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Objective To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Bushen Daozhuo granules in the treatment of chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Methods According to the selection criteria, 160 patients with CP/CPPS were collected and randomly divided into the control group and Chinese Medicine group, 80 cases each group. The patients in the control group were treated with oral tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained-release capsules, 0.2 mg/time, once a day, and the patients in the Chinese Medicine group with Bushen Daozhuo granules, 200 ml/time, twice a day. The chronic prostatitis symptom score (CPSI) and efficacy of the two groups were counted before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment, and their cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10), hemorheology (HBV, MBV, LBV), and serum sex hormones (LH, FSH, T, E2) levels were also measured. Results A total of 152 patients completed the study, including 75 in the control group and 77 in the Chinese Medicine group. After 4 weeks of treatment, the urination score, quality of life score, with TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the prostate fluid of the control group were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). The cure rate, significant rate and total effective rate of the Chinese Medicine group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The CPSI scores, cytokines in the prostate fluid, blood rheology indexes and sex hormones (LH, T, E2) were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the degree of improvement was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Bushen Daozhuo granules is effective in treating CP/CPPS, and its mechanism may be to improve the inflammatory state in the prostate by regulating systemic hormones and hemorheology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]