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The prognosis for traumatic brain injury (TBI) depends largely on prompt hemostasis and effective pharmacologic interventions. Natural all‐small‐molecule self‐gelling powder, integrating the advantages of self‐assembled small‐molecule hydrogels and powders, is expected to provide timely and effective prehospital management of TBI. However, the synthesis and application of natural all‐small‐molecule self‐gelling powder is still uncharted territory. In this study, an all‐small‐molecule co‐assembled MGF‐H3BO3‐RUT (MBR) self‐gelling powder is fabricated through the co‐assembly of mangiferin (MGF) and rutin (RUT) in H3BO3/NaOH aqueous solution. Both compounds can bind with boric acid, leading to co‐assembling into hydrogels through hydrogen‐bonding interactions and π–π stacking. MBR self‐gelling powder is then obtained by drying the as‐prepared hydrogels, thus integrating hemostasis and pharmacodynamics into one. Remarkably, it displays robust regeneration capabilities, while retaining excellent self‐healing properties and injectability after drying‐hydration cycles. Moreover, MBR self‐gelling powder not only achieves rapid effective hemostasis but also attenuates conspicuously cerebral edema and inflammatory response after TBI by in situ spraying, exhibiting notable neuroprotective effects without discernible toxic side effects. This study provides a novel assembly strategy and application form for self‐assembled gel materials originating from natural small molecules, offering promising avenues for the treatment of TBI in the acute phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, passive radiative cooling (PRC) that realizes thermal management without consuming any energy has attracted increasing attention. However, few studies focus on low‐cost and robust PRC film fabricated by a facile and environmentally friendly method. In this study, via coextrusion blow film molding and water leaching, sandwiched PRC film (SPRCF) is efficiently prepared, and its skin and core layer are respectively high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) film and oriented ZnO@HDPE microfiber layer. Of note, such a sandwiched structure enables SPRCF to possess remarkable mechanical properties, abrasion, and weather resistance. Moreover, with the introduction of ZnO, SPRCF shows lower sunlight transmittance (≈3.8%) but higher mid‐infrared transmittance (≈88.8%), endowing it with remarkable PRC performance (the maximum cooling power of daytime and nighttime are respectively 73.8 and 96.7 W m−2). Furthermore, the decent self‐cleaning performance of SPRCF‐45 endows it with maintenance‐free features outdoors. This work proposes a facile and environmentally friendly method for preparing low‐cost and robust SPRCF, opening a new pathway to develop PRC film following the concept of polymer "structuring" processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing polymer‐based piezoelectric materials with multistimulus responsiveness is highly desirable for advancing multi‐source energy harvesting in wearable electronics. Inspired by the multifunctionality of muscle fibers, a nanostructure interface engineering strategy to create piezoelectric polymeric nanoheterostructures (PNHs) with remarkable responsiveness to both mechanical and nonmechanical contactless stimuli is introduced. Through precise interfacing of polymer nanofibers with nanoparticles via multiscale‐regulated interface electrostatic and chemical interactions, the study achieves a controlled assembly of stabilized and hierarchically organized nanoheterostructures featuring unique interface‐confined configurations. These configurations induce in situ stabilized dipole orientation and significant geometric stress nano‐confinement at interfaces, crucial for amplifying electricity generation. Compared to conventional polymer nanocomposites, engineered PNHs exhibit dramatically enhanced piezoelectricity, boasting a higher sensitivity of 1065 mV kPa−1 and piezoelectric coefficient of 76.2 pC N−1. Furthermore, PNHs demonstrate superior thermo‐actuated electricity generation under temperature fluctuations through cooperative spontaneous polarizations of constituent nanostructures, yielding a higher pyroelectric coefficient of 3.13 µC m2K−1. Additionally, the design enables photothermally‐activated switchable electricity generation and light‐energy harvesting, achieving a photo‐electric conversion efficiency tenfold higher than nanocomposites. This effective and versatile approach inspires the development of multi‐responsive nanogenerators for multi‐energy harvesting and self‐powered multistimulus‐sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing the piezoelectricity of polymers while maintaining all components organic is still challenging but significantly important for developing flexible wearable energy harvesters and self‐powered devices. Here, a novel and versatile strategy is introduced to construct mixed‐dimensional all‐organic polymer heterostructures (MPHs) for enhanced piezoelectricity. By combining all‐polymer 1D nanofibers (NFs) with 2D crystals through epitaxial crystallization‐driven assembly (ECA), MPHs are engineered to capitalize on the synergistic effects of both dimensional nanostructures. The intrinsic piezoelectric activity of 1D NFs is amplified by the growth of 2D crystals, enhancing force‐sensitivity and overall piezoelectricity. The mixed‐dimensional assembly not only enables controlled in‐situ growth of MPHs, but also simultaneously induces preferential formation of electroactive phases through solvent‐induced phase transition. By modulating the epitaxial growth of 2D crystals on 1D NFs, effective tuning of MPH growth amount and morphology is achieved, resulting in significant improvements in deformability, dipole polarization, and durability. MPHs exhibit remarkable piezoelectric improvements, achieving higher output under lower‐level forces with a record‐high sensitivity of ≈670 mV kPa−1. Their superior responsivity enables the development of self‐powered wireless wearable motion‐monitoring systems for real‐time physiological movement detection and analysis. This work inspires the development of all‐organic piezoelectric devices for innovative flexible energy‐harvesting and sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive hydrogels are gaining significant attention as promising candidates for the fabrication materials for flexible electronics. Nevertheless, improving the tensile properties, hysteresis, durability, adhesion, and electrochemical properties of these hydrogels remains challenging. This work reports the development of a novel semi‐interpenetrating network poly(ionic liquid) hydrogel named PATV, via the in situ polymerization of acrylamide, N‐[Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl] acrylamide, and 1‐vinyl‐3‐butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate. The density functional theory calculations reveal that the poly(ionic liquid) in the hydrogel network acts as physical cross–linking points to construct hydrogen‐bond networks. Furthermore, the hydrogen‐bond networks dissipate energy efficiently and quickly, and thus stress concentration and hysteresis are avoided. The prepared hydrogel has a low hysteresis (9%), high tensile properties (900%), fast response (180 ms), high sensitivity (gauge factor = 10.4, pressure sensitivity = 0.14 kPa−1), and wide sensing range (tensile range: 1–600%, compression range: 0.1–20 kPa). A multifunctional sensor designed based on the designed hydrogel enables real‐time, rapid, and stable response‐ability for the detection of human movement, facial expression recognition, pronunciation, pulse, handwriting, and Morse code encryption. Furthermore, the assembled triboelectric nanogenerator displays an excellent energy harvesting capability, thus highlighting its potential application in self‐powered flexible wearable electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fabrics are crucial in addressing the increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution. To meet wearable requirements, stretchability and thermal comfortability are often desired, but which still are challenging. Herein, a stretchable EMI shielding fabric is fabricated via electrospinning coupled with biaxial pre‐stretching spraying, in which a block stacking wrinkled silver nanowire (AgNW)/Ti3C2Tx MXene network is coated on one side of electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fabric. As expected, the wrinkled structure protects conductive network from fracture during stretching process, so as to realize the strain‐invariant electrical conductivity. Thus, the fabric exhibits a stretchable EMI shielding performance of over 40 dB when subjected to 10–50% uniaxial strains or 21–125% biaxial strains. More importantly, the white TPU/PDMS side and the black AgNW/MXene side enable the fabric passive radiative cooling and heating, respectively. The cooling side exhibits high mid‐infrared emissivity (97.5%) and solar reflectance (90%), thus reducing the skin temperature by ≈4.9 °C. The heating side with high solar absorptivity (86.6%) and photothermal effect increased the skin temperature by ≈5 °C. Therefore, the fabirc with stretchable EMI shielding and Janus‐type dual‐mode personal passive thermal management is promising in future wearable products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of flexible and adaptable multifunctional sensing systems for human–machine interaction, especially for animal voice‐emotion identification, is highly desirable yet quite challenging. Herein, a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on ordered hierarchical microhump arrays is proposed and fabricated by template‐assisted electrospinning with a facile, low‐cost, and expandable manufacturing process. Performances of a single‐electrode TENG based on the patterned nanofiber films with microhump arrays (NFM‐TENG) are studied in detail by varying mesh number of the template. Electric field structure of the collector is altered by pore sizes, wire diameters, and protrusions of the receiving templates subjected to different mesh numbers, generating different degrees of microhump arrays on the surface of the nanofiber film. NFM‐TENG demonstrates high sensitivity (15.94 mV Pa−1), fast response and recovery time (76 and 58 ms), a large power density of 122 mW m−2, and excellent ability of structural retention. Integrated with four functions of energy harvesting, pressure sensing, human physiological sensing, and animal voice‐emotion identification, NFM‐TENG achieves real‐time monitoring of human physiological, motion, handwriting, and animal voice‐emotion signals without an external power supply. This study shows significant application strategies for self‐powered human–machine interaction devices, novel animal voice‐emotion identification, biodiversity conservation, and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The surface of low‐dimensional perovskites play a crucial role in determining their intrinsic property. Understanding their characteristics and the influence of certain surfaces is valuable in designing functional surface‐engineered structures. Meanwhile, surface passivation can also be applied to stabilize and optimize the state‐of‐the‐art perovskite‐based optoelectronics. Herein, cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) microwire parallel arrays are designed and fabricated with specific (100)‐terminated crystal planes, which exhibit excellent photodetection performance with long‐term environment stability >3000 h. Notably, it is uncovered experimentally and theoretically that environmental oxygen can not only passivate the Br‐vacancy‐related trap states on the (100) surface, but also create charge carrier nanochannels to enhance the (opto)electronic properties. The coupling effects between oxygen species and the specific terminated crystal planes of perovskites highlight the importance of surface engineering for designing and optimizing perovskite‐based devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, graphene oxide (GO) and polyacrylamide/polyacrylic acid (PAM/PAA) are used to prepare hydrogels with photothermal conversion properties for highly efficient uranium extraction from seawater. Zwitterionic 2‐methacryloyloxy ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) is introduced in the PAM/PAA/GO hydrogel to obtain PAM/PAA/GO/MPC (PAGM), exhibiting good antibacterial properties. PAGM demonstrates efficient and specific adsorption of uranium (VI) (U(VI)). Under light conditions, the adsorption capacity of PAGM reaches 196.12 mg g−1 (pH = 8, t = 600 min, C0 = 99.8 mg L−1, m/v = 0.5 g L−1). The adsorption capacity is only 160.29 mg g−1 under dark conditions (pH = 8, t = 600 min, C0 = 99.8 mg L−1, m/v = 0.5 g L−1). The adsorption capacity of light is 22.5% higher than that of dark. The adsorption process is fitted using the Langmuir and pseudo‐second‐order models. Furthermore, PAGM exhibits good repeatability and stability after five adsorption–desorption cycles. PAGM exhibits a U(VI) adsorption capacity of 6.1 mg g−1 after storage for one month in natural seawater. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results demonstrate that the coordination of the amino, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups with U(VI) is the primary mechanism of U(VI) adsorption. The mechanism is confirmed through detailed density functional theory calculations. PAGM demonstrates durability, high efficiency, photothermal conversion properties, and antibacterial properties. Thus, it is a promising candidate for uranium extraction from seawater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passive radiative cooling technology provides a sustainable way of cooling by the combination of emitting heat to the cold universe and reflecting solar light without any energy input. However, the massive consumption of non‐degradable radiative cooling materials causes resource waste and environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the cooling efficiency can be easily affected by dirt contamination in outdoor environments. Here, by the combination of biomimetic hierarchical structure design and stereo‐complex crystals, a degradable and superhydrophobic (152°) stereo‐complex poly (lactic acid) aerogel with low thermal conductivity (37 mW m–1 K–1), high compression strength (0.1 MPa) and self‐cleaning ability via a simple water‐assisted thermally induced phase separation method is developed. The optimal aerogel has a high sunlight reflection (89%) and strong infrared emissivity (93%) that gets a temperature drop of 3.5 °C during the daytime and 5.8 °C during the nighttime. This aerogel opens an environmentally sustainable pathway to radiative cooling applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuous miniaturization of semiconductor devices is the key to boosting modern electronics development. However, this downscaling strategy has been rarely utilized in photoelectronics and photovoltaics. Here, in this work, a full‐van der Waals (vdWs) 1D p‐Te/2D n‐Bi2O2Se heterodiode with a rationally designed nanoscale ultra‐photosensitive channel is reported. Enabled by the dangling bond‐free mixed‐dimensional vdWs integration, the Te/Bi2O2Se type‐II diodes show a high rectification ratio of 3.6 × 104. Operating with 100 mV reverse bias or in a self‐power mode, the photodiodes demonstrate excellent photodetection performances, including high responsivities of 130 A W−1 (100 mV bias) and 768.8 mA W−1 (self‐power mode), surpassing most of the reports of other heterostructures. More importantly, a superlinear photoelectric conversion phenomenon is uncovered in these nanoscale full‐vdWs photodiodes, in which a model based on the in‐gap trap‐assisted recombination is proposed for this superlinearity. All these results provide valuable insights in light–matter interactions for further performance enhancement of photoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with conventional liquid batteries, all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) show great promise for enabling higher safety in electric vehicles without compromising operational durability and range. As a key component of ASSBs, solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) need high ionic conductivity and favorable interfacial compatibility between electrodes and SSEs. In the recent decade, numerous efforts have been devoted to SSE advancement and fruitful achievements have been made, particularly regarding metal anode‐oriented SSEs with high energy density. This review focuses on the historical process of SSEs employed in ASSBs. The new understanding and origins for the enhanced ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of SSEs are first summarized. As to the cathode/SSE interface, its decomposition mechanism and modification strategies are analyzed. As to the interfacial issues of SSEs with anodes, the mechanisms of dendrite formation and penetration into the SSEs are discussed in detail. Additionally, assisted by a library of big data sources, contributions are systematically highlighted from different countries, institutions, and corresponding authors to significantly advance SSE progress, and certain insights are provided into the underlying relationships between various items in a collective manner. Finally, current challenges and potential strategies are identified for the future development of SSEs in ASSBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive hydrogels (CHs) have been highlighted in the design of flexible strain sensors and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) on the basis of their excellent physicochemical properties such as large stretchability and high conductivity. Nevertheless, the incident freezing and drying behaviors of CHs by using water solvent as the dispersion medium limit their application scopes significantly. Herein, an environment tolerant and ultrastretchable organohydrogel is demonstrated by a simple solvent‐replacement strategy, in which the partial water in the as‐synthesized polyacrylamide/montmorillonite/carbon nanotubes hydrogel is replaced with the glycerol, leading to excellent temperature toleration (−60 to 60 °C) and good stability (30 days under normal environment) without sacrificing the stretchability and conductivity. The organohydrogel exhibits an ultrawide strain sensing range (0–4196%) with a high sensitivity of 8.5, enabling effective detection and discrimination of human activities that are gentle or drastic under various conditions. Furthermore, the organohydrogel is assembled in a single‐electrode TENG, which displays excellent energy harvesting ability even under a stretchability of 500% and robustness to directly power wearable electronics in harsh cold conditions. This work inspires a simple route for multifunctional organohydrogel and promises the practical application of flexible and self‐powered wearable devices in extreme environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspired by the ultralight and structurally robust spider webs, flexible nanofibril‐assembled aerogels with intriguing attributes have been designed for achieving promising performances in various applications. Here, conductive polyimide nanofiber (PINF)/MXene composite aerogel with typical "layer‐strut" bracing hierarchical nanofibrous cellular structure has been developed via the freeze‐drying and thermal imidization process. Benefiting from the porous architecture and robust bonding between PINF and MXene, the PINF/MXene composite aerogel exhibits an ultralow density (9.98 mg cm−3), intriguing temperature tolerance from ‐50 to 250 °C, superior compressibility and recoverability (up to 90% strain), and excellent fatigue resistance over 1000 cycles. The composite aerogel can be used as a piezoresistive sensor, with an outstanding sensing capacity up to 90% strain (corresponding 85.21 kPa), ultralow detection limit of 0.5% strain (corresponding 0.01 kPa), robust fatigue resistance over 1000 cycles, excellent piezoresistive stability and reproductivity in extremely harsh environments. Furthermore, the composite aerogel also exhibits superior oil/water separation properties such as high adsorption capacity (55.85 to 135.29 g g−1) and stable recyclability due to its hydrophobicity and robust hierarchical porous structure. It is expected that the designed PINF/MXene composite aerogel can supply a new multifunctional platform for human bodily motion/physical signals detection and high‐efficient oil/water separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are one of the most promising energy storage devices owing to their high energy densities, the sluggish reaction kinetics and severe shuttle effect of the sulfur cathodes hinder their practical applications. Here, single atom zinc implanted MXene is introduced into a sulfur cathode, which can not only catalyze the conversion reactions of polysulfides by decreasing the energy barriers from Li2S4 to Li2S2/Li2S but also achieve strong interaction with polysulfides due to the high electronegativity of atomic zinc on MXene. Moreover, it is found that the homogenously dispersed zinc atoms can also accelerate the nucleation of Li2S2/Li2S on MXene layers during the redox reactions. As a result, the sulfur cathode with single atom zinc implanted MXene exhibits a high reversible capacity of 1136 mAh g−1. After electrode optimization, a high areal capacity of 5.3 mAh cm−2, high rate capability of 640 mAh g−1 at 6 C, and good cycle stability (80% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 4 C) can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]