eigentlich ganz praktisch?

This book presents a variety of climate change impact and mitigation strategies for different environments in India. These include fractional snow cover change in the Himalayan region, and the impact of frequent cyclonic storms on land use and land cover changes along coastal areas. The book explores watershed, surface water, and hydrologic conditions for urban storm water drainage, as well as trend analysis of precipitation, and a statistical approach to detect rainfall trends.The book starts with a critical review of climate change diplomacy, adaptation and mitigation strategies in South Asian countries. It also covers the role of natural gas in energy security. There are chapters pertaining to farmer's perception on the impact of climate change, as well discussion on land use change and ecological implications. Many geographical areas are covered including; the Mahananda River Basin, Pindar Basin, Kumaun Himalaya, the Upper Tapi River Basin, Southern Kerala Districts, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka State, Telangana State, Tamil Nadu State, to name a few.

This book is aimed at description of recent progress in radiative transfer, atmospheric remote sensing, snow optics, and light scattering. Light scattering/ radiative transfer and atmospheric optics research community will greatly benefit from the publication of this book.

This edited book summarizes numerous research studies on remote sensing and GIS of natural resource management for the Himalaya region done by Indian Institutions and Universities over the last decade. It gives an overview of hydrometeorological studies on Himalayan water resources and addresses concerns in the development of water resources in this region, which is dealing with an increased pressure in population, industrialization and economic development. While the source of some of the major rivers of India are found in the Himalayas, the glaciers and water bodies in the region are continuously shrinking leading to a depletion of water and deterioration of water quality. This is affecting a population of up to 2.5 billion people. The ecosystems have been under threat due to deforestation, loss of biodiversity, expansion of agriculture and settlement, overexploitation of natural resources, habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, mining, construction of roads and large dams, and unplanned tourism. Spaceborne remote sensing with its ability to provide synoptic and repetitive coverage has emerged as a powerful tool for assessment and monitoring of the Himalayan resources and phenomena. This work serves as a resource to students, researchers, scientists, professionals, and policy makers both in India and on a global level.

This proceedings book focuses on advanced technologies to monitor and model urban soils, vegetation and climate, including internet of things, remote sensing, express and non-destructive techniques. The Smart and Sustainable Cities (SSC) conference is a regular event, organized each second year in RUDN University (Russia) and providing a multidisciplinary platform for scientists and practitioners in urban environmental monitoring, modeling, planning and management.

This book is a comprehensive resource for climate change impacts and scenarios on cross-cutting issues in Bangladesh and other tropical low-lying countries in Asia. The book promotes mitigation and adaptation strategies for learning and innovation to tackle climate change impacts, reduce inequality, as well as include changes in food, energy, health, education, and social protection policies in Bangladesh and Asian low-lying countries.Through several case studies, this book provides a powerful framework for identifying management tools and their applications in environment and governance including; climate change and natural hazards, climate change and energy framework, gender inequality and capacity building, and community participants and the actions needed to protect them.The aim of this book is to provide information to scientists, practitioners, academics, and government and non-government policy-makers to help them better understand the particularities of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for cross-cutting issues in Bangladesh.

This volume aims to develop a framework for disaster and climate risk resilient livelihood system in Bangladesh using a policy oriented approach. It highlights the possible impacts of climate change on groundwater based irrigation in the country. Climate change is one of biggest challenges to society. It can lead to serious impacts on production, life and environment on a global scale. Higher temperatures and sea level rise will cause flooding and water salinity problems which will bring about negative effects on agriculture and high risks to industry and socio-economic systems in the future. Climate change will lead to many changes in global development and security especially energy, water, food, society, job, diplomacy, culture, economy and trade. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines climate change as: “Any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity.” Global climate change has emerged as a key issue in both political and economic arenas. It is an increasingly questioned phenomenon, and progressive national governments around the world have started taking action to respond to these environmental concerns.

This book includes over three hundred and seventy-five short papers presented during the second EMCEI, which was held in Sousse, Tunisia in October 2019. After the success of the first EMCEI in 2017, the second installment tackled emerging environmental issues together with new challenges, e.g. by focusing on innovative approaches that contribute to achieving a sustainable environment in the Mediterranean and surrounding regions and by highlighting to decision makers from related sectors the environmental considerations that should be integrated into their respective activities. Presenting a wide range of environmental topics and new findings relevant to a variety of problems in these regions, this volume will appeal to anyone working in the subject area and particularly to students interested in learning more about new advances in environmental research initiatives in view of the worsening environmental degradation of the Mediterranean and surrounding regions, which has made environmental and resource protection into an increasingly important issue hampering sustainable development and social welfare.

This book proves, through empirical research, that indigenous and traditional agricultural communities have experienced severe climate change impacts, and have developed corresponding livelihood strategies to strengthen their resilience in a variable climate. With a focus on indigenous minority farming communities in the developing region of South-Western Zimbabwe, the study presents both qualitative and quantitative approaches of data analysis to assess sustainability problems amid climate change and climate variability challenges, and proposes potential solutions. In eight chapters, the book expands on the scarce availability of community-based research on climate change and variability in Zimbabwe.The book is meant for college and university students and stakeholders involved in development work in rural minority farmer communities, especially in climate change prone regions of Africa and other developing countries who have very few options of adaptation and mitigation.

This book systematically describes the instrument setup for the measurement of nitrate radical (NO3) and dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), as well as the mixing ratio, chemical behaviors, and atmospheric impacts of NO3 and N2O5 in Beijing, China. It also discusses the instrument design and data analysis method in detail. Based on several field measurements of NO3 and N2O5 in Beijing, it shows the variation in concentration and the budget of NO3 and N2O5. The N2O5 heterogeneous uptake coefficient was determined using various methods, and the relationship between the N2O5 uptake coefficient and the particle properties was demonstrated, as well as the impact of NO3–N2O5 chemistry to the atmospheric oxidation and the formation of particulate nitrate. These results increase our understanding of nighttime chemistry and provide insights into the role of NO3–N2O5 chemistry in other polluted regions.

This book gives an insight into the evaluation of drought in Slovakia and provides an assessment of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a method suitable for an evaluation of drought in agricultural land. Dry seasons in the time series from 1960 to 2014 were determined according to the monthly Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). The field research was carried out on 12 sites including western Slovakia, Prešov, Trnava and Nitra regions. Data collected from satellite imagery, climate data analyses and drought indices was analysed to determine the value of NDVI as an evaluation tool.

Das Meereis der Polargebiete ist nicht nur wunderschön, es reguliert auch die Temperatur der Erde. Doch es zieht sich zurück – und zwar schnell! Dabei laufen komplexe Rückkopplungen ab, die das Potenzial haben, den Klimawandel zu beschleunigen und zu verstärken. Der britische Polarforscher Peter Wadhams ist einer der international führenden Meereisexperten. Er greift auf seine fast lebenslange Forschung in der Arktis zurück, um zu erklären, was gerade passiert, was das für unsere Zukunft bedeutet – und was wir tun können und müssen.Der AutorPeter Wadhams ist einer der weltweit erfahrensten Polar- und Meereisforscher. Er war von 1987–92 Direktor des Scott Polar Institute in Cambridge und dort auch von 1992–2015 Professor für Physik der Ozeane. Er war an mehr als 50 Expeditionen in beide Polarregionen beteiligt – in Forschungscamps, auf Eisbrechern, von Flugzeugen aus, und sogar in Unterseebooten. Er wurde ausgezeichnet mit dem W. S. Bruce-Preis der Royal Society of Edinburgh (1977), der UK Polar Medal (1987) und dem Italgas-Preis für Umweltwissenschaften (1990). Er ist Fellow der Royal Geographical Society und Mitglied der Finnischen Akademie.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

This book discusses the dynamics and resource management qualities of the peri-urban interface to address climate change consequences, focusing on the peri-urban region of the global city of Bengalaru. In 5 chapters, the authors document the unique challenges experienced in peri-urban areas, including soil-water vegetation dynamics, local and regional impacts on water bodies (surface and groundwater), food production issues, and the inhibited adaptive capacity of local communities. The book also provides knowledge on implementations of environmental management by local institutions, government interventions that have acted as catalysts in promoting community based adaptation strategies, and the physical, social and economic aspects of rural-urban dynamics. The book not only adds to the scarce existing literature on peri-urban contexts, but also addresses the role of culture in protecting ecological landscapes and how traditions play an important role in coping with climate change. Furthermore, the authors expand on these climate change coping mechanisms in peri-urban areas, taking into account local cultural factors and interesting governance interventions in the context of health. The book will be of interest to planners, policy makers, and students and researchers engaged in rural-urban dynamics and climate change adaptation.

This book discusses options for an improved compliance system under the Paris Climate Agreement by addressing current weaknesses. The research is based on two cases, the Compliance Mechanisms of the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols and their outcomes in practice. This book analysed the different meanings of tthe compliance concept of Compliance Mechanisms (CMs) and Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) in chapter 3, on the theories and two basic explanatory models on compliance (chapter 4), on the development of CMs and the limitations of traditional means (chapter 5), and the questions on the CMs under the Kyoto and the Montreal Protocols (chapter 6). Based on its findings, options for an improved compliance system under the Paris Climate agreement are asked (chapter 7). This book •Offers a detailed understanding of compliance and existing compliance mechanisms (CMs),•elaborates the CMs'present features on the basis of its case studies,•includes the latest information on CMs and its case studies,•discusses options for an improved compliance system under the Paris Climate Agreement figuring out the current weaknesses

Der Klimawandel ist in aller Munde und kaum jemand stellt infrage, dass Maßnahmen für den Klimaschutz ergriffen werden müssen. Doch wie würde sich eine Klimaerwärmung um 1,5 oder 2 °C nun wirklich auswirken? Wie viele Treibhausgase können noch ausgestoßen werden, ohne diese Grenzen zu überschreiten? Wie ändert sich der Einfluss von Wolken, Wäldern und Böden auf den Treibhauseffekt? Wie reagieren Ökosysteme auf die Veränderungen? Und welche sind am stärksten betroffen? Hängen heutige Extremwetterlagen mit dem Klimawandel zusammen? Solche Fragen sind nicht leicht zu beantworten. Die in diesem Buch gesammelten Artikel geben tiefe Einblicke in die aktuelle Forschung. Sie lassen uns an Expeditionen in die Arktis und die Antarktis ebenso teilhaben wie an Tauchgängen an Korallenriffen. Die Ergebnisse langer Messreihen und verbesserter Computermodelle werden vorgestellt und offene Fragen genannt. Auf anschauliche Weise werden so wichtige Zusammenhänge aufgezeigt und beispielsweise das Verhalten sogenannter Kippelemente erklärt. Nebenbei erfahren wir einiges über die Geschichte der Klimaforschung und können so nachvollziehen, wie sehr sich unsere Sicht auf das Klima verändert hat.

Der Autor analysiert die Energiewirtschaft der geographischen Einheiten Amerika – unterteilt in Nordamerika (Kanada + USA) sowie Mittel- +Südamerika (spanisch-portugisischer Kulturkreis) – Nahost und Südasien sowie Ost-Asien und Ozeanien. Die wichtigsten energiewirtschaftlichen Indikatoren der einzelnen Regionen und Länder und deren Entwicklung werden von ihm in zahlreichen Grafiken und Energieflussdiagrammen veranschaulicht. Darauf basierend empfiehlt er eine Verteilung der zur Begrenzung des Klimawandels notwendigen Emissionsreduktion (für Klimaziel 2 °C oder weniger, mit Perspektive bis 2050).Die in diesem Band behandelten Erdteile verursachen zusammen 77% der Emissionen. Europa + Eurasien sowie Afrika werden im ersten Band behandelt.

'Regnet es am Siebenschläfertag, es noch sieben Wochen regnen mag.'Bauernregeln beruhen auf den Naturbeobachtungen unserer Vorfahren und erlauben manchmal erstaunlich genaue Wettervorhersagen. Horst Malberg nimmt über 400 dieser Wetterregeln unter die Lupe und vergleicht sie mit den Wetterbeobachtungen der Meteorologen. Wie zuverlässig erlauben die Bauernregeln kurz-, mittel- und langfristige Wetterprognosen? Lassen sie sich naturwissenschaftlich erklären? Locker und verständlich erfährt der Leser zugleich viel Wissenswertes über die heutige Meteorologie. Diese 3. Auflage wurde um das Kapitel'Der Mondeinfluß'erweitert.

There are several billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy. One of them is the middle-aged G2V yellow dwarf that rules our lives. The Sun Today discusses the Sun's appearance and composition, its internal workings, and the various kinds of radiation it emits, and it puts forward a novel explanation for coronal heating. The book draws on the findings of telescopic observation, space missions, and technical and theoretical advances in many fields, and shows why we need to know more if we are to understand and manage our foothold in the Universe. From the reviews of other books by Claudio Vita-Finzi: The Sun – A User's Manual (2008) ….this, jargon-free, concise, beautifully illustrated and eminently readable book… D.W. Hughes, Times Literary Supplement Solar History (2013)....a book that is supremely informative, intensely stimulating and enjoyable to read... Ian Seymour, Astronomy Now A History of the Solar System (2016)...there is a huge amount of useful information in this book that would benefit anyone who needed more detail than is available in a typical popular science title. Brian Clegg, Popular Science

This book investigates the potential trade opportunity of climate friendly goods and technology (CFGT) in Asia and South Asia region, and uses a case study of India to clarify India's position on global warming and efforts to mitigate climate change impacts regionally and globally. In four main sections, the book applies econometric techniques to analyze the trade performance of CFGTs in nations in Asia and South Asia, in order to assess trade gaps and map the movement of CFGTs in these regions. The major themes addressed in the book include climate change and trade, issues that shape regional and national policies, and strategies for implementing global climate change mitigation on trade opportunities and developments. Section 1 introduces readers to some background on global climate change threats and its effects on trade, as well as the need to develop trade for CFGTs. Section 2 assesses the trade performance of CFGTs in Asia, and South Asia, and the competitiveness of CFGT trade. Section 3 uses a regional orientation index to analyze CFGT trade. Section 4 discusses the potential business applications of CFGT trade in the Asia, South Asia region, and uses a case study on India to analyze climate change mitigation effects on trade and policy. The book will be of interest to researchers, students, governments, and policy makers.

This volume provides a holistic and concise overview of the complex science of climate change involving the interplay of multiple factors. It also acts as a primer and a one-source reference to all the aspects of climate change, allowing researchers to understand the complexity of this science and to see the larger picture, thereby aiming towards holistic solutions.Beginning in the second half of the twentieth century, the impacts of climate change have been the worst nightmare to hit humanity so fiercely, causing loss of human life and irreparable destruction to natural and man-made infrastructure in many parts of the world. The difference between climate change now and in the past is that of sudden and disproportionate disruption of the natural energy dynamics by the changing consumption patterns of billions of human beings who, in their quest for economic superiority, have polluted the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The picture that emerges from the exhaustive analysis of international data drawn from the most reliable sources indicates that we have possibly gained access to the gateway of extinction and it is time that we take corrective steps immediately.The book's chapters not only provide an overview of climate change science but also include detailed discussion on current research. This unique analytical text is suitable for conservation environmentalists, researchers, and academicians working in the field, along with policy makers, research and training institutes, and nongovernment organizations.

This books presents some of the most recent and advanced statistical methods used to analyse environmental and climate data, and addresses the spatial and spatio-temporal dimensions of the phenomena studied, the multivariate complexity of the data, and the necessity of considering uncertainty sources and propagation. The topics covered include: detecting disease clusters, analysing harvest data, change point detection in ground-level ozone concentration, modelling atmospheric aerosol profiles, predicting wind speed, precipitation prediction and analysing spatial cylindrical data. The volume presents revised versions of selected contributions submitted at the joint TIES-GRASPA 2017 Conference on Climate and Environment, which was held at the University of Bergamo, Italy. As it is chiefly intended for researchers working at the forefront of statistical research in environmental applications, readers should be familiar with the basic methods for analysing spatial and spatio-temporal data.

This book analyses the economic and environmental aspects of installing photovoltaic facilities for residential electricity users and determines whether the installation of photovoltaic units “behind the meter” makes sense, and if so, the best economic size to install. It explores the use of photovoltaic capacity to meet electricity requirements by generating enough for immediate use without feeding surplus electricity into the grid and without using storage. The authors illustrate this approach by examining various power photovoltaic capacities in locations such as Marseille, Madrid and Seville, which use hourly demand data provided by smart meters. They also show the possibility of developing energy self-consumption compatible with the operation of the network, making use of information from smart meters. Discussing how photovoltaic facilities are profitable from both an economic and an environmental point of view, this book is a valuable resource for researchers and private investors. It is also of interest to practitioners and academics, as the results presented are of importance for the near future.

This volume provides preliminary recommendations on ways to educate and develop experience-based expertise among disaster response, security and other professionals from diverse backgrounds, whose current and future interests relate to crisis management.The book takes a multidisciplinary approach to improving regional security cooperation and to addressing the complex issues of climate change and disasters on military activities.The main aims of this proceedings volume are: -to provide an Education and Individual Training Activity Common Core Curriculum, whose main purpose is to support increased awareness of the implications of Climate Change;-to identify broad issues on climate change and disasters, particularly those with the highest importance and relevance to regional security. The Crisis Management and Disaster Response Centre of Excellence (CMDR COE) conducted an Advanced Research Workshop “Climate Change Implications on Military Activities in the Balkans Region” between 05-07 July, 2016. The event was supported by the NATO Science for Peace (SPS) Program and gathered distinguished experts from various international organizations and civil-military agencies.

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Now available in an updated 2016 edition, Climate Change and American Foreign Policy examines the actors, institutions, and ideas shaping U.S. policy on climate change (global warming). The book begins by introducing the issue of climate change in the context of U.S. foreign policy, before critically evaluating U.S. policies and actions. It then analyses the domestic and international politics of U.S. climate change policy, covering such issues as science, the presidency and Congress, nongovermental organizations, diplomacy and the international negotiations leading to the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. The book concludes by looking at the role of international norms in shaping U.S. climate change policy.

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

In this book, David Ludlum, America's acknowledged dean of weather history, describes historical weather events and their consequences to society. From the colonists'first encounter with the American climate to the launch of the first weather satellite in space, weather has influenced battles, wars, elections, sports events, balloon launches, airship flights, and many other history-making events. Want to know what part the weather played in ending the Siege in Yorktown? Why President Harrison caught his fatal cold on Inauguration Day? Which was the worst-ever Saturday for football all across the country? This book attempts to answer these questions and many more.

This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of the understanding of the interaction between the emission of nitrogen, its deposition and impact on the most important components of natural and semi-natural ecosystems. The work consists of contributions from internationally renowned research scientists. Individual chapters deal with the factors and processes related to nitrogen deposition and soils, non-forest vegetation communities, forest ecosystems, and surface waters. The assessment of these impacts is discussed in terms of setting critical loads. The book is aimed at researchers, advanced course students and policy makers/advisors involved with aspects of the impact of air pollution.

Sind Ozonloch und Treibhauseffekt Vorboten einer globalen Klimakatastrophe, die von uns Menschen verursacht wird? Oder hat es im Laufe der Erdgeschichte nicht immer wieder teils drastische Klimaänderungen gegeben? Dieses Buch beantwortet aktuelle Fragen rund ums Klima:- Woher kommen die Klimadaten, und wie sind sie zu beurtei len?- Welche natürlichen Klimaänderungen hat es gegeben, seit die Erde existiert, und warum?- Wie ist der menschliche Einfluß zu beurteilen, und wie sieht die Klimazukunft aus?- Welche Maßnahmen sind erforderlich, damit es nicht zu Kli maänderungen kommt, die unsere Lebensgrundlagen zerstören?

Die zunehmende Urbanisierung, begleitet von wachsendem Verkehrsaufkommen und Emission von Luftschadstoffen, verändert die Stadtatmosphäre und beeinflußt unmittelbar die Lebensqualität eines großen Bevölkerungsanteils. Die kommunalen und stadtplanerischen Bestrebungen sind deshalb auf eine nachhaltige Verbesserung der Luftqualität und Optimierung des Stadtklimas gerichtet. Das Buch vermittelt dazu praxisorientiertes Wissen in einem breitgefächerten Überblick über verschiedene Aspekte des Stadtklimas, über die Wechselwirkung zwischen Emission und Immission von Luftschadstoffen und über die Modellierung stadtklimatischer Phänomene, insbesondere der Ausbreitung von Luftschadstoffen. Auf http://extras.springer.com/ ergänzt die Buchbeiträge durch zusätzliche Abbildungen, Tabellen, lauffähige Demo-Versionen von Modellen zur Ausbreitungsrechnung, durch Programme zur Berechnung stadtklimarelevanter Parameter und Simulationsmodelle.

Drei Meteorologen, erfahren in Theorie und Praxis, beschreiben das am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts erreichte Know-how in der Vorhersage von Wetter und Klima. Basis des Fortschritts ist das weltumspannende, ganz wesentlich satellitengestützte System der ununterbrochenen Beobachtung atmosphärischer Vorgänge. Super-Computer und ständig verbesserte physikalische Modelle simulieren die Wetterabläufe immer detaillierter und weiter in die Zukunft hinein.Zum erstenmal im deutschsprachigen Raum wird ganz ausführlich und sehr spannend über die Meilensteine der modernen Wettervorhersage berichtet.