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Facies identification is a fundamental issue on evaluation and prediction for siliciclastic sediments. The purpose of this paper is to identify sedimentary-diagenetic facies and investigate the influence of sedimentary-diagenetic facies on reservoir quality in coarse-grained deposits from the Eocene Es4 interval, Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin. Based on detailed core observation, thin section petrography combined with conventional wireline logs and core measurement analysis, 12 types of sedimentary- diagenetic facies were divided according to their lithofacies, diagenetic products and related contributions to reservoir quality. The identification and spatial distribution of these sedimentary-diagenetic facies can be determined based on the Bayes discriminant analysis and related cross-plot analysis. The variations of porosity and permeability with burial depth were precisely determined with ±2% for porosity and ±1 × 10–3 μm2 for permeability. The spatial distribution of reservoir porosity and permeability can be predicted quantitatively: high zones of porosity and permeability mainly distributed in the central sections of thick-bedded sandbody, ranging from 6% to greater than 12% for reservoir porosity and from 1 × 10–3 μm2 to greater than 6 × 10–3 μm2; relatively low zones of porosity (less than 6%) and permeability (less than 1 × 10–3 μm2) mainly occur in the bottom and the margin of the thick-bedded sandbody. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Petrographic analysis combined with thin section observation, fluid inclusions, burial history analysis, and core porosity and permeability, were used to determine diagenetic evolution and its effect on reservoir-quality of beach-bar sandstone reservoirs of Eocene Es4s interval in the Boxing sag, Bohai Bay Basin. Diagenesis is mainly characterized by strong compaction, undercompaction, cementation of carbonate, quartz, pyrite and clay minerals, dissolution of detrital grains and carbonate cements, lime-mud matrix recrystallization and hydrocarbon filling. Paragenetic sequence is determined as 'early compaction / precipitation of calcite, dolomite and framboidal pyrite → dissolution of feldspar grains and early-formed carbonate cements/precipitation of quartz → hydrocarbon filling → precipitation of ferroan calcite and ankerite/lime-mud matrix recrystallization → dissolution of ferroan carbonate cements'. In the same diagenetic environment, diagenetic processes for different lithofacies significantly varied and subsequently resulted in great heterogeneity for reservoir quality during progressive burial. Lithofacies for both bar body and beach edge subfacies which are far from sandstone-mudstone contacts, are well sorted and have a strong ability to resist compaction. Abundant primary and secondary porosities are well developed because of modifications by acidic dissolution and hydrocarbon filling. The present physical properties are relatively well and numerous oil beds are developed through shallow to deep burial depth. Lithofacies for both bar body and beach edge subfacies which are adjacent to sandstone-mudstone contacts, are typically characterized by extensive cementation of calcite and dolomite. The present physical properties are bad and dry beds are extensively developed for sandstone reservoirs in both bar body and beach edge subfacies which are adjacent to sandstone-mudstone contacts. Lithofacies for both bar edge and beach mat subfacies were deposited in weak hydrodynamic conditions with high contents of limemud matrix. The reservoir porosity decreases continually due to strong compaction and weak dissolution. The present physical properties are extremely poor and dry beds are commonly developed through shallow to deep burial except for minor oil beds developed in the shallow burial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]