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This research is based on the linguistic meaning of extremism, which is defined by the dimension and the end of the middle, which shows that in every hypothesis or theory, in each constant or variable in which the eyes and positions are divided into three main axes, two extremes and a moderate medium whose attributes are proven And the decision and moderation in thought and behavior, and by adopting the advantages in both parties , and the rejection of the negatives in them, and as the distance from the center increases attitudes and trends negative and turbulent; because they lost this distance to the medium until reaching the end of the parties On the other hand, the extremes in the negative attitudes increase or decrease according to the distance between them and the center . The division in this equation is threefold, but the negatives in the extreme left, and the corresponding ones by cons in the extreme right will be generated by the fourth - party outside of all of this equation; because it rejects all axes altogether, it is my view to the middle of the eye charge and inaction, and to the party yen opposite of the eye negatives and evil, and here lies the danger of this kind great harm, and this What the researcher will try to prove in his folds These papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to activate the role of university students in confronting extremist ideas through social media platforms. This manuscript is deemed as a contribution to the theoretical studies within the field of educational sciences. The paper includes the problem statement, the significance, the objectives, the definition of terms, and then the theoretical framework of social media networks. It explores the positive and the negative impacts of social media sites, shedding light on the concept of terrorism, the psychological reasons that cause terrorism, extremism, and the significant damage it causes across various aspects of societal life. The paper also addresses the educational reasons for extremism, leading to proposals and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sheikh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyah - may Allah have mercy on him - was not only a prominent figure in society, but also an eminent and knowledgeable scholar who produced and continues to produce extensive knowledge that is admired by leading scholars and intellectuals in the fields of thought, literature, and art, regardless of whether they are Muslim or non-Muslim. He closely observed their contributions and gained much from them, despite his rigorous scrutiny of their work. He was a prolific writer, with a clear and concise style, deep insights, and a meticulous approach. He was one of the few scholars who stood out in this era, enriching Islamic thought and spirituality, contributing to the intellectual and spiritual heritage, and studying the reality of his community, including its backwardness, injustice, and aggression. He discussed the reasons for these issues and, through their profound thinking and farsighted vision, outlined the way forward. Therefore, I decided to write this research paper, highlighting the most important persuasive techniques in his famous book "Al-Kashaf". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper, entitled ( The Placed Time in Hizebr Mahmoud's Poetry ) attempts to find out the overlapping between the elements of time and place in the poetic texts, as two essential elements that are indispensable in each literary work. Hence, the study tackles the poetic texts that involve the placed time, i.e. the time which is overwhelmed and landed by the place. Then, the study explained and analyzed each text conspicuously, so that it becomes obvious to the reader how time becomes a place, utilizing the metaphor that is capable to make the different textual elements ( time, place and characters ) mutual in their roles in an exciting literary way that influences the reader, interested him, and get his attention . The present paper, entitled ( The Placed Time in Hizebr Mahmoud's Poetry ) attempts to find out the overlapping between the elements of time and place in the poetic texts, as two essential elements that are indispensable in each literary work. Hence, the study tackles the poetic texts that involve the placed time, i.e. the time which is overwhelmed and landed by the place. Then, the study explained and analyzed each text conspicuously, so that it becomes obvious to the reader how time becomes a place, utilizing the metaphor that is capable to make the different textual elements ( time, place and characters ) mutual in their roles in an exciting literary way that influences the reader, interested him, and get his attention . The relationship between time and place is an existential one. It is not possible to imagine a life without them combined, as they are the two correlative elements of existence, and one cannot be separated from the other. This research aims to monitor temporal terms whose significance has expanded to characterize the attributes of a place. So the texts could make what is (( history ))a place on one hand and could make the word (( yesterday )) as a place on the other hand. Moreover, it could derive ((the era )) as a place too, and the rest of the times that became places including events and characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the exception of Ḥāzim al-Qarṭājanni, no scholar was able to interpret the form of the Arabic poetic verse (al-Bait) which consists of two symmetrical parts (al-Ṣadr wal-‘Ajuz). Based on the Aristotle’s idea of imitation, Al-Qarṭājanni explained al-Bait as an imitating mental image of the Arab tent. Though this is brilliant, it is still an inadequate interpretation. This paper attempts to introduce a new explanation by combining the phenomenological method with Neuroaesthetics via adapting some of its results to focus on the creative process itself. The paper, through theoretical and applied analyzes, reached a main conclusion that the form of Arabic verse is an allegorical image of the poetic consciousness which produced it, and an outcome of its metaphorical thinking represented by the interrelating of the function of the left hemisphere of the brain (thinking) and the function of the right hemisphere (imagination), which correspond to alṢadr wal-‘Ajuz respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, polymeric compounds were prepared from unsaturated polyester as a base material with sisal fibres with different weight percentages (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%) as a reinforcing material. After comparing the unsaturated polyester before and after reinforcement of the prepared compounds, it was found that there is an increase in the values of mechanical properties (Hardness strength, Compressive strength, Tensile strength, Impact strength) when reinforced by weight (4%) at room temperature; however, when treated at temperatures (8.55) ℃, it was found that the hardness, compressive and tensile strength decrease when heat treatment is at (8.55) ° C, the impact strength increases at higher temperatures and decreases at lower temperatures. It was also found that the thermal conductivity decreased at all temperatures (8.55)℃, which indicates that the polymeric composites consisting of unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with Nylon 66 are good heat insulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims at studying Verbal Signifiers of some Prophetic words and expressions that were mentioned in the book al-adāb waatharuha fi al-tawjeeh al-akhlāqi, because the traditions (hadith) or have a good impact on the education and rehabilitating of selves, and correction of ethics. The good ethics are including choosing virtues and doing away with vices. Moreover, good ethics are of the traits of the prophets (May Allah send prayers and peace upon them) and saints(May Allah be pleased with them). This research paper is divided into two sections: section one concerning ordinary people-related expressions, which including taking care of parents, boosting relations with next of kin. The second section appertain to taking care of orphans, and helping the widows, the needy plus clarifying the duties towards neighbours. This research paper comes to the conclusion that righteous ethics are essential for survival of nations, and ethical degradation leads to fast-disappearing of nations. So, Muslims should adhere to the prophet's instructions which were mentioned in hadith in order to promote the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research paper aims to study and shed light on the spatial change of vegetation coverage in the Algerian steppe region. The investigation is based on remote sensing and geographic information systems through the analysis of satellite visuals in calculating the vegetation coverage index (Ndvi) for three different periods 1985 and 2022, with consideration to remote sensing and information systems. Geography is among the most important digital means that work to collect, analyze and study the geographical field in all its dimensions, and it also works to follow up on the changes taking place in it. The latter shows the most important changes in the vegetation cover in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speech is an important means of communication with humans, individuals and groups, in addition to its importance in shaping the mental environment and mental formation of the human being, guiding individuals and changing the reality of societies from one case to another. From this point of view, the discourse was characterized as moving and changing with specific goals and objectives. As for the concept of religious discourse, it refers to the understanding of religion in the light of the data of the age, stipulating the existence of a person who is reconciled and aware of his time, who participates in it efficiently and who relies on a religious authority in addressing it, its rulings and its statements. This paper deals with the problem of reading religious texts (Islamic as a model), a new reading that keeps pace with developments in light of religious and sectarian pluralism, a reading that is a reason to move the receiver’s horizon, and legislate the horizon of interpretation, and aims to achieve peaceful coexistence between different individuals with different religious and sectarian orientations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A This paper talks about the family of Abi Waqas who were a unique leaders as well as princes during the militarim participations which had distinguishing effect . Added to these, they played an important role to expansion the Islam and fixed their props in those battles . They were fighters as well as leaders . We will talk about these roles in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The persuasive speech is regarded as a part of Al-Hhijjaj . Al-Hijjaj is associated with persuation as the association of the text with its function . we found in Ibn Abd Rabba poetry many persuasive styles especially in flirtation poetry . the poet used many rhetorical styles which he uses to convince the addressees in his flirtation . In this paper the terms persuation and flirtation have been defined linguishcally and as terminology the paper also showed the terms relevant to flirtation such as ( Al-Tashbeeb and Al-Naseeb ). It also clarified the types of addressees in Ibn Abid Rabba like Al-Mahbooba ( the beloved ), these who blamed him his love ( Al-Uthaal ), and companions . each of them has special methods in persuasive speech according to the poet desire . And we came out that the most interest of Ibn Abed Rabuh was to persuade the beloved and humiliating her to gain her affection with various persuasive methods, and he did not mention mentioning the idol, the lords, and the companions except in a few of them, making use of different persuasive methods from the use of the selected words for his purpose, the various rhetorical arts, expressive images, and poetic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper entitled Erbil a pit stop on james Buckingham journey to Iraq 1816 analytical study we she'd light on Erbil in the eyes of James Buckingham a foreign traveller whom Erbil was an important pit stop in their journey eastwards and into Iraq in particular due to its important geographical site over main and side roads whether terrial or marine as well as its historical monuments that attract voyagers, attention like it's castle,demographic and social structure that amuse travellers This trip contained many details about Erbil, despite the short period of the travelers' presence in the city. Or he was influenced by the evident evidence that attracted his eyes, so he excelled in describing them as describing the castle and the markets. Thus, the traveler in Buckingham left us valuable, focused information, especially as he undertook his trip to Iraq out of adventure and reconnaissance, according to the circumstances and data that surrounded him, which will be clarified in the course of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the expansion of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula, there was a great deal of mixing of Arabs with non-Arabs who wanted to convert to Islam and learn its Arabic language, which led to the expansion of the Islamic environment and the spread of the phenomenon of melody. Distortion, and they were not only confined to the matter, but went beyond the matter to explain these provisions, and the rules in order to establish them in the minds of the learners, or to support an opinion they adopted, or to explain a phenomenon they saw. For this reason, the grammarians resorted to adhering to most of the rulings with causes that explain their causes, as is the case for most grammarians who adopted the faults in their writings and paid clear attention to them. Al-Ajromiya) to highlight a part of the efforts of Sheikh Ismail Al-Hamdi (may God have mercy on him) in this field, who took from his entourage to Al-Kafrawi as a model, and he completed two papers after an introduction in which we dealt with the life of Sheikh Ismail Al- Hamidi, and made the first topic to explain the concept of grammatical reasoning, and what was written about that It was authored, and the second topic deals with the efforts of Sheikh Ismail Al-Hamdi in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we prepared 4-nitrocenamic acid and cenamic acid (1,2) by reaction of one mole of (4-nitrobanzaldehyde and benzaldehyde) in the acetic hydrate potassium acetate as a base, then comes the reaction of number (1) compound to saturate double bond in brome to produce saturated acid (2,3-dibromo-3-(4-nitrophenyl) propionic acid (3), and then the reaction of (2,3) compounds with thio semicarbazide by using conc was done. Sulpharic acid to obtain substituted thiodiazole (4,9) compounds and then reaction of compound (2) with semicarbazide to produce substituted oxadiazole (5) and then react substituted thiadaiazole (4,9) with sodium nitrate in presence of conc. hydrochloric acid to product 2-chloro-5-substitude -1,3,4-thiadiazole (6,10)..The compounds were identified by physical and spectral methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]