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This paper proposes a novel method for fault location in distribution networks using compressive sensing. During fault and prefault voltages are measured by smart meters along the feeders. The voltage sag vector and impedance matrix produce a current vector that is sparse enough with one nonzero element. This element corresponds to the bus at which a fault occurs. Due to the limited number of smart meters installed at primary feeders, our system equation is underdetermined. Therefore, the \ell ^1-norm minimization method is used to calculate the current vector. Primal-dual interior point (PDIP) and the log barrier algorithm (LBA) are utilized to solve the optimization problem with and without measurement noises, respectively. Our proposed method is implemented on a real 13.8-kV, 134-bus distribution network when single-phase, three-phase, double-phase, and double-phase-to-ground short circuits occur. Simulation results show the robustness of the proposed method in noisy environments and satisfactory performance for various faults with different resistances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the postfault analysis of the operation of distance protective relays from the line terminals. The signals of the digital distance relays are processed in the offline regime with the aim of evaluating the particular relay operation case. First, the program enables imitating the fault-loop impedance measurements of the distance relays. Second, the two-end unsynchronized measurements of the relays are considered. The unknown synchronization angle is determined by using the developed noniterative procedure. Then, the distance to fault is calculated. It is applied for calculating the actual values of impedance for the line sections. Comparing the results of these two ways performs analysis of operation of the relays under resistive fault cases. The described postfault analysis algorithm has been tested with the fault data obtained from versatile Alternative Transients Program-Electromagnetic Transients Program simulations. The examples are reported and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel time-domain fault location algorithm for parallel transmission lines using two terminal currents. Parallel transmission lines with faults can be decoupled into the common component net and differential component net. Since the differential component net is only composed of the parallel lines and its terminal voltages equal zero, the proposed algorithm is based on the fact that the difference between voltage distributions, calculated from two terminal currents, is the smallest at fault point. To be practical, unsynchronized data and the transient transferring ability of the current transformer are taken into consideration. The algorithm needs a very short data window, and any segment of current data can be used to locate faults. The proposed algorithm is verified successfully using the simulation data generated by the frequency-dependent line model of the Alternative Transients Program and the field recording data provided by traveling-wave fault locators. Locating results show the satisfactory accuracy of the algorithm for various fault types, fault distances, and fault resistances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]