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• The progresses of the Primary Heat Transfer System of the HCPB Breeding Blanket for the DEMO reactor are outlined. • The main components of Ex-Vessel PHTS has been sized to be compliant with the new In-Vessel requirements. • Results highlights that the 2017 HCPB BB PHTS has reached improved thermal-hydraulic and safety characteristics. • Further efforts are still needed to reduce PHTS pressure drops and volumes as well as to improve IHXs performance. In the frame of the activities promoted and encouraged by the EURO-fusion Power Plant Physics and Technology (PPPT) department aimed at developing the EU-DEMO fusion reactor, strong emphasis has been recently posed to the whole Balance of Plant (BoP) which represents the set of systems devoted to convert the plasma generated thermal power into electricity and to deliver it to the grid. Among these systems, a very important role is played by the Breeding Blanket (BB) Primary Heat Transfer System (PHTS) as it is responsible to extract more than 80% of the fusion plasma power. In this framework, University of Palermo, Ansaldo Nucleare and CREATE have focused their work to improve thermal-hydraulic, safety and integration features of the Ex-Vessel PHTS for the Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) BB concept of DEMO. Starting from the outcomes obtained in 2016 that have allowed to highlight some criticalities which needed design changes, the paper describes progress and developments of the 2017 HCPB PHTS as well as the goals which have been achieved. The results of the research activity carried out show, in fact, i) an increase of the thermal-hydraulic performances, since a reduction in both total coolant inventory and total pressure drop has been respectively reached, ii) a potential improvement of the overall safety characteristics of the system. Nevertheless a critical assessment of these key parameters reveals that some issues are still open in terms of design integration and feasibility of the whole DEMO BoP for the helium-cooled blanket option, indicating that additional efforts are required to make this technology more attractive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The identification of structures, systems and components (SSCs) performing safety functions is of paramount importance for an EU DEMO development in all phases of the project: design, fabrication, commissioning, operation, maintenance, inspections and tests. Early identification of safety relevant SSCs contributes in the correct definition of systems requirements, preliminary layout and design integration. It may also be exploited as a supporting criterion for selection among the plant variants, e.g. alternative blanket concepts. Those SSCs assigned to a safety importance class (SIC) will receive adequate attention during the different developing phases. A graduation of safety important SSCs is adopted for DEMO on the basis of the IAEA Guide No. SSG-30, on SSCs classification. Three safety importance classes (SIC-1, SIC-2 and SIC-3) are assigned on the basis of: a) the consequences the loss of the safety function could lead to, b) the involvement of the SSCs in preventing, detecting or mitigating incident or accident and, c) the involvement of the SSCs in bringing and maintaining the plant in a safe state. In this paper, the provisional safety classification of the Primary Heat Transfer System (PHTS) related to the Helium Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) and Water Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) blankets of DEMO is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • The Primary Heat Transfer System of the HCPB Breeding Blanket for the DEMO reactor has been preliminary designed. • A thermo-hydraulic assessment of Ex-Vessel PHTS has been carried out in order to size its main components. • Results show that HCPB BB PHTS is characterized by large IHXs heat transfer area, high coolant inventory, huge pumping power. • Further efforts are needed to reduce PHTS pressure drops and volumes as well as to improve IHXs performance. Abstract The European DEMO conceptual design foresees four Breeding Blanket (BB) concepts that rely on different cooling and breeding technologies. As DEMO has been conceived to deliver net electricity to the grid, the choice of the blanket coolant plays a pivotal role in the reactor design having a strong influence on plant operation, safety and maintenance. Moreover, the machine pulsed operation makes the BB Primary Heat Transfer System (PHTS) the main hub of the DEMO Balance of Plant (BoP). Within this framework, a study has been carried out to design the Ex-Vessel PHTS of the Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) BB concept. The paper describes criteria and rationale followed with the aim to achieve a simple PHTS design based on the adoption of easy-to-manufacture main components. Results of preliminary thermal-hydraulic calculations carried out to size heat exchangers, piping and compressors are presented and critically discussed. Finally, the evaluation of PHTS key parameters as total pressure drops and total coolant inventory is reported to provide input relevant to the assessment of the impact of helium technology on the design integration and feasibility of DEMO BoP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]