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The article focuses on the challenges and costs associated with adhering to specific manuscript formatting requirements imposed by journals, highlighting the significant economic burden on researchers and suggesting a pragmatic approach to ease the formatting process. Topics include the frustration of authors with time-consuming formatting, the unclear instructions from journals regarding formatting.

The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of highly cited papers (HCPs) in the research field of geosciences based on the Essential Science Indicators database, which is widely used to evaluate institutions and researchers. Multi-aspects, including country/region's productivity distribution, organizations, authors, detailed categories and hot topics, journals and implications of collaboration networks have been explored in this study. The main findings are: (1) USA ranks first in geosciences research with over 60% global share, with most of the leading organizations (12 out of 15) also from that country. (2) The percentage of international collaborations is high in this research field; the collaboration shows tangled networks among countries/regions (organizations) and also indicates close connections worldwide. (3) Despite the dominance of USA in productivity, only 5 of the top 15 authors are from that country, and relatively tight collaboration networks are found among the top authors. (4) The current high-level researches in geosciences focus on meteorology, geochemistry, geophysics, remote sensing and oceanography, and topics involving climate change draw most of the attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bibliometric analysis based on 1845 highly cited papers extracted from the Essential Science Indicators database was carried out to provide insights into publication performances and research characteristics of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Indicators were applied to evaluate the influence of the most productive journals, countries/territories, organizations and authors. Social network analysis was performed to evaluate and visualize the interaction among productive countries/territories, organizations, authors and keywords using VOSviewer software. Results obtained from this study can provide valuable information for researchers to better identify present and future hotspots in type-2 diabetes-related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that Suman Chakraborty, a professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur won the 2022 Infosys Prize in Engineering and Computer Science for his contributions to deepening the understanding of fluid mechanics at micro and nanoscales. Topics include examines Chakraborty's innovations have led to the development of low-cost medical devices for healthcare in resource-limited areas.

This work deals with the performance of a microbial fuel cell, focusing on the electrocatalytic activity of selected cathodes constructed by coating nanocomposites over graphite felt under neutral pH in a doublechamber configuration using paper-recycled waste water as a typical electrolyte. Among all cathodes, iron phthalocyanine (FePc) combined multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) shows the highest power density (9.34 W/m2) compared to other two catalysts, FePc/Ketjan black (4.68 W/m2) and MWCNT (2.9 W/m2) under similar conditions of using a reference platinum/carbon (Pt/C) loading of 0.5 mg/cm2. The morphology of these catalyst coated electrodes was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Their electrocatalytic activities were examined using cyclic voltammetry. This work provides an appropriate alternative for cathode catalysts in treatment as well as in electricity production as demonstrated by the high power density of the above catalysts compared to that using precious Pt metal catalyst in microbial fuel cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya was an eminent general relativist, gravitation theorist, physicist, mathematician, educationist and a follower of Gandhian philosophy in post-independence India. Apart from his scientific career, Vaidya is renowned for his Vaidya metric. Though he has contributed significantly to the scientific community, very few people are aware about him or his contributions. As 23 May 2019 was the 101st birth anniversary of Vaidya, here we present his contributions and their impact through a bibliometric study. This study presents an analysis of published research works of Vaidya. During his active career, he had contributed 102 publications, including 90 journal articles, 5 conference papers, 4 book chapters, 2 review articles and 1 report. His publications have received 2004 citations, h-index of 18 and i10-index of 29 from 1979 to 2018. We analysed Vaidya's publications by type, country, journals, publishers, citations, year-wise growth, collaborated authors, top cited papers, etc. This bibliometric study is an effort to draw the attention of the younger generation of scientists to Vaidya and his contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined the incidence rate of reviews being mislabelled by Scopus, and compared this rate with Web of Science (WoS), PubMed and official websites of publishers. Top 400 cited publications defined by Scopus as ‘articles’ were examined. Their contents were evaluated to see if any were actually reviews. These publications were cross-checked in WoS, PubMed and publisher websites to identify the assigned document type labels. Out of the 400 Scopus ‘articles’, 117 were reviews (29.3%). The official websites of publishers had 16.0% incidence of mislabelled reviews, which was less than Scopus (29.3%) but more than WoS (14.1%) and PubMed (1.9%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses that researchers from Nagarjuna Post Graduate College of Science and Pt Ravishankar Shukla University have collaborated with colleagues at the Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya have invented a low-cost method, smartphone-integrated paper sensor for detecting pesticides in food.

Research papers published by Chinese and Indian researchers during 1998-2007 and cited at least 100 times by end of 2009 are analysed. There were 776 papers with at least one author from India (amounting to 0.32% of all papers from India) and 2260 papers with at least one author from China (0.4% of all papers from China) that have gone on to be cited at least 100 times. We have identified prominent authors and institutions, journals used and fields of research. Although highly cited Chinese papers were cited on average less often than the highly cited papers from India, Chinese authors have been able to place their papers in high impact journals such as Nature and Science far more often than Indian authors. The Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai and Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore are the prominent Indian institutions, whereas universities in Hong Kong, Peking University, Tshing Hua University and several institutions under the Chinese Academy of Science dominate in China. In terms of citations, Chinese National Human Genome Centre Shanghai, Shanghai, tops the list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore in collaboration with Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited (a bagasse-based paper mill), is exploring the utilization of wild cane in energy generation and as an alternate source of raw material for the paper industry. The germplasm collection of the wild cane species, Erianthus arundinaceus, was evaluated for its performance under cultivation, biomass production, stalk yield, fibre content and juice quality. Out of 88 clones evaluated, 23 with high fibre-pith ratio were selected. Based on proximate analysis, six clones were selected for further tests and trials. This species has the potential to yield high biomass for the production of energy through cogeneration, alcohol through bio-fermentation of its juice and bagasse (stalks after extraction of juice) as raw material for paper manufacture. Energy content of biomass was assessed by estimation of the calorific value. Studies on fibre content, bagasse yield, biomass yield and pulping showed that this species is superior to sugarcane as a source of energy and fibre. So far no systematic evaluation of this naturally growing species has been done for its biomass production, energy content, fibre yield and juice quality, and no commercial cultivation for its co-products has been attempted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apart from citation counting, the study of recorded acknowledgements by researchers as a recognizable metric to evaluate peer influence is currently gaining momentum. As a metric, acknowledgements have an advantage over citations. Whereas citations can be copied and pasted from one publication to the next by an unscrupulous researcher without being studied in depth, acknowledgements cannot be lifted in such a duplicitous style. Here I present an exploratory survey of acknowledgement patterns in journal papers by Francis Crick. Five principal categories (namely, moral, financial, editorial, instrumental/technical and conceptual) were studied from 104 papers authored by Crick, either solely or collaboratively, over a span of five decades. To the best of my knowledge, there are no earlier studies where acknowledgement patterns of a well-recognized interdisciplinary scientist are reported cumulatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is to analyse the highly cited papers from India. The Science Citation Index Expanded database was used to retrieve the related bibliographic records. Grouping and reclassification of institutions with misspellings and variants have been done. The most productive institutions, collaborating partners and Y-index of the contributing authors were examined. Results revealed that all the highly cited papers from India did not receive citations in the early years after publication. Co-authored (or international collaboration) papers received more citation impact than single-authored ones. USA was the preferred collaborative partner for international collaboration. The Indian Institutes of Technology, CSIR organizations, and Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru were the leading Indian institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific biomedical papers widely use chemicals, reagents and/or equipment. These are described in the materials and methods section. The source of these methodological props needs to be precisely defined for scientific and proprietary reasons. The commercial source or grade of a chemical can affect the quality and outcome of an analysis, e.g. in plant tissue culture. Failure to recognize the commercial source deprives a company of its due proprietary investment in a product, reduces reproducibility and thus constitutes an incomplete or erroneous methodology. Such errors should be corrected, which should be the responsibility of authors, editors and publishers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease characterized by intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation. Studies conducted previously to assess cognitive functions in OSA have shown variable results. OSA is one of the increasingly common disorders in India. OSA typically shows 'tip of iceberg' phenomenon, i.e. very few diagnosed cases even with high prevalence. Thus, in a country with one of the highest number of road traffic accidents and occupational accidents, it becomes even more important to assess all OSA patients for cognitive functions especially with choice reaction time which is a very good indicator of real life situations such as vehicular driving and demanding occupational task. Thus, we compared cognitive functions in 30 cases of OSA with 30 age, sex and education matched control using standardized paper based tests and choice reaction time. We found choice reaction time to be severely affected in OSA. Amongst various domains of cognition, attention and executive functions were significantly affected in OSA. Also, there was decline in psychomotor abilities and memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critics not withstanding, citations seems to have gained a golden currency status in contemporary research. Among the 58 million items collected in the Thomson Reuters' Web of Science database, 100 of the most cited papers up to 7 October 2014 were presented in Nature last year. I present an analysis of the most cited papers such as: (1) how many of the 100 ranked papers were sole-authored or double-authored; (2) distribution pattern of these papers along the decades, between 1925 and 2008, and (3) cited number of references in 83 of the accessible ranked papers. Thirty-one among the 100 most cited papers were sole-authored. Nine science Nobel laureates (Frederick Sanger, Walter Kohn, Roger Tsien, Erwin Neher, Bert Sakmann, Kary Mullis, Oliver Smithies, Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein) have authored eight of the most cited papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of the article "Agricultural biotechnology and crop productivity: macro-level evidences on contribution of Bt cotton in India" by S.K. Srivastava and D. Kolady, is presented.

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched its second civilian C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mission onboard Earth Observation Satellite-04 (EOS-04). The SAR data monitors and measures various atmospheric features and parameters. In this paper, we report on the investigation of EOS-04 data for several atmospheric phenomena. One of the crucial parameters for studying atmospheric manifestations in SAR data is ocean surface winds and an algorithm for its retrieval has been developed using EOS-04 data. The wind speed products thus generated are evaluated using observations from the Advanced Scatterometer and subsequently used to study atmospheric phenomena like boundary layer structures. The EOS-04 SAR data is also demonstrated for studying structures associated with tropical cyclones, coupling of rain and wind imprints and distinct signatures of an atmospheric front. The study outcomes are used to interpret atmospheric phenomena and understand backscattering signals from EOS-04 SAR. This indicates the possibility and potential of a gamut of atmospheric phenomena that can be probed using EOS-04 SAR data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EOS-04 (Earth Observation Satellite-04), launched on 14 February 2022, is a follow-on mission to Indian Space Research Organisation’s first synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite RISAT-1. It is capable of imaging in either side of the track with incidence angle range from 12.2° to 55.1°. Onboard SAR system supports variety of resolution and swath requirements and can operate in various modes like StripMap, ScanSAR and Sliding Spotlight modes with various polarization combinations like linear, hybrid and full/quad polarimetry. EOS-04 is the first spaceborne SAR mission worldwide supporting full-polarimetry (FP) data acquisitions in ScanSAR modes. Availability of FP datasets in wide swath modes (ScanSAR modes) is a big step towards scientific analysis for various applications in a timebound manner. For enabling interferometric processing, EOS-04 orbits are being maintained within the baseline requirements of 500 m. EOS-04 has 17 days repetivity resulting in less temporal decorrelation to use the datasets for various deformation studies. In addition to this, analysis ready data (ARD) product, normalized radar backscatter (NRB) Gamma0 product, are introduced to minimize the user efforts for any immediate analysis. In NRB Gamma0 products, terrain induced variations particularly on hill-slopes affecting the brightness of the radar return is normalized by applying radiometric terrain correction (RTC) on SAR images. This paper discusses about the data processing aspects related to calibration, polarimetry, interferometry and NRB Gamma0 product generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Properly citing the contributions of rival groups in research papers is a contentious issue which touches many inter-related themes such as due acknowledgement, priority and deception. To felicitate the 60th anniversary of the announcement of the accurate double helix model of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick, I analysed the citation patterns of rival groups in their four seminal papers that they published in 1953 and 1954. I found that proper citations of the previous model-building studies of William Astbury and Bruce Fraser appear somewhat sloppy in the four seminal papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple, universally adaptable techniques for fabricating conductive patterns are required to translate laboratory- scale innovations into low-cost solutions for the developing world. Silver nanostructures have emerged as attractive candidates for forming such conductive patterns. We report here the in situ formation of conductive silver-nanowire networks on paper, thereby eliminating the need for either cost-intensive ink formulation or substrate preparation or complex postdeposition sintering steps. Reminiscent of the photographic process of 'salt printing', a desktop office printer was used to deposit desired patterns of silver bromide on paper, which were subsequently exposed to light and then immersed in a photographic developer. Percolating silver nanowire networks that conformally coated the paper fibres were formed after 10 min of exposure to light from a commercial halogen lamp. Thus, conductive and patterned films with sheet resistances of the order of 4 Ω/□ can be easily formed by combining two widely used processes - inkjet printing and photographic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) together accounted for about 17.3% of total research papers in science and engineering published in 2011 compared to 7.6% in 1995, whereas their contribution to total doctorates produced in science and engineering in 2010 was 31.2% of the world total. India held second position in 1995 amongst BRICS countries and was behind Russia, whereas in 2011, China not only replaced Russia but also attained second position in publishing science and engineering research papers in the world, next only to USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, ghostwriting phenomenon has reached a dangerous level in China, partly due to the great ease of making ghostwriting transactions through the internet. However, there has been little literature trying to answer such questions as how many ghostwritten papers are published each year and how much monetary value is generated in the ghostwriting business. In order to answer these questions, we performed an empirical analysis to find the number and monetary value of ghostwritter papers in China. Our results show that there are nearly 1800 full-time equivalent ghostwriters in China who produced nearly 8000 ghostwritten papers in 2011, which is 0.1% of the total number of papers published in the same year in the country. Furthermore, there was a total monetary value of more than 4.46 million US dollars generated in the ghostwriting business in 2011. Our estimated results will provide firm data support for policy-making related to ghostwriting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We scientists, whether struggling or not, need colleagues to cite our papers, and increasingly so; we also need to carry out worthwhile research. I present a strategy that simultaneously enhances citations and research quality, but is simple and straightforward. Yet it is rarely adopted, perhaps because it requires integration of a particular approach with necessary tools, aided through feedback, and the tools can be difficult to implement. The approach has four goals: high significance, high influence, excellent presentation and sustained effort. Achievement of these goals is more likely if the tools are used and helpful feedback obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization has brought a revolutionary change in every walk of human life, giving the average person many digital options for payment and settlement. Information communication technology enabled the transformation of our banking system from paper to virtual mode, facilitating speedy and secure fund transfers. Post-demonetization (8 November 2016), the cashless economy got a boost, and about 98% of transactions have become cashless. A cashless policy empowers industries, leading to an increase in employment opportunities and reducing cash-oriented fraud. The Reserve Bank of India- Digital Payments Index was recorded at 349.30 as of March 2022 against 304.06 for September 2021, indicating significant growth, rapid adoption and deepening of digital payment across the nation. During the financial year 2021–22, digital transactions surged to 7195 crores, with the value increasing to Rs 17.44 billion. There is a strong need to make policies for protection against cyberattacks, encourage digital literacy, and ensure adequate rural penetration of internet connectivity and banking infrastructure, with awareness among rural masses to strengthen organized indigenous markets. This article provides an insight into the cashless economy and the impact of digital innovation on India’s financial system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compensation serves as a post-conflict management tool for human-wildlife conflicts. In the Bannerghatta National Park (BNP) region, Karnataka, India, around 57.4% and 95% of the farmers received compensation for crop loss and cattle kill respectively. Compensation claims incurred transportation and paper costs of 60-70% and 30-40% respectively, and it took 7.6-12.3 months on average to receive compensation. Crop loss applications had the lion's share of the total applications, while the compensation paid share was relatively less in the total compensation paid. Inadequacy of compensation was a major constraint. Separate advance fund provisions for crop loss, livestock depredation, property damage and human-related losses in proportion to annual cases can prevent the delay and inadequacy of compensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-term experiments are essential in understanding the ecological consequences of global land use and climate change. Further, it is well established that longterm data sets are prerequisites for effective management of forest resources and biodiversity conservation. In view of this, the present study attempts to contribute to major global long-term ecological monitoring (LTEM) networks and the status of LTEM studies in India with a special focus on Indian Himalayan Region. Over the last 40 years, around 103 countries from the America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia have been engaged in LTEM studies on various aspects of biodiversity, monitoring and predicting climate change impacts in a range of ecosystems, including the mountains. The temporal distribution of past studies on the subject shows a gradual increasing pattern (3 papers in 1992) with a peak during 2021 (105 papers). The established LTEM networks across the globe provide a significant empirical basis for understanding ecosystem structure and dynamics. Literature indicates plenty of permanent monitoring plots from India, mostly from southern India, and their significant contribution to ecosystem understanding. Himalayan regions are important sites for monitoring biological and socio-ecological responses to environmental perturbations, including climate change. LTEM studies are lacking in the IHR; only a few sites have been established, mostly in alpine ecosystems. This review identifies research gaps, opportunities with respect to LTEM studies, and the possibilities for strengthening long-term research and observation in India in general and the Himalaya in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research which focused on the use of deinked paper mill sludge to produce bricks, conducted by S. K. Singh of the Indian Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and colleagues, published in a 2018 issue of the "Journal of Cleaner Production." Topics explored include the recycling of waste printed paper, the cellulose fibre content of paper mill sludge, and the brick making process performed.

This note aims at preparing a list of papers on the contribution of native Bengali authors during the 19th century in the field of science and technology (S&T). A distribution profile of subjects and authorship pattern has also been prepared. The major sources of information are the Catalogue of Scientific Papers of the Royal Society of London; A Bibliography of Physics, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Geophysics in India: 1800-1950 compiled by S. N. Sen and Santimay Chatterjee; The Centenary Review of the Asiatic Society and the Index to the publications of the Asiatic Society (1788-1953). Other sources such as available bibliographies of authors, primary journals and Internet resources have also been used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that Kiran Sharma from the BML Munjal University, Gurugram investigated patterns of retractions from 1981 to 2020 through team size and retracted citations, and she extracted retracted papers indexed by the Web of Science and found retracted publications in the database.

The field of whole genomic studies and investigations is currently focused on change-point detection. Over time, various segmentation techniques have been proposed to identify these change points. To effectively locate segments within a genome, it is helpful to pinpoint the intervals or boundaries between them, which are known as change points. By treating these change points as outliers, they can be identified. The anomalies or outliers in a dataset are the observations which are significantly different from the rest of the observations. They can be attributed to some measurement errors or properties of the data themselves. Studying the fluctuations over different segments also revealed the heterogeneity between consecutive segments. In this paper, anomaly identification approach or influential point detection has been discussed and studied in cow genome data of chromosome 25. Furthermore, the observed anomalies have been confirmed to determine whether or not they are true change points. The two-step technique resulted in the identification of change sites based on observed abnormalities and is efficient in terms of calculation time and cost. This study aims to detect any anomalies in genomic data and determine the exact points at which the data segment significantly differed from the rest of the segments. We have developed relevant R codes for data processing and applied methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital twin (DT) is the latest technology, which helps in generation of exact digital replica of the physical system. In this work, an in-house DT of a thermovacuum chamber and payload is developed. This research paper covers the development and implementation of an in-house cross-platform software application, a mobile AR app, and a Microsoft HoloLens 2 application, which provides real-time sensor data with voice control. The objective of this research is to study the potential of DT technology in real time monitoring of testing of payloads in thermovac system. Results demonstrate that the developed software applications provide a comprehensive 1 : 1 scale 3D visualization of the chamber along with essential sensor parameters for users to monitor the chamber and payload status, leading to a more effective decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the research output of India compared to Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries in publishing pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics research papers. Topics discussed include information on the second position of India in terms of publishing research papers in science and engineering; and the efforts for developing innovation based research, establishing science parks and bolstering training of technology transfer by the BRICS countries.

The article presents a study on the use of lime sludge waste from the paper industry. It adopts the situation at the Nagaon Paper Mill, a public sector pulp and paper mill which is a unit of the Hindustan Paper Corporation Ltd. in Assam, India wherein it generates 448 tonnes of lime sludge per day as solid waste. It notes that Assam's agricultural soil is acidic and that liming is important to maintain the potential hydrogen of the soil through lime sludge waste instead of marketed lime.

The article focuses on race for light, low-cost, and flexible energy storage devices keeps many scientists on their toes and researchers has prepared nickel nanoparticles by reducing a nickel chloride solution including the nanoparticles has dipped a piece of ordinary paper into the solution.

A review of the article "Genius in medicine" by S.A. Pai and S.K. Pandya, which appeared in the periodical "Current Science", is presented.

A scientometric analysis was conducted to study the productivity and trend dynamics of organic farming research in India covering a period of 20 years (2002-21). The present study aims at science mapping to summarize research activity and its essential aspects. The scientometric analysis outlines the year-wise research growth pattern, prolific authors and their productivity, major contributing journals, major contributing institutions and countries along with keyword occurrences for trend dynamics of organic farming research in India. The data have been sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The most productive period was 2017-21 (44.76% of the total papers published). The growth pattern showed a gradual increase in research during the two decades. Research articles were the most common document type. About 20.11% of international co-authorship was observed in organic farming research. ICAR-based Indian Journal of Agricultural Science was the major contributing source to organic farming research. This study has the potential to benchmark organic farming research in India and play a significant catalytic role in further research in the field of organic farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores whether the contributions from the readers will have an impact on science and scientific discourse. It states that a citation analysis was conducted to assess whether the contributions have received noticeable number of citations and whether the contents are of local or more of global character. It also highlights the importance of the contributions to science in general and citations were noted despite their short length.

The article reports on receiving of more than 5,000 citations by a research paper authored by Indian scientists as of May 2015. It states that the paper has been published by researchers from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur which focuses multiobjective evolutionary algorithms that use nondominated sorting and sharing and mentions that according to database website Web of Science most of the citations have been received from China.

India is the second largest wheat producer in the world after Russia. Wheat harvesting in the country was traditionally done using a sickle, a hand tool. However, in the last two decades, combined harvesters have been extensively used. The rapid development of mechanization has resulted in the production of dust and straw particles during the harvesting operation of wheat. These particles have severe health hazards for the machine operator. Exposure to various types of particulate matter has a variety of effects on human health. Such an effect can be minimized if the concentration of the generated particle is maintained within a permissible limit. Hence, the present study has been conducted to evaluate and categorize dust and straw particles in the workspace of a combine harvester operator during wheat harvesting. An image-processing technique was used to study a field data sample collected on sticky paper. It describes a novel method of collecting dust and straw particles while harvesting wheat. Few studies have been conducted in developing countries to analyse the characteristics of dust and wheat straw exposure of combined harvester operators. The number of dust and straw particles deposited per square millimetre was 9-12, with sizes ranging from 10 to 1400 µm. The extracted data were divided into three groups, viz. thoracic, inhalable and straw and modelled using machine learning algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbor. With an accuracy of 96%, SVM outperformed the other methods for categorising dust and straw particles, whereas linear discriminant analysis performed poorly with an accuracy of 88%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study into the trend in publishing research papers in non-English languages based on the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. Topics covered include the preference for publishing research papers in English, the decline in the number of non-English papers since 2011, and the top non-English languages used in research papers such as German, Chinese and Portuguese.

The article reports that researchers from the North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST) at Jorhat in Assam, India have discovered a new use of banana in making greaseproof paper. It discusses the study which depicts that banana offers an alternative resource to the fibre industry. The study further revealed that banana pulp obtained from its pseudostem shows greaseproof properties. It notes that M. paradisica L. was selected among banana species due to its chemical composition.

The article discusses whether the cover page papers should contain more citations. It mentions factors contributed to citations in any journal including publishing in high impact journals, articles that are discussed in media and article stirring up controversies. It also mentions graph depicting journals which published as American Chemical Society journals cover page papers including "Analytical Chemistry", "Inorganic Chemistry" and "Journal of Organic Chemistry".

Rural and remote regions of developing economies face a serious scarcity of reliable energy supply. Focus on providing electricity through renewable and off grid energy resources is becoming increasingly popular. Off the grid or decentralized renewable energy typically considers either solar or small hydro power to fill the supply deficit and increase in demand with time is generally ignored. This paper proposes a hybrid technology mix of various renewable energy options for two remote villages located in Darma valley of Uttarakhand state in the Indian Himalayan Region. Since the villages are at an average height of 3500 m amsl, they are inaccessible during winters due to heavy snowfall. Therefore, decentralized energy could be the most cost effective solution to provide electricity. This paper estimates the energy demand of these villages and identifies the most optimum off the grid solutions, and compares it with grid connected electricity supply using hybrid optimization model for electric renewables. Micro hydro energy generation was found to be the most cost effective and techno-economically viable solution. This paper also evaluates the barriers faced by remote Himalayan villages so as to achieve reliable application of the results of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the contribution of India and China towards scientific collaboration by analyzing several scientific papers written by their scientists in the periodical "Nature" using the Science Citation Index-Expanded for the period 1945 till date. It mentions that India and China have had 572 and 588 publications each but after citations (C) were taken, China had 75,688 citations in response to 23,404 by India.

Bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers of a country can provide interesting insights concerning authors, institutions, collaboration patterns and even useful recommendations for future research policy. The purpose of this study is to conduct bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers from Taiwan. Data used in the study were extracted from the SCI-Expanded database of the Web of Science Core Collection of Thomson Reuters. Authorship, collaboration pattern and Y-index were reported. Results showed that highly cited papers might not have high citations in early years and may be published in journals with low impact factors. International collaboration was responsible for the increasing number of highly cited papers over the years. Institutions can be categorized into three phenotypes and majority of the institutions were characterized with high dependency and low leadership in the collaboration. The United States was the leading choice for international collaboration, while National Taiwan University was the leading choice of institutions for domestic collaboration. With a few exceptions, leading authors tended to be the corresponding author, rather than the first author as in previous studies. It is speculated that this phenomenon may be due to a pecking order among institutions, traditional Confucius values of seniority, and inequality in resource allocation by funding agencies. Providing more balanced research funding, increasing the number of Ph D students studying abroad, eliminating gift authorships, especially partners in a project but not in papers and increasing the emphasis on independent research may be needed to amend the observed patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author focuses on rejections of scientific papers. He states that individual performance is based on quantitative indicators and not on qualitative aspects which has resulted in the downgrade of scientific papers. He further states that researchers are just running ahead in order to maximize publication numbers and citation counts as a result of which they are not able to give much time on the qualitative aspects of the research.

The article focuses on the concerns related to publication of research journals. Topics discussed include lack of new knowledge in research papers which are published with a purpose to increase the number of publication, rising commercialization in field of research publication and need of minimal number of research publications to get doctoral degree or faculty/scientist position.

I enumerate some of the narratives about the electricity sector in India and examine them in detail. Coal is a major source for energy in India and forms a significant part of India's present electricity mix, while the share of renewable energy sources is increasing. Share of hydro has declined over the years, and the share of nuclear is set to rise as several reactors are under construction and more have been approved. The paper comments on limitations of using levelized cost of electricity generation as a metric for comparing different technology options and suggests replacing it by an approach based on system modelling. Electricity demand is rising, and renewable energy sources and large hydro cannot meet the total projected demand. Switching over to a mix that addresses environment concerns has a cost attached to it and these costs need to be recognized and paid. After an examination of narratives, the paper ends with detailed observations about the electricity sector with the objective of providing evidence-supported perspective to public and also inputs for the formulation of policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of 4168 research papers on male breast cancer (MBC) published by different countries and indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded during 2005-2014 indicates that only 15% of the papers were non-collaborative and the rest were published either in domestic or international collaboration. The sub-field of MBC had a high proportion of domestic collaboration. The number of papers written with domestic collaboration was almost three times the number of papers written with international collaboration. The value of co-authorship index (CAI) decreased in single-, two- and multi-authored papers in the second block 2010-2014 as compared to the first block (2005- 2009). Higher value of CAI for mega-authored papers reflects higher collaborative coefficient (CC) in 2010-2014. The highest value of CC is for the sub-field S9 (genetics and heredity). This is also indicated by the highest value of CAI for mega-authored papers in this subfield. Among 17 highly productive institutions, CC value is more or equal to the global value of CC for 10 prolific institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]