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This book offers a unique glimpse into the world of culturally diverse psychotherapists by exploring the professional experiences of Latino clinicians. Through their narratives, these therapists provide distinct and essential case studies that emphasize the significance of their identities as catalysts for transformation within the field of mental health. Rich with real-world examples, this book captures pivotal moments in the lives of these therapists, presented in narrative or testimonio formats. By incorporating these personal experiences, the book contributes significantly to the processes of decolonization and the re-centering of power within marginalized communities. It acknowledges the complex dynamics these individuals navigate as they interact with various systems, offering fertile ground for growth and change. These clinicians represent a range of identities, including first-generation immigrants, individuals from low socioeconomic backgrounds, first-generation college attendees, Latinx individuals, bilingual practitioners, and those with bicultural backgrounds.

Der Band befasst sich mit der ganzen Bandbreite an fachlich diversen Themen und gibt einen Überblick über den empirischen Forschungsstand aus der Perspektive der verschiedenen Fachdisziplinen. Das Bestreben hierbei ist es, zum einen eine möglichst breite (wissenschaftliche) Öffentlichkeit zu erreichen und das Bewusstsein für ein Thema zu erhöhen, welches im Alltag große Wirkungsmacht entfalten kann. Dabei handelt es sich bei physischer Attraktivität um einen häufig unterschätzen Faktor des Sozialen. Das Buch schließt die wissenschaftliche Lücke bezüglich der systematischen Aufarbeitung der quantitativ empirischen Forschung zur Wirkung physischer Attraktivität, damit es einen – für die wissenschaftliche Öffentlichkeit zugänglichen – „Grundkanon“ der bestehenden Forschung gibt, der Andere zur Replikation und zum kritischen Diskurs anhalten soll.

Dieses Buch analysiert den Anstieg von Fremdenfeindlichkeit, Rassismus und rechtsradikalen politischen Parteien, Bewegungen und gewalttätigen Gruppen in den letzten Jahren.Der Autor gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der internationalen und interdisziplinären Forschung zu den vielschichtigen Erklärungen für rechtsradikales Gedankengut und vergleicht Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede in Europa und den Vereinigten Staaten. Durch die Integration von Erkenntnissen aus Psychologie, Geschichte, Sozial- und Lebenswissenschaften schlägt er ein biopsychosoziologisches Modell der Bedingungen, Ursachen, Katalysatoren und Auslöser von Phänomenen der radikalen Rechten in der ganzen Welt vor. Auf der Grundlage einer Analyse von'Nachfrage'und'Angebot'untersucht Wahl das Zusammenspiel von evolutionären emotionalen Mechanismen und Sozialisationsprozessen mit verschiedenen Umweltbedingungen und den daraus resultierenden Erscheinungsformen rechtsradikaler Gruppen, um Strategien zurVerlangsamung des Aufstiegs und der Auswirkungen der radikalen Rechten zu ermitteln.

Was ist Persönlichkeit? Und wie kann sie wissenschaftlich erschlossen und diagnostiziert werden? Vor allem in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts entfaltete die kulturell voraussetzungsreiche Idee der Persönlichkeit innerhalb der psychologischen Wissenschaften große produktive Kraft. David Keller stellt eine Vielfalt von Medien und Techniken in den Mittelpunkt seiner systematischen Untersuchung, die mobilisiert wurden, um'Persönlichkeit'anhand experimenteller Suchprozesse als ein stabiles Konzept der Humanwissenschaften zu legitimieren. Dabei verdeutlicht seine Rekonstruktion einschlägiger Forschungs- und Diagnosepraktiken sowie die Betrachtung popularisierender Diskurse, wie die Suche nach der Persönlichkeit nicht allein eine wissensstiftende Funktion besaß, sondern zuletzt immer neue Fragen aufwarf. Auf diese Weise wurde sie zu einer fortgesetzten Herausforderung für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen.

This book aims at shifting the emphasis from a general vision of gender-based violence to a more opaque, yet equally destructive one, that related to'proximity violence'.The first type of violence is exercised in multiple situations and in the generality of relationships experienced by people involving others who are both strangers to and intimate with each other. Proximity violence provides and includes a fiduciary kind of'proximity', of'dependent intimacy', where the trust that the victim places in the other (her tormentor) favours the exercise of violence itself, allowing it to take place, thus making it practically imperceptible when not actually normal, in extreme cases.In turn, this confidence is comparable to'a veil of Maja'which, in conditions of vulnerability typical of victims, attenuates the consequences of the violence undergone or the omens of what becomes violent action.The conceptual triad: proximity violence, vulnerability, resistance-resilience is explored here, in the three main chapters and in the details aimed at identifying, in the final chapter, the mutual interconnections. This book will be of particular interest and use to undergraduate and graduate students of sociology and gender studies

This concise monograph introduces and examines social influence from the perspective of the so-called target, rather than from the source, thus providing for the first time a bidirectional account of this pervasive social phenomenon, further bridging simple micro-level dyadic interaction rules with macro-level properties of the (social) system. This integrative approach allows for advanced models of influence to be developed in both the social and natural sciences (e.g. social animals). In particular, when used to investigate emergent properties of social change, this approach shows that social transitions occur as “bubbles of new” in the “sea of old.” While in the traditional view influence is synonymous with achieving power and control over others, the present approach to social influence puts the emphasis on the target's motives and strategies. Here, the target may actively seek out influence to help forge opinions and achieve guidance regarding courses of action. In this process, the target observes others, models their thought and behavior, and asks for information and opinions. In this broadened perspective, the processes of social influence enables those being influenced (the targets) to use the knowledge and processing capacity of influence sources to maximize their access to information, minimize their processing effort, while optimizing their own functioning and that of the social system in which they evolve. This short text addresses above all scientists interested in social influence in the fields of psychology, sociology, economy, marketing, and biology. However, also researchers interested in modeling social processes, especially opinion dynamics and social change, such as computer scientists, physicists and applied mathematicians will benefit from the insights provided.

This book explores the nature and impact of stalking and criminal justice system responses to this type of abuse based on the experiences and lived realities of victims. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 26 self-defined victims of stalking in England and Wales, it explores the psychological and social effects of this hidden and misunderstood form of interpersonal violence. Korkodeilou's work seeks to improve understanding regarding this type of abuse, contribute to feminist criminology and gender-based violence literature, and expand scholarly knowledge with her research's theoretical, methodological and practical implications. Victims of Stalking will appeal to academics in the fields of victimology, victimisation, gender-based and interpersonal violence, criminal justice system responses to victims and to criminal justice system professionals (e.g. police officers, probation officers, and lawyers).

Diese Arbeit widmet sich dem Thema der szenespezifischen Moden. Der Kern dieser Forschungsarbeit besteht daraus, anhand einer ethnographischen Studie das szenespezifische Modephänomen im Kontext der Hip-Hop-Szene in seinen Strukturen abzubilden und dessen Facetten, Bedeutungen und Differenzierungen aufzudecken, um daran anknüpfend aufzuzeigen, welche Produkte beziehungsweise Produkteigenschaften die Szene-Mitglieder als Mode deklarieren und konsumieren und welchen Stellenwert dieses Phänomen innerhalb der Szene einnimmt. Die übergreifende Zielstellung bildet dabei die Generierung eines differenzierteren Betrachtungsansatzes des Modephänomens, welcher auf die Vergemeinschaftungsform der Hip-Hop-Szene bezogen ist und deren innere Strukturen und Facetten berücksichtigt.Der InhaltForschungsstand: Moden und Szenen • Forschungsstand: Hip-Hop-Szene • Forschungsdesign • Konsumrelevante Werte, Strukturen und Relationen in der Hip-Hop-Szene • Produktkonsum in der Hip-Hop-Szene • Moden in der Hip-Hop-SzeneDer AutorMarco Krause ist Soziologe mit Fokus auf den Bereich Konsumsoziologie und Consultant im Bereich Digital Intelligence.

This book not only seeks to theoretically analyze the concept, chief characteristics and framework of “social mentality”, but also explores the influence of social mentality on such elements of social functioning as individuals, groups, societies, markets and countries, and the influence of such elements as cultural, social, economic, political and mental factors on social mentality. Besides, this book discusses the structure of social mentality, tools for measuring it, and an indicator system. What's more, it explores the role of the social mentality mechanism in the construction of harmonious societies.

The notion of individual differences in health and illness stems from the unique organization of behavior that profoundly affects how each individual maintains health, expresses and experiences symptoms of illness, and reacts to efforts at treatment. It is difficult to fully understand the interaction between personality and physical wellbeing beca

In diesem Buch entwickelt der Autor konzeptionell ein ganzheitliches, theoretisch fundiertes Modell zur Überwindung aktueller Veränderungsdynamiken im politischen Markt der BRD: das persönlichkeitsbasierte Identifikationsmodell. Seine über die Grenzen einer wissenschaftlichen Domäne hinausgehende Genese erlaubt nicht nur eine Neubestimmung des Verhältnisses zwischen politischen Akteuren und Wählern. Durch die Einbettung in einen markenstrategischen Führungsprozess sieht es sich vielmehr in der Lage, effektive Handlungsempfehlungen an Politikstrategen abzugeben. Auf diese Weise gelingt es dem Autor, dem defizitären Leistungsvermögen des gegenwärtigen Politikmarketings entgegenzuwirken und es in die nächste (vierte) Entwicklungsstufe zu avancieren.

In The Development of a Theory of Social Structure and Personality Melvin Kohn, a pioneer in the cross-national, comparative and collaborative study of social structure and personality examines his sociological research spanning a six-decade career to articulate a theory of social structure and personality.

This volume presents a compilation of composite indicators created in order to measure important aspects of the quality of European societies. It examines three main questions: do Europeans live in good societies and enjoy good lives; are European societies becoming better as time passes, or is their quality slowly deteriorating; is the quality of life of Europe's citizens improving over time or is it gradually and irrecoverably getting worse. The volume uses a precise and rigorous system of information to answer these questions and to assess the current situation and monitor the quality of European societies. It describes and discusses fourteen key domains, and per chapter, presents five rankings of EU countries based on composite indicators, which are used as one of the best instruments social science has to synthesize a large amount of information, and they are especially well suited to measure multidimensional social phenomena. The new System of Indices on the Quality of European Societies (SIQES) presented in this volume offers a very broad and rich empirical overview of more than 70 social composite indicators and their nearly 300 dimensions. One of the key findings coming out from the SIQES is that, according to the societal quality of European countries, there exist five different “Europes” inside Europe.

Der Wandel von Arbeit, der als Subjektivierung und Digitalisierung diskutiert wird, hat unerwartete Folgen: Mehr Selbstverantwortung schafft noch keine befreite Welt der Erwerbsarbeit, und Technik dringt in die Domänen geistiger Arbeit ein. Der Band versammelt Analysen aus soziologischer, psychologischer und psychoanalytischer Sicht und beleuchtet Subjektivität in der Erwerbsarbeit mithilfe verschiedener theoretisch-konzeptioneller Zugänge. Das Ziel ist, einen neuen Bezugsrahmen für kritische Arbeitsforschung zu bilden.Der InhaltErfordert der Wandel von Arbeit eine neue Sicht auf Subjektivität? Zur Einführung • Humane Arbeit als geistige Arbeit? • Relationale Subjektivität in subjektivierten Arbeitsverhältnissen • Wie brauchbar sind rollentheoretische Konzeptionen in flexibilisierten Arbeits- und Lebenswelten? • Aus der Subjektivierungsfalle zum handlungsfähigen Akteur – Das Versprechen der Aktionsforschung • Herrschaftsverhältnisse und Wissensformen– Kritische Betrachtung eines Umbruchs bei der Wissensvermittlung in Unternehmen • Die Grenzen instrumenteller Verfügbarkeit von Subjektivität – Einsichten aus der Arbeitswelt der Pflege • Entfremdung und Aneignung in der Arbeit • Subjekt-Objekt-Relationen in der Sozialisation, in der Arbeit und im AlltagDie HerausgebendenFritz Böhle, Prof. Dr., Universität Augsburg und Institut für sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung e.V. München.Eva Senghaas-Knobloch, Prof. Dr., Universität Bremen, interdisziplinäres Forschungszentrum Nachhaltigkeit (artec).

Der vorliegende Band beschäftigt sich mit einem Schlüsselbegriff der Zukunftspsychologie: Veränderung. Sie ist allgegenwärtig – und wird doch oft erst im Rückblick wahrgenommen. Zentrale Motivationsfaktoren wie persönliche und berufliche Weiterentwicklung verweisen auf die konstruktive Seite von Veränderungsprozessen, die Freiheit und Einflussnahme ermöglichen. Ein gesellschaftliches Klima zunehmender Unübersichtlichkeit und beschleunigten Wandels erzeugt dagegen vor allem Zukunftsangst und Veränderungsmüdigkeit.In einer Pilotstudie mit dreißig qualitativen Einzelinterviews und einer anschließenden stärker quantitativ ausgerichteten Querschnittstudie mit 1950 Befragten erkundet die Veränderungsstudie die Fragen: Wie haben die Teilnehmenden zentrale Veränderungen in ihrem Leben erlebt und bewältigt? Welche Kompetenzen haben sie dafür benötigt und eingesetzt? Wie kann Veränderung erfolgreich gelebt und umgesetzt werden?Furcht und Ratlosigkeit angesichts der unbekannten Zukunft sind in einer Zeit der wahrscheinlich markantesten Veränderungen in der Weltgeschichte existenzgefährdend. Daher ist es unabdingbar, sich mit dem Ablauf von Veränderungsprozessen zu beschäftigen, um aus erprobten Strategien und Mustern zu lernen. Dem Verständnis der dafür nötigen Veränderungskompetenz widmen sich diese Studie und dieses Buch.

Lone parenthood is an increasing reality in the 21st century, reinforced by the diffusion of divorce and separation. This volume provides a comprehensive portrait of lone parenthood at the beginning of the XXI century from a life course perspective. The contributions included in this volume examine the dynamics of lone parenthood in the life course and explore the trajectories of lone parents in terms of income, poverty, labour, market behaviour, wellbeing, and health. Throughout, comparative analyses of data from countries as France, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Belgium, Sweden, Switzerland, Hungary, and Australia help portray how lone parenthood varies between regions, cultures, generations, and institutional settings. The findings show that one-parent households are inhabited by a rather heterogeneous world of mothers and fathers facing different challenges.Readers will not only discover the demographics and diversity of lone parents, but also the variety of social representations and discourses about the changing phenomenon of lone parenthood. The book provides a mixture of qualitative and quantitative studies on lone parenthood. Using large scale and longitudinal panel and register data, the reader will gain insight in complex processes across time. More qualitative case studies on the other hand discuss the definition of lone parenthood, the public debate around it, and the social and subjective representations of lone parents themselves. This book aims at sociologists, demographers, psychologists, political scientists, family therapists, and policy makers who want to gain new insights into one of the most striking changes in family forms over the last 50 years.This book is open access under a CC BY License.

Persona is the Latin word for the mask used in Greek drama with which the actor assumed his role and defined his identity. Perlman analyzes the way in which adult roles assumed in work, marriage, and parenthood continue to shape human personality. Referring to Freud's definition of maturity as the ability to love and to work, she discusses how a person makes himself known through the roles involved in loving and working, what expectations a person brings to each role, and what personal changes can come about through the demands of being a worker, marriage partner, and parent.

This book explores the discourse of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most debated mental health categories attributed to children and adults across the globe. The authors trace the origins, development and representation of ADHD to demonstrate how the category is produced through competing explanatory theories and processes of scientific, professional and lay discourse. Starting with the idea that medical categories are as much a product of cultural meaning, social processes and models of medicine as they are of scientific fact, this book utilises a range of perspectives from within critical discursive psychology to approach this topic. The authors discuss historical construction, media representation, parents'accounts of family life, and the personal experience of children and adults to demonstrate how the construction of social identity and cultural stereotypes are embedded in the meaning of ADHD. They explore the origins of ADHD and how biological and psychosocial explanations of the mental health category have been produced, circulated, debated and resisted within a culture of ‘Othering', and the discourse of blame.

Heela Najibullah analyzes the Afghan reconciliation processes through the lenses of transrational peace philosophy and Elicitive Conflict Transformation. The research highlights two Afghan governments reconciliation processes in 1986 and 2010 and underlines the political events that shaped the 1986 National Reconciliation Policy, drawing lessons for future processes. The author points out the historical and geopolitical patterns indicating regional and global stakeholders involvement in Afghan politics. Social healing through a middle-out approach is the missing and yet crucial component to achieve sustainable reconciliation in Afghanistan

Current knowledge about effective internet addiction treatment is limited. This book explores how 20 international internet addiction therapy experts experience the presenting problem of internet addiction in psychotherapy.

This book explores, from a leisure studies perspective, the central role that leisure has to play in positive psychology, exploring themes such as flow, fulfilment, altruism, well-being, and interpersonal relationships.

Personality Capture and Emulation is the gateway to an amazing future that actually may be achieved, enabling the preservation and simulation of human personalities at progressively higher levels of fidelity. This challenge is no longer the province merely of uninhibited visionaries, but has become a solid field of research, drawing upon a wide range of information technologies in human-centered computing and cyber-human systems. Even at modest levels of accomplishment, research in this emerging area requires convergence of cognitive, social, and cultural sciences, in cooperation with information engineering and artificial intelligence, thus stimulating new multidisciplinary perspectives. Therefore this book will inspire many specific research and development projects that will produce their own valuable outcomes, even as the totality of the work moves us closer to a major revolution in human life. Will it ever really be possible to transfer a human personality at death to a technology that permits continued life? Or will people come to see themselves as elements in a larger socio-cultural system, for which a societal information system can provide collective immortality even after the demise of individuals? A large number and variety of pilot studies and programming projects are offered as prototypes for research that innovators in many fields may exploit for the achievement of their own goals. Together, they provide an empirical basis to strengthen the intellectual quality of several current debates at the frontiers of the human and information sciences.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Agent-based modelling on a computer appears to have a special role to play in the development of social science. It offers a means of discovering general and applicable social theory, and grounding it in precise assumptions and derivations, whilst addressing those elements of individual cognition that are central to human society. However, there are important questions to be asked and difficulties to overcome in achieving this potential. What differentiates agent-based modelling from traditional computer modelling? Which model types should be used under which circumstances? If it is appropriate to use a complex model, how can it be validated? Is social simulation research to adopt a realist epistemology, or can it operate within a social constructionist framework? What are the sociological concepts of norms and norm processing that could either be used for planned implementation or for identifying equivalents of social norms among co-operative agents? Can sustainability be achieved more easily in a hierarchical agent society than in a society of isolated agents? What examples are there of hybrid forms of interaction between humans and artificial agents? These are some of the sociological questions that are addressed.

Prompted by the'affective turn'within the entire spectrum of the social sciences, this books brings together the twin disciplines of political psychology and the political sociology of emotions to explore the complex relationship between politics and emotion at both the mass and individual level with special focus on cases of political tension.

In der Rezeptionsforschung wird der Umgang von Menschen mit Massenmedien als eine soziale und kulturelle Handlung verstanden. Neben den Kompetenzen und Interessen der ZuschauerInnen (HörerInnen und LeserInnen) spielen das mediale Sinnangebot sowie z. B. die Rezeptionssituation, die Beziehungen zwischen Texten oder die Gespräche über Medienthemen eine Rolle. Der Band umfaßt theoretische und empirische Arbeiten aus Psychologie, Soziologie, Kommunikations-, Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaften, die beispielhaft am Thema der Rezeption medialer Gewaltdarstellungen die Arbeitsweisen einer interdisziplinären Medienwissenschaft aufzeigen.

Kultur und Herkunft, Tradition und Geschichte, soziales Denken und individualistische Züge prägen Menschen. Sie formen auch ihre Neigungen zu Auseinandersetzung, ihre Streitstile, ihre Toleranz und Flexibilität sowie ihre Motivation zu streiten, miteinander auszukommen und Feindschaften oder Ärgernisse überwinden zu wollen. In diesem Buch zeigen AutorInnen anhand zahlreicher praktischer Beispiele auf, wie mit Hilfe von Mediation zufriedenstellende Lösungen für ein konstruktives Miteinander erreicht werden können. Neben dem theoretischen Hintergrund von interkultureller Konfliktregelung werden methodische Besonderheiten, wie etwa Techniken aus dem Improvisationstheater, Rollenspiele und typische Anwendungsfelder, z.B. die Schule und deren kulturelles Konfliktpotential, praxisrelevant aufbereitet. Das Buch bietet somit einen guten Überblick zur interkulturellen Mediation und ist daher unverzichtbar für alle, die mit Menschen unterschiedlicher Kultur arbeiten.

To Have Or to Be? is one of the seminal books of the second half of the 20th century. Nothing less than a manifesto for a new social and psychological revolution to save our threatened planet, this book is a summary of the penetrating thought of Eric Fromm. His thesis is that two modes of existence struggle for the spirit of humankind: the having mode, which concentrates on material possessions, power, and aggression, and is the basis of the universal evils of greed, envy, and violence; and the being mode, which is based on love, the pleasure of sharing, and in productive activity. To Have Or to Be? is a brilliant program for socioeconomic change.

The purpose of this book is to make an effort to bring together a body of research on the subjective aspects of quality of life ('subjective well being','happiness','life satisfaction','perceived quality of life') by starting out with Wilson's (1968) theory of avowed happiness. I build on Wilson's theory by applying diverse but selected fmdings from the ever-burgeoning quality-of-life literature. Wilson's theory of happiness can be captured by two key postulates. These were summarised by Diener, Suh, Lucas, and Smith (1999). They stated that fulfilment of needs causes happiness, whereas the persistence of unfulfilled needs causes unhappiness. The degree of need fulfillment required to produce satisfaction depends on the adaptation level of the needs, which is influenced by past experience, comparisons with others, personal values, among others. Well, the literature on the subjective aspects of quality of life has grown by leaps and bounds since 1967. Diener (1984) and Diener et al. (1999) did a greatjob reviewing a small part of this voluminous and growing literature. But the literature remains quite fragmented. It needs synthesis and integration. Furthermore, the literature needs to answer the'so what'question. I make an attempt in this book to pull the literature together. I do so by providing a common theoretical language that serves to establish a nomological network.

Max Weber's writings in The Sociology of Religion are today acknowledged as a classic of the social sciences in the twentieth century. They are key texts for understanding Weber's central sociological concepts concerning Western and Eastern ‘civilisations'. This book argues that the concept and problematic of personality plays a pivotal role within these works. Providing a detailed reconstruction of this concept within Weber's systematic studies of world religions as well as throughout his methodological and political writings, this book shows its complex development within three strictly related problematics associated with Weber's influential comparative historical sociology and theory of social action – individuation, politics and orientalism. Together they shape and constitute what is distinctive in Max Weber's theory of personality.

Beginning with the assumption that a justice motive exists, the author posits that belief in a just world influences the behavior of most people most of the time. This is true for all people of all ages and in all areas of life, for those struggling with their daily tasks as well as for those coping with a critical life event. An individual's belief in a just world is a necessary condition for a person's sense of fairness and mediates its adaptive effect on mental health.

Tradition recognises five social sciences: anthropology, economies, social psychology, sociology, and political science. But who knows what is going on in all five disciplines? Social scientists from one discipline often know little or nothing about the progress made by social scientists from another discipline working on essentially the same social problem. Sometimes, even of a neighbouring discipline is terra incognita. the methodology The problem becomes worse when we widen the remit to natural scientists and engineers. I have found little evidence myself that they see themselves as standing on the other side of an unbridgeable golf between two cultures. They observe the intellectual excesses of those few'newage'social scientists who see themselves fighting a'science war', but the ignorance of these innumerate critics is so apparent in their grossly naive attacks on natural science, that they are not taken seriously. However, although natural scientists appreciate that most social science is genuine science, they seldom know much about how and why it is done as it iso This can lead to serious inefficiencies in areas in which the traditional frontiers between social and natural science are melting away. An example is the frontier between the economies of imperfeet competition and evolutionary biology. Reversing the usual bias, the evolutionary biologists commonly know little mathematics, and hence find the game theory literature hard to read, with the result that they often spend their time re-inventing the wheel.

Justice plays an important role in our culture. The topic of justice has attracted the attention of scholars all over the world. Beginning in 1985, a continuing series of international conferences on social justice in The Netherlands at which scientists present and discuss started papers, exchange information, and choose new roads to theory build­ ing. In this volume, a selection of papers, presented at the International Conference on Social Justice in Human Relations (Leiden, 1986) is published. There has been some refinement and improvement, thanks to the comments made by experts in the field. The chapters in this volume represent second (and, in some cases, even third or fourth) versions of the papers. As organizers of the conference and editors of this volume, we hope that the reader will be pleased by the content and the high quality of the chapters. There is some diversity, but there also are some common themes. We have organized the chapters with respect to what we think are two important themes: (1) behavioral and attitudinal reactions to (in) justice and (2) macrojustice. These categories are not mutually exclusive, for some chapters could have been placed in both categories. Still, we think the distinction between these themes has value.

Die vielgestaltigen Prozesse bei Herzkrankheiten, wie die funktionellen Störungen und die koronare Herzkrankheit, erfordern multimodale, interaktionistische Forschungsstrategien, die die biologischen, psychologischen und sozialen Faktoren integrieren. In diesem Buch werden die noch vorrangig anzutreffenden einseitigen medizinischen und psychologischen Betrachtungsweisen bei verschiedenen Erkrankungen des kardiovaskulären Systems einer kritischen Analyse unterzogen und neue Forschungsperspektiven diskutiert. Behandelt werden dabei konkrete kardiologische Aufgabenstellungen, wie funktionelle kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, Herzinfarkt, Herzkatheterismus, Angioplastie und Herzoperationen. Die mehrdimensionale Betrachtungsweise soll dazu beitragen, klinisch inadäquate'Vereinseitigungen'zu überwinden, wie sie die Betrachtungen der klinischen Manifestation der KHK von der nur pathophysiologischen Seite bzw. der Herzneurose von der nur pathopsychologischen Seite darstellen. Einzelne Beiträge leisten eine Bestandsaufnahme der bisherigen Forschung, zeigen die Grenzen der bisherigen Forschungsansätze und leisten Folgerungen für neue Untersuchungssätze im Sinne einer multidimensionalen Betrachtung der KHK.

Dieses Buch befaßt sich erstmalig mit dem in der Psychiatrie aktuellen Thema des'sozialen Netzwerks'im deutschen Sprachraum. Neben konzeptuellen und methodischen Fragen der Netzwerkforschung werden die Ergebnisse empirischer Untersuchungen zur Beziehung zwischen sozialem Netzwerk und psychischen Störungen vorgestellt. Dabei liegt der Schwerpunkt auf der Bedeutung sozialer Netzwerke für die Entstehung und den Verlauf psychischer Störungen, der Auswirkung psychischer Krankheit auf die sozialen Beziehungen der Patienten und dem Einfluß sozialer Netzwerke auf das Krankheitsverhalten. Außerdem wird die Anwendung des Netzwerkkonzepts in der psychiatrischen Praxis anhand mehrerer Beispiele illustriert. Das Spektrum der berücksichtigten psychischen Störungen reicht von Neurosen, psychosomatischen Syndromen und Alkoholabhängigkeit über funktionelle Psychosen bis hin zu gerontologischen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen. Dem Leser wird ein repräsentativer Überblick über den'state of the art'der psychiatrischen Netzwerkforschung im deutschen Sprachraum vermittelt.

Racism and sexism remain prevalent in societies today. Based on this proven premise, the authors of Affirmative Action in Perspective maintain that a policy of equal opportunity as practiced in America is not a feasible, realistic solution to the'legacy of racial and sexual discrimination'. Drs. Blanchard and Crosby have edited a volume which clearly displays their conviction that affirmative action as a policy has the potential to establish a society more equitable than the society we know now. Distinguished contributors to this volume discuss the policy from a level of definition to actual case studies and further, to the theoretical examination of the justice of affirmative action. Throughout the book the urgency of questioning current policies is evident; so too is the need for basic understanding of the realities of injustice which draw the line between the advantaged and the disadvantaged.

Early studies of political behavior examined the sociological, attitudinal, and rational determinants of political behavior. However, none of these approaches provided a descriptive model of how people process political information and make political decisions under naturalistic conditions that involve limited cognitive capacity and motivation. Fortunately, contemporary approaches within the field of political psychology have begun to address these concerns. Inspired by recent advances in the area of social psychology, researchers are rapidly developing more realistic and detailed models of the psychological process that determines political judgements and behavior. Early attempts to merely predict political behavior have been replaced by an attempt to describe the actual process whereby individuals gather, interpret, exchange, and combine information to arrive at a political judgement or decision. This volume provides comprehensive coverage of this pioneering era of research in political psychology.

In this book, the authors have explored a series of different types of communities - moving from the basic idea of those based at a specific location all the way to virtual communities of the internet. The ways in which the communities operate, positively and negatively, what people get out of them and what they have to put into them, and the notion of being members of more than one community at the one time are considered. Sense of community is a topic that captures the attention of people from all types of backgrounds. So, contributors from fields such as community psychology, clinical areas, community development, and urban planning have added their insights and knowledge. A key feature of this book is the research focus that emphasizes the theory-driven analyses and the diversity of contexts in which sense of community is applied. This book will make a significant contribution to our understanding of life in communities and to people's sense of community. It will be of great interest to those concerned with understanding various forms of community and how communities can be mobilized to achieve wellbeing.

On an MTV special aired in 2000, young interviewees were asked to confess the worse thing they were ever told during a romantic breakup. One person tearfully responded'that I suck in bed.'More recently, an acquaintance of mine admitted to his new girlfriend that he'has a mean streak.'She decided not to date him after that. Another memorable and painful example of openness occurred years ago when I served as a member of a suicide intervention team. I was called to a very disturbing scene in an upscale neighborhood to console a woman who was threaten­ ing to take her life on the lawn in front of her children. Her husband had just confessed his long-term affair to her that morning and she felt that her world was coming apart. Fortunately, she did not take her life but was left with the humiliation of haVing her neighbors know about her private troubles. The question these examples bring to mind is,'Why do people so often reveal potentially stigmatizing personal information to others?'The reader probably has an intuitive answer to this question already. It can seem like such a burden-even torture-to keep secrets from other people. Hiding such things as feelings of discontent from a boyfriend or girlfriend, violations of the law from close friends, and indiscretions from employers can be alienating. People want others to know them; therefore they often end up disclosing self-incriminating information.

How does an industrial community cope when they are told that closure is inevitable? What if this is only the last in a 200 year long line of threats, insecurities and closure? How did people weather the storms and how do they face the future now? While attempts to regenerate communities are everywhere, we do not often hear from the people themselves just how they managed to create safe collective spaces or how the fall of the whole house of cards brought with it effects which can be felt by young people who never knew the town when it was an industrial heartland. We hear the story of how men and women tried to cope and still want to retain their community in the face of its destruction. What can they and will they have to pass to the next generation and where will that leave the young people themselves, who have nothing to stay for but are unable to leave? This book examines these crucial questions facing post-industrial societies.

Based on in-depth interviews designed to determine what trust is, how it is built, and how it is destroyed, this important new resource provides extensive insight into the fundamental process of interpersonal trust in the day-to-day lives of average people. The Social Construction of Trust furnishes qualitative data analysis and offers a detailed definition of trust in a sociological context. Discussing the theoretical and methodological foundation of the work, The Social Construction of Trust -Examines the stages of the interactional construction of trust orientation; -Investigates the form and content of trust violation; -Analyzes forgiveness based on reconciliation through trust reconstruction; -Presents a perspective on the relationship between trust and self; -Delineates the practice of trust in interpersonal relationships; -And more. This unique text is a valuable reference for sociologists, social and clinical psychologists, and students in these disciplines.

Identity is one of the most extensively studied constructs in the social sciences. Yet, despite the wealth of findings across many disciplines, identity researchers remain divided over such enduring fundamental questions as: What exactly is identity, and how do identity processes function? Do people have a single identity or multiple identities? Is identity individually or collectively oriented? Personally or socially constructed? Stable or constantly in flux? The Handbook of Identity Theory and Research offers the rare opportunity to address the questions and reconcile these seeming contradictions, bringing unity and clarity to a diverse and fragmented literature.This exhaustive reference work emphasizes the depth and complexity of identity processes and domains and presents perspectives from many different theoretical schools and empirical approaches. Contributing authors provide perspectives from psychology (e.g., narrative, social identity theory, neo-Eriksonian) and from other disciplines (e.g., sociology, political science, ethnic studies); and the editors highlight the links between chapters that provide complementary insights on related subjects.In addition to covering identity processes and categories that are well-known to the field, the Handbook tackles many emerging issues, including:- Identity development among adopted persons.- Identity processes in interpersonal relationships.- Effects of globalization on cultural identity.- Transgender experience and identity.- Consumer identity and shopping behavior.- Social identity processes in xenophobia and genocide.The Handbook of Identity Theory and Research lends itself to a wealth of uses by scholars, clinicians, and graduate students across many disciplines, including social, developmental, and child/school psychology; human development and family studies; sociology; cultural anthropology; gender, ethnic, and communication studies; education; and counseling.

This collection brings together leading scholars to explore the'doing'and'making'of identities. Drawing on the highly innovative ESRC Identities and Social Action Programme, the chapters take core social actions – such as performing, excluding, mixing, bonding – and demonstrate how social practices and identities unfold together.

This is Volume IX out of eighteen on a series of the Sociology of Behaviour and Psychology. Originally published in 1947, this is essentially to be a college text in courses dealing with the psychology of personality or with problems of mental hygiene, and to serve as an orientation to the interplay of personality, society, and culture. It should also prove to be a valuable supplementary text in social psychology, and in sociology, social work, and education courses dealing with personal adjustment problems.

Despite profound disagreement on whether identities are essential or existential, primordial or constructed, singular or multiple, there is little dispute over whether identities exist or not. In this provocative study, Sinisa Malesevic interrogates the unproblematic use of concepts of identity, and in particular national or ethnic identity.

For almost thirty years, sociologists have increasingly theorized about and conducted research on human emotions. Surprisingly, it was not until the 1970s that the sociology of emotions emerged as a coherent field of inquiry. What makes this late date surprising is that it is now obvious that human behavior, interaction, and organization are driven by emotions. It was an immense oversight for emotions to be de-emphasized in sociological theorizing and research for most of its 175 year history. Since the 1970s, however, the study of emotions has accelerated and is now at the forefront of sociological analysis. This book is designed to bring the reader up to date on the theory and research traditions that have proliferated in the analysis of human emotions. Key figures who have carried the sociology of emotions to its current level of prominence review their own work and the work of others who have made contributions to a particular approach to the study of emotions. The outcome is a comprehensive book that serves as a primer on the cutting edge of sociological work in what is obviously a key dynamic in human affairs. The first section of the book addresses the range of emotions and how they can be classified, the neurological underpinnings of emotions, and the effect of gender on emotions. The second section reviews the prominent sociological theories of emotions, including theories emphasizing power and status, rituals, identity and self, psychoanalytic dynamics, exchange, expectation states, and evolution.While there is little integration among these theories, this state of affairs will not last forever. The third section addresses theory and research on specific emotions such as love, jealousy and envy, empathy, sympathy, anger, grief, and the moral emotions. While this list does not exhaust the range of human feeling, they are central emotions that drive human behavior, interaction, and social organization. The last section explores howthe study of emotions has added new insight into other subfields within sociology such as the study of the workplace, health, and social movements. These chapters illustrate how the sociology of emotions can provide new research and theory for the large numbers of specialties within sociology. Although no book can completely cover a field, even a relatively new one like the sociology of emotions, this Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions comes close to being comprehensive. The reader will come away with a greater appreciation for how far the sociology of emotions has developed and prospered over the last thirty years.

Organised around a single question: is love possible?, Brown's book provides conceptualisations of love and its possibility from sociological, philosophical and psychoanalytic viewpoints. She argues for the importance of a psychosocial understanding of love and provides a critical discussion of the philosophy and methods of Psychosocial Studies.