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The paper presents a practical implementation of hybrid simulation using Real Time Finite Element Method (RTFEM). Hybrid simulation is a technique for investigating dynamic material and structural properties of mechanical systems by performing numerical analysis and experiment at the same time. It applies to mechanical systems with elements too difficult or impossible to model numerically. These elements are tested experimentally, while the rest of the system is simulated numerically. Data between the experiment and numerical simulation are exchanged in real time. Authors use Finite Element Method to perform the numerical simulation. The following paper presents the general algorithm for hybrid simulation using RTFEM and possible improvements of the algorithm for computation time reduction developed by the authors. The paper focuses on practical implementation of presented methods, which involves testing of a mountain bicycle frame, where the shock absorber is tested experimentally while the rest of the frame is simulated numerically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar thermal power generation systems, including direct steam generation, require isothermal energy storage systems for a saturation temperature range between 190° C and 310° C. One option to fulfill this requirement is the application of phase-change materials to absorb or release energy. In this paper, the basic concept of latent heat storage system is described, and a model of phase-change heat transfer of latent heat storage thermal unit for thermal energy storage system is built. Base on the practical thermo-physical properties of phase-change materials, Quasi-Steady State temperature distribution of phase-change heat transfer is analyzed under low Ste number. Numerical simulation (finite element method) taking account into the sensible heat is adopted and the results prove that the Quasi-Steady State temperature distribution obtained from theoretical is in good agreement with the results of numerical simulation. For a latent heat storage system with low Ste number characteristic, Quasi-Steady State solution can be used as the theoretical calculation foundation for engineering design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]