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Reconfiguring Stigma in Studies of Sex for Sale is about the production and effects of stigma in sex work or prostitution with contributions from four continents and different disciplines that taken together explore how such stigma is conditioned by differences in time, place, citizenship, gender, sexuality, class and race.Stigma is about relationships between people and also sets an interpretative frame whereby people understand and react to situations and actions, and the book is developed and organized to investigate this from various angles. It presents empirical studies that build on and expand the scholarship on stigma and sex work. This means that it contributes to a more complex understanding of stigma in sex work studies. Further, by using the example of sew work to explore how we can best understand the production and consequences of stigma, the book makes a contribution that is relevant for all scholars who work on stigma and stigmatization. The book is intended for academic audiences interested in sex work or prostitution, on the one hand, and stigmatization, on the other. It is also intended for students in a broad range of disciplines, as well as for practitioners and activists who encounter or work with stigmatization or stigmatized populations.

Third Sector Organizations in Sex Work and Prostitution is about sex work and prostitution third sector organizations (TSOs): non-governmental and non-profit organizations that provide support services to, and advocate for the well-being of people operating in the sex industries. With a focus on three vast and extremely diverse regions, Africa, the Americas, and Europe, this book provides a unique vantage point that shows how interlinked these organizations'histories and configurations are. TSOs are fascinating research sites because they operate as zones of contestation which translate their understandings of sex work and prostitution into different support practices and advocacy initiatives. This book reveals that these organizations are not external to normative power but participate in it and are subject to it, conditioning how they can exist, who they can reach out to, where, and what they can achieve. Third Sector Organizations in Sex Work and Prostitution is a resource for scholars, policymakers, and activists involved in research on, and work with third sector organizations in the fields of sex work and prostitution, gender and sexuality, and human rights among others.

The problem of prostitution, sex work or sex for sale can often be misunderstood, if we do not take into consideration its spatial, temporal and political context.Understanding Sex for Sale aims to understand how prostitution, sex work or sex for sale are delineated, contested and understood in different spaces, places and times; with a particular focus on identifying how the relation between sex and money is interpreted and enacted. Divided into three parts, this interdisciplinary volume offers contributions that discuss ongoing theoretical issues and analytical challenges. Some chapters focus on how prostitution, sex work, or sex for sale have been regulated by the authorities and on the understandings that regulations are built upon. Other chapters investigate the experiences of sex workers and sex buyers, examining how these actors adjust to or resist the categorisation processes, control and stigma they are subjected to. Finally, a third group of chapters discuss contemporary definitional issues produced by various actors tasked with controlling prostitution or offering social services to its participants.Advancing and placing analytical tools at the forefront of the discussion, Understanding Sex for Sale appeals to undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as researchers interested in fields such as, sociology, anthropology, criminology, history, human geography and gender studies.

Brokered Subjects digs deep into the accepted narratives of sex trafficking to reveal the troubling assumptions that have shaped both right- and left-wing agendas around sexual violence. Drawing on years of in-depth fieldwork, Elizabeth Bernstein sheds light not only on trafficking but also on the broader structures that meld the ostensible pursuit of liberation with contemporary techniques of power. Rather than any meaningful commitment to the safety of sex workers, Bernstein argues, what lies behind our current vision of trafficking victims is a transnational mix of putatively humanitarian militaristic interventions, feel-good capitalism, and what she terms carceral feminism: a feminism compatible with police batons.

This title was first published in 2000: Prostitution has always played a crucial symbolic role in the definition of moral and sexual standards and, as such, the figure of the prostitute has been paradigmatic in the history of the sex and the city. Focusing on the geographies of female prostitution in Western societies, this book explores the nature of sites of sex work and the ways they shape the lives of prostitutes (and their clients). In so doing, the book aims not simply to present a static'mapping'of sex work, but seeks to highlight how these public and private ssites are struggled over, with prostitutes often resisting the strategies of social and legal control designed to regulate their working practices. The book consequently engages with a number of contemporary debates in social, cultural and gender geography surrounding the importance of public and private spaces in producing (and reproducing) gender, sex and bodily identities.

Bringing together conceptual, practice, and advocacy knowledge, Ending Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery: Freedom′s Journey explores the complexities of human trafficking and modern-day slavery through a global perspective. This comprehensive, multidisciplinary text includes a discussion of the root causes and structural issues that continue to plague society, as well as real-life case studies and vignettes, the words of human trafficking survivors, and insights from first responders and anti-trafficking advocates. Each chapter includes a'call to action'to inspire readers to implement a range of strategies designed to disrupt, eradicate, or mitigate human trafficking and modern-day slavery.

Trafficking in human beings (THB) has been described as modern slavery. It is a serious criminal activity that has significant ramifications for the human rights of the victims. It poses major challenges to the state, society and individual victims. THB is not a static given but a constantly changing concept depending on societal changes and opinions, economic situations and legal developments. THB occurs both transnationally and within countries. The complexity of THB is such that it requires a wide range of expertise fully to address the phenomenon.Edited by a team of leading international academics, the Routledge Handbook of Human Trafficking will provide an interdisciplinary introduction to THB. It is aimed at academics, students, research universities and non-governmental organisations, as well as policy makers. It will review THB through the lens of law, anthropology, social and political science and will address statistical, data protection issues and showcase the most effective research methods, analyse the various actors and stakeholders and the different types of exploitation of trafficked persons. It will critically highlight and analyse the most pressing current challenges posed by THB.

First published in 1997, this study aims to forge new connections between debates on prostitution, media processes and everyday life in its exploration of depictions of female prostitution in British and Irish broadsheet newspapers between 1987 and 1991. Lorna Ryan first examines a range of discourses on prostitution before proceeding to areas including signals of prostitution and images in the press. Encompassing both textual and visual analyses, Ryan demonstrates that these newspapers relied on appearance, place, time, motive and intent in categorising women as prostitutes.

Sexuality & Culture serves as a compelling forum for the analysis of ethical, cultural, psychological, social, and political issues related to sexual relationships and sexual behavior. These issues include, but are not limited to: sexual consent and sexual responsibility; sexual harassment and freedom of speech and association; sexual privacy; censorship and pornography; impact of film/literature on sexual relationships; and university and governmental regulation of intimate relationships.In this volume, theoretical essays, research reports, and book reviews examine the topics of prostitution, pornography, and other forms of commercialization of sexuality. Contributions include:'Twelve Step Feminism Makes Sex Workers Sick'by Kari Kerum;'Sex, Beach Boys and Female Tourists in the Caribbean'by Klaus de Albuquerque;'Reframing'Eve'in the AIDS Era: The Pursuit of Legitimacy by New Zealand Sex Workers'by Bronwen Lichtenstein;'Long-Term Consumption of X-Rated Materials and Attitudes toward Women among Australian Consumers of X-Rated Videos'by Roberto Hugh Potter;'Invisible Man: A Queer Critique of Feminist Anti-Pornography Theory'by Jody Norton; and'Theorizing Prostitution: The Question of Agency'by Melanie Simmons. Also included are reviews of Live Sex Acts: Women Performing Erotic Labor by Wendy Chapkis; New Sexual Agendas edited by Lynne Segal. In addition, Daphne Patai reviews Real Live New Girl: Chronicles of a Sex-Positive Culture by Carol Queen; Nina Hartley reviews Three in Love; Jo Doezema reviews Trafficking in Women; Valerie Jenness reviews Feminist Accused of Sexual Harassment by Jane Gallop; and Warren Farrell reviews the film In the Company of Men. This volume will be of interest to sociologists, psychologists, legal analysts, and policymakers.

Prostitution stellt einen tabuisierten Randbereich der Gesellschaft dar, über den kaum fundierte Informationen und wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse vorliegen. Frauen, welche in der Prostitution tätig sind, haben mit gesellschaftlichen Vorurteilen, sozialen Diskriminierungen und rechtlichen Benachteiligungen zu kämpfen und benötigen insofern eine spezifische Beratung und niederschwellige Angebote. Soziale Arbeit weist eine lange Tradition in der Einzelfallhilfe dieser Zielgruppe auf und setzt sich für die Rechte und Würde der Frauen ein. Der Band gibt aus der Sichtweise der professionellen Sozialen Arbeit einen Überblick über die Komplexität des Handlungsfeldes Prostitution und stellt theoretische und methodische Ansätze vor.

Alison Bass weaves the true stories of sex workers with the latest research on prostitution into a gripping journalistic account of how women (and some men) navigate a culture that routinely accepts the implicit exchange of sex for money, status, or even a good meal, but imposes heavy penalties on those who make such bargains explicit. Along the way, Bass examines why an increasing number of middle-class white women choose to become sex workers and explores how prostitution has become a thriving industry in the twenty-first-century global economy. Situating her book in American history more broadly, she also discusses the impact of the sexual revolution, the rise of the Nevada brothels, and the growing war on sex trafficking after 9/11. Drawing on recent studies that show lower rates of violence and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, in regions where adult prostitution is legal and regulated, Bass makes a powerful case for decriminalizing sex work. Through comparisons of the impact of criminalization vs. decriminalization in other countries, her book offers strategies for making prostitution safer for American sex workers and the communities in which they dwell. This riveting assessment of how U.S. anti-prostitution laws harm the public health and safety of sex workers and other citizens—and affect larger societal attitudes toward women—will interest feminists, sociologists, lawyers, health-care professionals, and policy makers. The book also will appeal to anyone with an interest in American history and our society's evolving attitudes toward sexuality and marriage.

Eva-Maria Heberer provides an overview over the history of prostitution in Germany, in which she discusses changes in legislation, in society and its view on prostitution, as well as in the market for commercial sex since 1846. Two different models describing a woman's decision to engage in sex work are suggested. Both are kept as general as possible and based on universal microeconomic models. The effect of a changing probability of getting caught selling commercial sex is analyzed using the Slutsky decomposition. Relevant variables influencing the supply of sex work are identified and measured using historical and up-to-date data for the state of Hamburg and Germany. Correlations between the variables are described and discussed, allowing to conclude that a higher probability of getting caught led to a lower supply of commercial sex over the years.

De nos jours, il n'y a pas plus de prise de position favorable à la traite des êtres humains à des fins d'exploitation sexuelle qu'il y a de prise de position publique pour l'esclavage. Il est également très difficile de trouver des partisanes déclarées de l'inégalité… Ce n'est pourtant pas le cas de la prostitution. Certaines personnes sont pour la prostitution. Plus nombreuses sont celles qui considèrent politiquement correct de la tolérer. La plupart présument que, même si elle n'est pas réellement souhaitable, la prostitution est nécessaire, inévitable et sans dommage. Est-ce que la décriminalisation du proxénétisme et la légalisation des maisons closes assureront une plus grande sécurité physique aux personnes prostituées? Contrairement à la Cour suprême du Canada, la juriste de réputation mondiale, Catharine A. Mac- Kinnon, répond négativement à cette question. Elle soutient que « loin de rendre la vie des prostituées plus sûre, la décriminalisation totale de la prostitution peut même la rendre encore plus dangereuse ». Pour cela, elle s'appuie sur les expériences des pays qui ont légalisé la prostitution et le proxénétisme et sur celles des pays, de plus en plus nombreux, qui décriminalisent les personnes prostituées et pénalisent les clients-prostitueurs ; la stigmatisation liée à l'activité Prostitutionnelle se retourne désormais contre ceux qui en profitent : les prostitueurs et les proxénètes.

Qui sont ces hommes qui paient pour du sexe? Pourquoi le font-ils? Quel plaisir en tirent-ils? Quelles sont leurs responsabilités dans la croissance de la prostitution, de la traite des êtres humains et du tourisme sexuel, mais aussi dans le maintien, voire dans le renforcement des inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes? Quelle est leur complicité dans les activités d'une industrie qui ratisse le monde, en particulier les pays sous-développés, tout en surexploitent les minorités nationales et ethniques, pour leur offrir des femmes et des enfants toujours plus jeunes? Aussi innovatrice qu'attentive, l'enquête de Victor Malarek s'intéresse à ces hommes qui, sur Internet et dans les pays de destination des touristes sexuels, étalent et justifient leurs fantasmes, leur ignorance et leurs privilèges d'hommes occidentaux. Il dissipe les illusions et les faux-fuyants que ces hommes entretiennent sur les personnes prostituées, lesquelles seraient responsables non seulement de leur propre prostitution, mais également du système dans son ensemble. Dans un vocabulaire direct et intelligible, son patient travail de terrain dégonfle les alibis derrière lesquels se cachent des prédicateurs, des juges, des procureurs, des travailleurs humanitaires et de simples touristes, tous convaincus, parce qu'ils paient, de leur bon droit. N'est-il pas temps d'exiger des comptes aux prostitueurs, eux dont on parle trop rarement et pour lesquels des millions de femmes et d'enfants sont prostituées? C'est ce à quoi s'attache cet ouvrage novateur en concluant sur le modèle suédois d'abolition de la prostitution, lequel laisse entrevoir un avenir plus égalitaire que la banalisation de l'exploitation sexuelle proposée par les lobbyistes pro-travail du sexe de l'industrie de la prostitution.

Depuis quelques décennies, on assiste à une marchandisation croissante du corps des femmes. D'un côté, le capitalisme néolibéral a engendré une industrie prostitutionnelle mondialisée : d'un continent à l'autre prospèrent les réseaux de tourisme sexuel et de traite de femmes à des fins de prostitution. L'industrie du sexe est l'un des secteurs les plus lucratifs à l'économie mondiale. De l'autre, la maternité de substitution – des femmes portant des enfants pour autrui -, est désormais une activité économique considérable. En Inde seulement, elle rapporte plus de 400 millions de dollars par année. Aujourd'hui, plusieurs justifient que le corps des femmes soit transformé en une marchandise sexuelle ou maternelle. D'un côté on exige la décriminalisation ou la règlementation de la prostitution au nom du « travail du sexe ». Du plus vieux métier du monde, la prostitution serait devenue le métier le plus moderne, un métier comme les autres, voire une pratique libératrice. De l'autre, de nombreux Etats légalisent la maternité de substitution. Pourtant, on nous assure qu'il n'est question ici que de la promotion des droits des femmes. Une femme qui vend son corps à des fins de prostitution ou qui loue son utérus pour donner naissance à un enfant accomplirait une action rationnelle prouvant son « autonomie » voire sa libération postmoderne des stéréotypes patriarcaux. Elle ne serait en aucune façon une victime, mais bien une personne active sachant quels sont les véritables intérêts. En fait, la prostitution et la maternité de substitution ne seraient que des activités « compensatoires pour du travail féminin non rémunéré ». Incarnation de l'aliénation et de la réification, l'actuelle marchandisation du corps des femmes est saisie par la journaliste suédoise Kajsa Ekman non seulement en tant qu'instrumentalisation des unes au profit des autres, mais également dans la dimension dissociative de soi qui la marque. Ce livre qui s'appuie sur une riche documentation et une enquête menée dans plusieurs pays, est une contribution capitale à la compréhension de la dynamique actuelle des formes renouvelées de l'oppression des femmes et déconstruit les discours les légitimant.

Generations of social thinkers have assumed that access to legitimate paid employment and a decline in the ‘double standard'would eliminate the reasons behind women's participation in prostitution. Yet in both the developing world and in postindustrial cities of the West, sexual commerce has continued to flourish, diversifying along technological, spatial, and social lines. In this deeply engaging and theoretically provocative study, Elizabeth Bernstein examines the social features that undergird the expansion and diversification of commercialized sex, demonstrating the ways that postindustrial economic and cultural formations have spawned rapid and unforeseen changes in the forms, meanings, and spatial organization of sexual labor. Drawing upon dynamic and innovative research with sex workers, their clients, and state actors, Bernstein argues that in cities such as San Francisco, Stockholm, and Amstersdam, the nature of what is purchased in commercial sexual encounters is also new. Rather than the expedient exchange of cash for sexual relations, what sex workers are increasingly paid to offer their clients is an erotic experience premised upon the performance of authentic interpersonal connection. As such, contemporary sex markets are emblematic of a cultural moment in which the boundaries between intimacy and commerce—and between public life and private—have been radically redrawn. Not simply a compelling exploration of the changing landscape of sex-work, Temporarily Yours ultimately lays bare the intimate intersections of political economy, desire, and culture.

Published in 1912 on the heels of Twenty Years at Hull-House and at the height of Jane Addams's popularity, A New Conscience and an Ancient Evil assesses the vulnerability of the rural and immigrant working-class girls who moved to Chicago and fell prey to the sexual bartering of what was known as the white slave trade. Addams offers lurid accounts–-drawn from the records of Chicago's Juvenile Protection Association–-of young women coerced into lives of prostitution by men who lurked outside hotels and sweatshops. Because they lacked funds for proper recreation, Addams argues, poor and socially marginalized women were susceptible to sexual slavery, and without radical social change they would perhaps be'almost as free'as young men. In addition to promoting higher wages and better living conditions, Addams suggests that a longer period of public education for young women would deter them from the dangers of city life. Despite its appeal to middle–class readers eager for tales of sexual excess and the rape of innocence, the press and prominent intellectuals criticized A New Conscience and an Ancient Evil for being disproportionately hysterical to its philosophical weight. Katherine Joslin's introduction considers the controversial reactions to the book and the circumstances of its publication. Behind the sensationalism of the narratives, Joslin locates themes including the commodification of sex and the importance of marriage for young women.

This book, the second of two volumes, examines the pressing issues that affect women—pornography, prostitution, battery, rape, pay equity, sexual harassment, motherhood, abortion, adoption, new reproductive technologies—and considers them through the lens of feminist legal theory. It features more than sixty articles by well-known legal scholars and feminists. The contributions are arranged thematically and include an introduction and comprehensive literature review by the editor. Applications of Feminist Legal Theory to Women's Lives will be a valuable text for students, a resource for scholars and policy makers, and a useful introduction for general readers.