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This book provides basic knowledge of the biology, chemistry, and function of oxysterols and its derivatives as well as of phytosterols in numerous human diseases. The book is divided into six sections and begins with an introduction to the biological and chemical properties of oxysterols and its derivatives as well as phytosterols, their synthesis, and the methods currently used for their detection in various biospecimens. The following section discusses in detail the various effects of oxysterols on numerous human diseases, including infectious diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer, as well as neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Importantly, the potential of oxysterols as biomarkers for some of these diseases is also highlighted. The book concludes with an outlook on the pharmacological and nutritional effects of oxysterols and phytosterols and their potential use by the food, and pharmaceutical industries. Aiming to provide an in-depth overview of the biological and the chemical properties of oxysterols and phytosterols and their implications for human health, this book will be of interest to basic and clinical scientists, as well as to anyone working in the food or pharmaceutical industry who is exploring the potential of oxysterols and phytosterols.

So wie die Feuerwehr nicht schuld ist am verheerenden Großbrand, so ist unser Fettgewebe nicht schuld an Diabetes und Herzinfarkt. Nur wenn wir unser Fettgewebe verstehen, können wir sein Potenzial erhalten und nutzen. Petra Schling gibt in diesem essential einen Überblick über Aufbau und Funktionen unseres Fettgewebes und stellt die wichtigsten Botenstoffe von Fettzellen und ihren Vorläufen vor. Darüber hinaus klärt die Autorin Irrtümer und Missverständnisse auf, die sich um das Fettgewebe ranken. Sie erläutert eine mögliche Kausalkette vom Überfluss zum Diabetes und warum das Fettgewebe zu Unrecht zum Sündenbock gemacht wird.

Sascha Herwig beschreibt die Faltung und den Einbau von β-Fass-Membranproteinen am Modell des essenziellen BamA aus Außenmembranen von Escherichia coli, der zentralen Untereinheit des β-Barrel-Assembly-Machinery-Komplexes. Membranproteine des β-Fass-Typs der Außenmembranen von Bakterien oder Zellorganellen werden über diesen Komplex eingebaut. Mit ortsgerichteter Fluoreszenzspektroskopie des β-Strangs 9 der insgesamt 16 β-Stränge umfassenden BamA-Membrandomäne wird in Modellmembranen nachgewiesen, dass der Strang in einem Faltungsintermediat bereits in adsorbierter Form parallel zur Membranoberfläche entsteht.

The Organizing Committee of the 15th International Conference on Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Diseases compiled a group of junior investigators to provide reviews on the topics they presented at the Puerto Vallarta Bioactive Lipids conference, as part of the book series, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (AEMB). The book in this series will be titled Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Diseases. Topics range from all classes of lipids including prostaglandins, resolvins, spingolipids, P450-derived lipids, endocannabanoids and phospholipids. The focus includes physiology, cell biology, and structural studies in organisms from bacteria to humans and how these studies addressed the role of lipids in various disease i.e. cancer, inflammation, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and others.

Marine enzymes and specialized metabolism - Part A, Volume 604 highlights experimental methods on diverse marine enzymes involved in the construction of bioactive natural product molecules. These detailed protocols are written by experts who actively study and apply marine enzymes in biosynthesis and biotechnology. Comprehensive chapters in this latest release cover Chemoenzymatic synthesis of starting materials and characterization of halogenases requiring acyl carrier protein tethered substrates, Assaying biradical aryl coupling activity of CYP450 enzymes, the Characterization and application of marine microbial omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis, Catalase-related allene oxide synthase: on a biosynthetic route to fatty acid cyclopentenones, Haloalkane dehalogenases from marine microorganisms, and more. - Presents comprehensive information on a subject not widely covered in other method book - Contains the authority and expertise of recognized and celebrated contributors

This book combines the current knowledge on the role of lipids in stem cell pluripotency and differentiation. It showcases various approaches to the study of lipids and focuses on various types of stem cells and specific lipids driving maintenance or differentiation. The volume includes chapters reviewing roles of specific lipids in pluripotency, neurogenesis and exocytosis as well as in cancer stem cells. Examples of different classes of lipids—such as sphingolipids, lysophospholipids, cannabinoids and neutral lipids—are described and illustrate the vast biological effects of this class of molecules. The international contributors are all recognized experts in their respective fields.Covering the various aspects of the topic, Lipidomics of Stem Cells provides an up-to-date snapshot—unique among the literature—of where the lipid world is in terms of understanding the roles of lipids in stem cell biology. It provides an essential reference for stem cell biologists, lipid biologists, development biologists, students, academics and clinicians in related areas.

Polar Lipids is a valuable reference resource providing thorough and comprehensive coverage of different types of polar lipids known to lipid science and industry today. This book covers important applications and utilization of polar lipids, either in the area of food and nutrition, or health and disease. Each chapter covers chemistry and chemical synthesis, biosynthesis and biological effects, functional and nutritional properties, applications, processing technologies, and future trends of a variety of polar lipids—including glycolipids, ether lipids, phenol lipids, serine phospholipids, omega-3 phospholipids, rice lecithin, palm lecithin, sunflower lecithin, sugar- and protein-based lipids, lysophospholipids,and more. - Presents new and relatively unexplored polar lipids for researchers to consider to use in food and health applications - Includes details on the chemistry and chemical synthesis, biosynthesis and biological effects, functional and nutritional properties, applications, and future trends of a variety of polar lipids - Presents the latest analytical techniques for use in polar lipids research, including NMR and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

As a result of their unique physical properties, biological membrane mimetics, such as liposomes, are used in a broad range of scientific and technological applications. Liposomes, Lipid Bilayers and Model Membranes: From Basic Research to Application describes state-of-the-art research and future directions in the field of membranes, which has evo

This new volume of Methods in Cell Biology looks at lipid droplets LDs, covering sections on analyses of LDs in model systems, cell/tissue-specific analyses of LDs and imaging and in vitro analyses of LD biogenesis and growth. Chapters are written by experts in the field. With cutting-edge material, this comprehensive collection is intended to guide researchers of LDs for years to come. - Covers sections on analyses of lipid droplets (LDs) in model systems, cell/tissue-specific analyses of LDs and imaging, and in vitro analyses of LD biogenesis and growth - Chapters are written by experts in the field - Cutting-edge material

Challenging and provocative overviews are presented in Volume 40 of Current Topics in Membranes. Topics on cell lipids vary from basic themes such as biosynthesis and membrane distribution to the role of lipids in intracellular signaling and membrane flow. This single volume also highlights the roles of lipids in eukaryotic cells and discusses organization of lipids in microdomains.

Progress in Lipid Research, Volume 18 focuses on the advancements of processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in lipid research. The selection first elaborates on lipid composition of marine and estuarine invertebrates; role of acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol O-acyltransferase in cholesterol metabolism; and synthesis of acyl lipids in plant tissues. Discussions focus on fatty acid synthesis, turnover of complex lipids, arterial wall and atherosclerosis, cholesteryl ester metabolism, and solubilization. The text then examines the effects of ethanol ingestion on lipid metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis, lipid peroxidation, plasma triacylglycerols and lipoproteins, phospholipid metabolism, and cholesterol and bile acids. The publication takes a look at lipid metabolism in liver and selected tissues and in the whole body of ruminant animals and the effect of caval shunts on lipid metabolism. Topics include adaptation and regulation of lipid metabolism in the whole animal, lipid metabolism in specific tissues, and the effects of caval shunts on tissue lipids. The text also ponders on lipid metabolism in the neonatal ruminant, as well as transfer of lipids across the placenta, maternal contribution to fetal lipid requirements, and placental lipid metabolism. The selection is a dependable source of data for readers interested in lipid research.