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Existing research supports a relationship between nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and the emotional disorders (i.e., anxiety, mood, and related disorders). The aim of this investigation was to conduct a meta-analysis of the associations between NSSI and the emotional disorders, and evaluate the quality of evidence supporting this relationship. A literature search was conducted from database inception through June 2014, and two reviewers independently determined the eligibility and quality of studies. A total of 56 articles providing data on engagement in NSSI among individuals with and without emotional disorders met eligibility criteria. Compared to those without an emotional disorder, individuals with an emotional disorder were more likely to report engagement in NSSI (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.49, 2.06). This increase of risk of NSSI was shown for each disorder subgroup, with the exceptions of bipolar disorder and social anxiety disorder. The largest associations were observed for panic and post-traumatic stress disorder; however, the risk of NSSI did not differ significantly across disorders. The quality of evidence was variable due to inconsistent methodological factors (e.g., adjustment for confounding variables, NSSI assessment). Overall, these findings provide evidence for a relationship between NSSI and the emotional disorders, and support conceptualizations of NSSI as transdiagnostic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) was designed to be a flexible, evidence-based intervention that could treat a wide range of emotional disorders. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize (1) the range of presenting problems to which the UP has been applied with adult patients, and (2) the settings in which the protocol has been used, as well as any modifications made to it. Using PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a literature search of PsychInfo, PubMed, Proquest Dissertations and Theses, and Web of Science. The 77 studies included in this review indicated the UP has been applied to a wide range of presenting problems including anxiety, depressive, bipolar, traumatic-stressor, substance use, eating, borderline personality, insomnia, and physical health disorders. Additionally, the UP has been applied to non-diagnosable problems such as non-suicidal self-injury, subclinical presentations, and sexual minority stress. The strongest base of evidence for the UP is among Caucasian females in the United States with anxiety-related or depressive disorders. Numerous adaptions of the UP were present in the literature. Overall, results suggest the UP can be flexibly applied to a range of diagnostic presentations. However, many studies reviewed were preliminary and further research is needed. • This systematic review reports on 77 studies using the Unified Protocol. • The Unified Protocol (UP) has been applied to a wide range of presenting problems. • Most studies used UP to treat anxiety, depressive, or obsessive-compulsive disorders. • The Unified Protocol has been tested in 11 countries and with numerous adaptations. • Results suggest adaptations typically achieved their intended results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]