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Biology is central to our understanding of health and disease and to the development of effective treatments, and thus it is critical that health professionals have a solid grounding and knowledge comfort in the pathogenesis and mechanisms of disease processes. This innovative new textbook draws these topics together, providing an accessible introduction across four central disciplines - basic biology, biotechnology, non-infectious disease and infectious disease.Key Features: Provides students of biology and those going into health care professions with a strong foundation to understand the pathogenesis of disease at the molecular and cellular level Focuses on the etiology and pathophysiology of the major human diseases by body system, including diabetes and nutritional disorders, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, aligned to medicine and health science course structure Covers mechanisms of infectious disease transmission, as well as disease pathophysiology, and considers the impact of antibiotic resistance Reviews the applications of biotechnology and genomics to human health in diagnosis and treatment, as well as to our understanding of disease and disease surveillance Each chapter contains a mini glossary of key terms and associated definitions, and review questions allow students to assess how much of the chapter they have understood Digital resources accompany the textbook, such as interactive quizzes for students to engage with and figure slides of the book's illustrations that instructors can use in lectures Enhanced throughout with plentiful illustrations, Biology for the Health Sciences is an essential companion for any student of the health sciences and for biological science students studying the causes of disease as part of a wider course.

The focus of this book is on centrioles — small organelles adjacent to the nucleus in all human and animal (eucaryotic) cells. It provides the findings and critical analyses of over 750 articles written in this century.In addition to centrioles, the topics include: centrosomes, chromosomes, microtubules and kinetochores, cell division and duplication, and tumor development. The book also includes discussions on centriole dynamics and electromagnetics effects. It concludes with a chapter on centriole errors — particularly cells with supernumerary centrioles.The book is intended for students, scholars, and researchers studying and working in the field of nuclear mechanics. In addition to the book content, it provides a guide for literature investigation.

This book contributes to better understand how lifestyle modulations can effectively halt the emergence and progression of human diseases. The book will allow the reader to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms by which the environment interferes with the bio-molecular regulatory processes underlying the emergence and progression of complex diseases, such as cancer. Focusing on key and early cellular bio-molecular events giving rise to the emergence of degenerative chronic disease, it builds on previous experience on the development of multi-cellular organisms, to propose a mathematical and computer based framework that allows the reader to analyze the complex interplay between bio-molecular processes and the (micro)-environment from an integrative, mechanistic, quantitative and dynamical perspective. Taking the wealth of empirical evidence that exists it will show how to build and analyze models of core regulatory networks involved in the emergence and progressionof chronic degenerative diseases, using a bottom-up approach.

Microfluidics in Cell Biology Part A: Volume 146, the latest release in the Methods in Cell Biology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Unique to this updated volume are sections on Cell monolayers/spheroids, Collective migration in microtubes, Leukocyte adhesion dynamics on endothelial monolayers under flow, Constrained spheroid for perfusion culture, Cells in droplet arrays, Heart on chips, Kidney on chips, Liver on chips and hepatic immune responses, Gut on chips, 3D microvascular model-based lymphoma model, Blood brain barrier on chips, Multi-organ-on-a-chip for pharmacokinetic analysis, Cancer immunotherapy on chips, and more. - Contains contributions from experts in the field from across the globe - Covers a wide array of topics on both mitosis and meiosis - Includes relevant, analysis based topics

Microfluidics in Cell Biology Part B: Microfluidics in Single Cells, Volume 147, a new volume in the Methods in Cell Biology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Unique to this updated volume are three sections on microfluidics in various single cell models, including microfludics in micro-organisms, microfluidics for cell culture and cell sorting of mammalian cells, and microfluidics for cell migration. Specific sections in this latest release include Temperature control and drug delivery for cell division cycle control in fission yeast H2O2 stress response in budding yeast, Antibiotic resistance in bacteria, Metabolism in bacteria, Fluidized beds for bacterial sorting and amplification, Microfluidics for cell culture and cell sorting of mammalian cells, Hydrogel microwells, Immune cells migration in complex environments, Neutrophiles migration in health and disease, Cell guidance by physical cues, Stable gradients in gels of extracellular matrix for cancer cell migration, and more. - Contains contributions from experts in the field from across the world - Covers a wide array of topics on both mitosis and meiosis - Includes relevant, analysis based topics

Microfluidics in Cell Biology Part C, Volume 148, a new release in the Methods in Cell Biology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Unique to this updated volume are three sections on microfluidics in various multi-cellular models, including microfluidics in cell monolayers/spheroids, microfluidics in organ on chips, and microfluidics in model organisms. Specific chapters discuss collective migration in microtubes, leukocyte adhesion dynamics on endothelial monolayers under flow, constrained spheroid for perfusion culture, cells in droplet arrays, heart on chips, kidney on chips, liver on chips, and more. Contains contributions from experts in the field from across the world Covers a wide array of topics on both mitosis and meiosis Includes relevant, analysis based topics

This book combines the most recent knowledge on the maternal, i.e. oocyte/egg-specific, molecules and processes. The volume covers the most recent advances in a plethora of subjects such as: maternal transfer of immunity, localized RNAs functions and mechanisms of RNA localization, transcriptional repression of maternal messages, maternal inheritance and maternal role of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing, chromatin remodeling and epigenetic modifications, maternal function of nucleosomes, maternal mitochondria and energy supply, role of bacterial symbionts and their maternal transmission, acquisition of oocyte polarity and evolution of maternal effect genes, germ plasm and oosome origin and functions, mechanisms of oocyte activation and soma germ cells communication. Currently, no other book on the market combines such a comprehensive list of subjects in one volume. Moreover, the information provided is a cross-section through oocytes from various invertebrate and vertebrate species, which is another unique feature of this book. The readers, therefore, get a completely new and invaluable perspective on all covered subjects.

This essential volume presents comprehensive information on cell death and autophagy in liver diseases, including the role and molecular signaling pathways of cell death in alcohol and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, bile acids, hepatitis C virus and drug-induced liver injury. The book starts with a discussion of lipotoxicity in non-parenchymal cells, followed by a discussion of cell death and autophagy in cholangiocytes, hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells in hepatic biliary diseases, fibrosis and liver inflammation. The book also covers Bcl-2 family proteins, beta-catenin and HMGB1 signaling in regulating cell death in the liver as well as mitochondria, ER stress and gut microbiota on liver injury. The Cell Death in Biology and Diseases series has recruited world experts ranging from basic scientists to clinicians on cell death in liver diseases. Likewise the contributors of this volume are leaders in their fields with worldwide expertise and perspective. Molecules, Systems and Signaling in Liver Injury is an essential companion to Hepatocytes and Non-Parenchymal Cells and Diseases. It is beneficial for both clinicians and basic scientists and is relevant to those working on drug discovery for preventing and treating liver diseases by targeting cell death and autophagy pathways.

A Top 25 CHOICE 2016 Title, and recipient of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title (OAT) Award. How much energy is released in ATP hydrolysis? How many mRNAs are in a cell? How genetically similar are two random people? What is faster, transcription or translation?Cell Biology by the Numbers explores these questions and dozens of others provid

Collective Behavior is the summary of the 2014 National Academies Keck Futures Initiative Conference on Collective Behavior. Participants were divided into fourteen interdisciplinary research teams. The teams spent nine hours over two days exploring diverse challenges at the interface of science, engineering, and medicine. The composition of the teams was intentionally diverse, to encourage the generation of new approaches by combining a range of different types of contributions. The teams included researchers from science, engineering, and medicine, as well as representatives from private and public funding agencies, universities, businesses, journals, and the science media. Researchers represented a wide range of experience - from postdoc to those well established in their careers - from a variety of disciplines that included science and engineering, medicine, physics, biology, economics, and behavioral science. The teams needed to address the challenge of communicating and working together from a diversity of expertise and perspectives as they attempted to solve a complicated, interdisciplinary problem in a relatively short time. This report highlights the presentations of the event and includes the team reports and pre-meeting materials.

Unlike the structured world of computer science, biology is complex, evolving, and often lacks clean abstract models. This book aims to serve as a guide for computer scientists who need to understand cell biology, breaking the field into three parts: biological mechanics, experimental methods, and language/nomenclature. While biological mechanics, which investigates cellular-level details, is covered by many texts, this book also focuses on experimental methods – how biologists conduct experiments and gather data - and on helping the reader understand the language and terminology of biology, which is rich but challenging for non-biologists. A Computer Scientist's Guide to Cell Biology uses a metaphor of biology as a strange land with an unfamiliar language and customs. The goal of the book is to provide a high-level introduction to cell biology, simplifying concepts and relating them to familiar ideas from computer science, so that working computer scientists can more effectively understand read recent research papers and results.This Second Edition contains a number of updates, including discussions of CRISPR, advances in DNA Sequencing, and mRNA vaccines. It serves as an easy-to-read travel guide for computer scientists navigating the intricate and sometimes perplexing terrain of cell biology, offering insights into experimental methods and helping bridge the gap between the structured world of computer science and the complexities of biological systems.

The enormous recent success of molecular developmental biology has yielded a vast amount of new information on the details of development. So much so that we risk losing sight of the underlying principles that apply to all development. To cut through this thicket, John Tyler Bonner ponders a moment in evolution when development was at its most basic--the moment when signaling between cells began. Although multicellularity arose numerous times, most of those events happened many millions of years ago. Many of the details of development that we see today, even in simple organisms, accrued over a long evolutionary timeline, and the initial events are obscured. The relatively uncomplicated and easy-to-grow cellular slime molds offer a unique opportunity to analyze development at a primitive stage and perhaps gain insight into how early multicellular development might have started. Through slime molds, Bonner seeks a picture of the first elements of communication between cells. He asks what we have learned by looking at their developmental biology, including recent advances in our molecular understanding of the process. He then asks what is the most elementary way that polarity and pattern formation can be achieved. To find the answer, he uses models, including mathematical ones, to generate insights into how cell-to-cell cooperation might have originated. Students and scholars in the blossoming field of the evolution of development, as well as evolutionary biologists generally, will be interested in what Bonner has to say about the origins of multicellular development--and thus of the astounding biological complexity we now observe--and how best to study it.

The Centrosome collates in one source the work of scientists actively engaged in studying various aspects of the centrosome, using a wide assortment of experimental approaches, techniques, and model systems. It provides useful background information on the present state of knowledge about the centrosome to researchers and advanced students interested in the organization and behavior of cells. After presenting an overview of a particular area, the articles summarize work from the authors'own laboratories and include new, unpublished material. Emphasis is on the more dynamic aspects of the subject rather than on detailed descriptions. The contributions range from descriptions of the organization of the centrosome at the molecular level to speculations on how the centrosome may affect the behavior of entire cells. Experimental studies are complemented by theoretical considerations to provide added insight into the structure and function of this organelle and by speculations on directions which appear most profitable for future studies. Controversial ideas and conflicting hypotheses, which often provide the driving force for new advances, have also been included.

Aspects of Cell Regulation deals with the various aspects of cellular control mechanisms. The book begins with a discussion of the role of hormones in the control of cell differentiation and biochemical control over the life of an organism. This is followed by separate chapters on an intracellular control problem, namely, the proper reproduction of cellular organelles and their apportionment between daughter cells at cell mitosis; cell mutants with different temporal order for macromolecular synthesis; and the control of a plant enzyme that converts triglycerides into carbohydrate during the early stages of postgerminative growth within seed cotyledon. Subsequent chapters deal with the possible role of mitochondria in changing the control mechanism of cells to that associated with carcinogenesis; the possibility of transforming genes being detectable in the genome after the transformation to neoplastic cell; the correlation between viruses and tumor cells; and whether viruses can originate from cells rather than coming before cells.

Cell Structure and Function by Microspectrofluorometry provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the study of cellular structure and function using microspectrofluorometry. The book is organized into six parts. Part I begins by tracing the origins of modern fluorescence microscopy and fluorescent probes. Part II discusses methods such as microspectroscopy and flow cytometry; the fluorescence spectroscopy of solutions; and the quantitative implementation of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in the light microscope. Part III presents studies on metabolism, including the mechanism of action of xenobiotics; biochemical analysis of unpigmented single cells; and cell-to-cell communication in the endocrine and the exocrine pancreas. Part IV focuses on applications of fluorescent probes. Part V deals with cytometry and cell sorting. It includes studies on principles and characteristics of flow cytometry as a method for studying receptor-mediated endocytosis; and flow cytometric measurements of physiologic cell responses. Part VI on bioluminescence discusses approaches to measuring chemiluminescence or bioluminescence in a single cell and measuring light emitted by living cells.

Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells in Culture, Volume 3, focuses on a number of specific, timely areas of research that make use of cell and tissue culture. The major theme of this volume is growth and its regulation in animal cells. The book includes studies on the role of growth factors in cell culture systems; the effects of cyclic nucleotides in cell proliferation in culture; metabolic regulation during the cell cycle; and the role of the cell surface in growth and metabolic regulation. There are also separate chapters on aspects of abnormal cell growth and metabolism; DNA repair; genetic analysis using cell fusion techniques; the growth of vascular cells in culture for atherosclerosis research; the culture of haploid vertebrate cells for genetic analysis of cell function; data on haploid cell culture; and the value of using cell cultures to test for the possible toxicity of various pharmacologic agents.

Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells in Culture, Volume 1, summarizes the state of knowledge of the growth, nutrition, and metabolism of various types of cell cultures. The chapters are both detailed and comprehensive enough for the specialist and broad enough to provide a general background for the nonspecialist. The present volume discusses the uptake, synthesis, and degradation of biologically important compounds, particularly the major components usually present in tissue culture medium. The book begins by tracing the history of the development of tissue culture. This is followed by separate chapters on early development of cell culture nutrition; the biological effects of serum; the energy metabolism of malignant cells; the gaseous environment of the mammalian cell in culture; and the uptake and utilization of amino acids by cells in culture. Subsequent chapters cover purine and pyrimidine metabolism; lipids in cell culture; the use of cell cultures for sterol metabolism studies; the genetic expressions of human diploid fibroblast cell cultures; and structural features of mammalian complex carbohydrates.

Cooperative Phenomena in Biology deals with cooperation in biology and covers topics such as cooperative specific adsorption; the kinetics of oxygen binding to hemoglobin; allosteric control of cooperative adsorption and conformation changes; and cooperativity in biological surfaces responding to topical treatment. The use of Monte Carlo methods to investigate the behavior of cooperative Ising models is also described. This book is comprised of five chapters and opens with a discussion on the phenomenon of cooperative specific adsorption and its importance for the understanding of fundamental biological phenomena. The derivation of the cooperative specific adsorption isotherm both stochastically and on the basis of statistical mechanics is explained. The next chapter reviews the theory of the allosteric control of cooperative adsorption and conformation changes and outlines a molecular model for physiological activities according to the association-induction hypothesis. The reader is also introduced to a kinetic equation for hemoglobin oxygenation based on the infinite chain; the use of bioelectrometric methods to study solute interactions with biocolloidal surfaces responding to topical treatment; and the use of Monte Carlo computations to determine the behavior of cooperative Ising models. This monograph is intended for biologists, physicists, chemists, and mathematicians.