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The development of Industry 4.0 and globalization have brought both opportunities and challenges to enterprises around the world, requiring companies to become more aware of their everchanging environment and the needs and tastes of their customers in order to stay competitive in the digital age. This research focuses on the use of IT (information technology) as it relates to marketing and supply chain management. The goal of this paper is to examine the several ways that information technology (IT) is used to improve marketing strategies, streamline supply chain operations, and promote collaboration between supply chain management and marketing. After outlining the types and forms of information technology used, as well as the benefits and drawbacks in supply chain management and marketing separately, the paper looks at how technology facilitates integration between the two. The report concludes that while information integration between supply chain management and marketing activities is challenging, including difficulties ranging from technological and financial constraints, needing skilled personnel, to legal constraints, however it also creates the opportunity to create sustainable competitive advantage based on more effective, customer-friendly, and environmentally aware management practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the deterioration of business culture in recent decades, due to constant changes in the legal and financial understanding of the economic situation and the success of companies, the number of unauthorized activities, commercial frauds, corrupt actions has increased. This is a new challenge for accountants. Accounting fraud, embezzlement and financial crime are an increasingly serious global problem. Inaccurate financial statements provide a misleading picture of a company's earnings and financial position. Decisions made by investors and other users of financial statements based on inaccurate financial information cause enormous harm to users of the information as well as to the general public. Therefore, it is in the interest of the entire financial public that the information presented in the financial statements show the true picture of the financial situation of the company. For this purpose, forensic accounting deals with the detection of fraud within a company. This type of accounting involves an investigation of the way the accounts were kept and how the financial statements were made in order to prove or dispel suspicions of possible fraud. The introduction of forensic accounting as a profession is an effective measure not only for the detection of fraud, errors, manipula)tions and criminal acts in financial statements, but also for the estimated level of damage to the company on that basis. The subject of this paper is the exact determination of forensic accounting in the case of financial fraud. The purpose of the paper is to give an idea of the work of forensic accounting in financial investigations which has everything and significance in the detection of false financial reporting and financial fraud in financial statements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The realm of software engineering continually seeks methodologies to refine project estimations and resource allocations. This paper introduces an ingenious adaptation of the PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) for software development, proposing a three-point strategy to estimate software development efforts. By incorporating best case, most likely, and worst case forecasts, the model transcends traditional singlepoint estimates, offering a probabilistic approach that embraces the inherent uncertainty of software tasks. The methodology dissects projects into manageable components, consults with experts for informed predictions, and utilises a beta distribution-based formula for a balanced approximation of outcomes. The resultant labour productivity coefficient, a ratio reflecting actual versus expected task duration, serves as a strategic gauge for developers' productivity. This study illuminates the potential of the PERT-based three-point evaluation to revolutionise productivity metrics, fostering a culture of continuous improvement and strategic foresight in software project management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text discusses the main methodological requirements for the preparation of a preliminary plan of the guided tour. The aim of this paper is to derive and interpret the theoretical dimensions of the methodological plan of the guided tour in its three-level structural composition: introductory part (exordium), main part (narration) and concluding part (perroratio). The observance of the structural parts in the preparation of the talk is also related to the way of its practical realization (course). The presentation of the talk reveals the topic as a whole. The main thematic content needs to be presented at an accessible level for the listeners, in a logical sequence and clearly separating the meaning and thematic emphases [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patent activity testifies not only to the result of the innovative developments of researchers, but also to the development of individual areas and technological fields, as well as to the innovativeness of the entire economy. In this regard, in the proposed paper patent statistics is used as a measure to define the key technological areas for the future development of society. The object of study is the development of technological areas and fields. The subject of research is patent activity as an indicator of technological development. Using empirical research methods, the technological areas, and fields with the highest concentration of patent rights in 2023 and their development in the period 2014-2023 are outlined. The leading countries with the highest number of patent applications filed in 2023 by technological areas are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Bulgaria, a National Health Information System was launched, which started e-health care. The process covered all participants and main flows of information in the sector: - Electronic Health Record (patient file); - Electronic recipes (e-recipes); - Electronic directions (e-directions); This paper presents the results of a pilot study to create safety of obstetric care in e-health conditions. The aim of the study is to examine the opinion of working professionals providing obstetric care in conditions of e-health, increasing the safety of the processes. Methods and methodology: a survey was conducted among 106 medical specialists directly engaged in the activities of the hospital wards of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Varna for the period January-March 2023. The results are processed and presented graphically. Results and discussion: more than half of the respondents (53.13% of medics and 51.35% of healthcare pro)fessionals) have difficulty working with a database. More than 60% believe that the work process is facilitated with the introduced amendments regarding the work with electronic file, compared to paper media. Aggravating factors for the workflows are the frequent change of requirements in the regulatory framework and the lack of clear regulations for content and requisites of the electronic file. In conclusion, with the rapid development of electronic forms of communication and information technologies are the basis of the most successful economic, administrative, health activities that support the processes of diag)nosis, treatment in hospital structures. They save time, resources, ensure patient safety and improve the quality of service when providing electronic peripheral sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper presents a method through which the economic efficiency of each activity within the recruitment and hiring process can be evaluated within the conducted procedure. In the event of unsat)isfactory results, the necessity for improving each specific activity within the recruitment and personnel assessment procedure in the organization can be determined. The core idea of the method is based on the possibility of utilizing a reengineering approach to determine the returns that the company receives from the investments made during the recruitment and selection process. The need for developing and the essence of the functioning of this approach are revealed. The article describes the algorithm, formulas, and methodology through which specific coefficients of economic efficiency of existing activities within the recruitment process can be calculated. The presented method provides another tool for the financial manager to assess and optimize the recruitment process in organizations with the aim of cost optimization and maintaining competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper introduces a method for determining the economic efficiency of the conducted procedure for recruiting and hiring workers. The main idea of the method is based on the potential use of a reengineering approach in determining the returns that the company obtains from the investments made during the recruitment and selection process. The need for developing and the essence of the functioning of this approach are disclosed. The algorithm, formulas, and methodology through which specific coefficients of economic efficiency of existing recruitment processes can be calculated are described. The presented method provides another tool for the financial manager to assess and optimize the recruitment process in organizations with the aim of cost optimization and maintaining competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper dives deep into exploring the significance of interpersonal compatibility and its impact on teamwork, subsequently affecting overall employee performance. Interpersonal compatibility is a critical element that influences how individuals in a group interact, cater to each other's needs and thus foster an environment of trust, respect and mutual understanding. Effective communication forms the crux for one to achieve such compatibility when collaborating with others in a team setup. We highlight how coworker harmony can positively contribute toward driving team effectiveness. Members build trust through seamless communication leading toward better cooperation protocols. These enhanced patterns then lead to better worker satisfaction while simultaneously contributing towards increased productivity as efficiency gets boosted through effective operations management. Furthermore, the relationship between employee performance and interpersonal compatibility is examined, detailing its impact on various aspects of decision-making processes that rely heavily on efficient information sharing amongst team members. However, measuring coworker compatibilities are no easy undertaking given the varied methods available with different strengths as well as limitations involved. Nonetheless, research indicates high levels of compatibility contribute substantially towards increasing engagement levels amongst workers culminating in higher retention rates amongst team members over time. Assessing individual perceptions of compatibility through self-reported measures provides valuable insights into subjective experiences, while observational measures allow for systematic observation of real-time dynamics and behaviours during team interactions. Peer evaluations garner feedback from team members about their impressions of compatibility within the group setting. Employing a combination of these methods provides a comprehensive understanding of interpersonal compatibility crucial to promoting its growth within organisations. Leadership development programs that focus on effective communication, active listening, and conflict resolution are necessary to form a supportive work environment that helps employees operate at optimal levels. The paper delves into different techniques for measuring and assessing performance, emphasizing the pivotal part that leadership plays in cultivating a positive working atmosphere. By understanding the significance of interpersonal compatibility and implementing best practices, organizations can cultivate effective teamwork, improve employee performance, and achieve organizational success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given increasing enrollments in the online teaching of accounting, accounting educators must become aware of the things that work and the things that don’t work, when delivering courses over the internet. This paper is aiming to review and promote a few teaching methods after performing some critical analysis of their usefulness and application in the accounting domain. The relevant literature is revised to introduce some of the recent accomplishments in mastering the online teaching of accounting disciplines at universities. Moreover, it looks at optimal ways to integrate state-of-the-art technology into an online teaching model and explores ways to increase the effectiveness of online delivery as compared to traditional courses. In particular, the paper addresses the good and bad aspects of teaching accounting online. In addition, it examined teaching accounting courses online at Prof. dr Assen Zlatarov University, Burgas. Our research identifies features in the course that led to its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to data that is not entirely certain, in Bulgaria, 10% of the population, in Hungary 8%, and in Romania, 9 % are composed of communities of Gypsy origin (FACEBOOK:GEN:TR: 2023). It is controversially claimed that the Gypsy population in Turkey corresponds to 1% of the country's population. In Greece, there are approximately 300,000 Gypsies, while the average number is around 100,000 in Albania (official authorities had only given the figure as 1500 until recently), an estimated 200,000 in North Macedonia (the number of Gypsies in this country varies between 50,000 and 250,000 according to various sources), and the Gypsy population in Serbia is around 540,000 when Kosovo is included. The official Serbian population census data, by reducing the Gypsy population rate to one-fifth, state the total figure as 108,193, excluding Kosovo. The fact that the Gypsy population in the Balkans varies so much is generally the result of official authorities treating the Gypsy issue as "it doesn't exist". The lower the number of Gypsy (or Romani) communities subjected to negative discrimination in all regions they live in, the less budget they will be allocated, and the violations of Gypsies’ rights can be reduced proportionally. Gypsy migrations occurred at various times in the Ottoman Empire, which was a "Balkan Empire." Official records reveal that during the Byzantine Empire, about a century before the Turks, Gypsy blacksmiths and grooms worked in the Byzantine palace. Byzantine Gypsies worked for the palace and were assigned by the state to perform privileged specialized tasks. Turks, who began to be employed in the Empire before the Battle of Malazgirt, also started to work for the palace in similar occupations. In this respect, it can be inferred that Turks in the Byzantine palace initially started working alongside Gypsy master craftsmen. This small population of Gypsies and Turks in the palace had a different position after the Turks conquered Anatolia. Some of the Gypsy migration groups who entered Anatolia with the Turks stayed there, while it should not be forgotten that a significant portion of the nomadic Gypsies spread from here to the Balkans and Europe (DURAL, 2021). This paper tries to give brief explanation on the fate and the intersection points of the two nomadic societies Turks and the Gypsies’ througout history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The specificity of training for student midwives requires the application of an objective skills assessment system to ensure safety and eliminate opportunities for errors in practice. The dynamic environment of education now demands the most objective and relevant "measurement" of learning outcomes, and when the focus is on vocationally-oriented learning, the traditional method of assessment usually proves insufficiently reliable and effective. In the methodological structure of practical classes in the training of students of the specialty Midwifery, the place of control and evaluation is significant. Assessment is inextricably linked to the learning process and is actively used as its tool - it serves both to organize the learning process and to determine its outcomes. The paper presents the authors' long-term work with the use of individual clinical cases in midwifery students at the Department of Health Care at the University of Ruse "Angel Kanchev". Emphasis is placed on their use in the ongoing supervision of practical classes to assess the formation of the necessary professional knowledge, skills and competencies of future health care professionals. Clinical casework builds the clinical thinking needed to organize obstetric care. With this method it is possible not only for the trainees to be assessed by the teacher, but also for each student to self-assess and self-monitor. An exemplary Ongoing Control Model using individual clinical cases is proposed. It is concluded that working with Individual Clinical Cases (ICCs) is an appropriate method for checking application, knowledge transfer, and an opportunity for self-assessment by each student. This type of assessment is not only ascertaining but also formative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern maritime security issues have a great importance for Bulgaria. However, in view of the fact that the Law of the sea is governed mainly by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea adopted in 1982, there is a leading international law approach. In this regard, one of the purposes of this paper is to consider the content of the concept of "maritime security". It is required to identify and analyze the components of maritime security as well as to synchronize legislation between countries in the field of both maritime and criminal law. The marine environment predisposes to the commission of a large number and different types of crimes. Most common threats are: transportation of illegal immigrants by sea, theft and fraud of goods, smuggling of drugs, illegal transportation and trading weapons and chemicals, armed robbery and piracy, terrorist acts, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, as well as crimes against the environment. In order to identify mechanism to overcome the abovementioned threats, we need to pay attention to the role of international organizations in ensuring maritime security, namely: NATO, the UN, the International Maritime Organization and the European Maritime Safety Agency. Considering the fact that in general there is a lack of adequate measures ensuring High seas security, we shall overview the processes revealing the necessity of sanctioning mechanisms and strategies for overcoming the addressed at the current paper, problem. Important aspects of the maritime security are: Satellite System INMARSAT, legal acts adopted by the above stated international organizations. The legal acts must be systematized especially considering the dynamic changes in the conditions for the functioning of international security. In this line of thinking, it is necessary to follow current trends in order to build a well-functioning system of institutions at international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a problem-based platform for upskilling or reskilling technicians and engineers in the sector of Machine building and Mechatronics so that they are able to meet the high demand of flexible continuous TVET on behalf of companies operating in the above mentioned sectors. It provides a deep insight into its functionalities, course offers, cutting-edge learning techniques, such as flipped classroom, jigsaw, problem solving, small-scale project, etc. Assessment methodology is based on three assessment techniques: reflection by introducing One Minute Paper, observation by introducing Performance Checklist and developing a small-scale project. A special focus is placed on developing / improving digital and presentation skills of technicians and engineers. Finally, the paper describes the expected impact on the trainees entering the Industry 4.0 market, companies, VET providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These days, supply chain disruptions are a popular topic among news sources. The purpose of this paper is to examine the possibility of integrating marketing management into the process of risk mitigation or disruption recovery of the supply chain. The concept of supply chain risk and resilience is first explored. Second, the main strategies for minimizing supply chain risk and restoring normal operations are discussed. Finally, the author identifies potential interfaces between supply chain disruption management and marketing tools. According to the findings of this paper, marketing can play a supporting role in managing supply chain disruptions mainly by carefully monitoring the information that consumers receive and influencing how they perceive brands and products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper a method, through which the inefficient processes within the human resource management frames could be reorganized. The main idea of this concept is possibility of presenting a human resources management activities passes through the organization to specific process. The need for developing and implementation of this approach is revealed. Each method’s essence of functioning and application is explained, as well as their graphic image. The advantages and the shortages of the application of each one of them are derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is one of the most dynamically developing industries in the modern world. It is a means of increasing the well-being of peoples, of strengthening peace, of universal respect for human rights, regardless of race, sex, language or religion. One of the main and significant alternative types of tourism is cultural tourism. It develops more intensively by increasing the quantity and variety of services offered. Destinations and sites for cultural tourism are established and imposed on the national and international tourist market. Interest in cultural tourism is growing - both from tourists and from businesses, professional unions and associations, municipalities and communities, from government structures and specialists in the tourism industry. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between culture and tourism, and in particular the influence of personal culture on the undertaking of a tourist trip. In conclusion, the social and economic importance of cultural tourism, seen as a symbiosis of culture and tourism, is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report examines the relationship between product design, supply chain management, and marketing. Through a review of existing literature, it explores how product design can influence both the supply chain management and marketing processes, and how these processes in turn can impact the product's success. The paper begins by defining product design and discussing its various dimensions and the process of designing a product. It then delves into the ways in which product design can impact the supply chain, such as through changes in production processes, inventory management, risk management and sustainability. Additionally, the role of product design in marketing, including how it can affect brand identity, customer perception, packaging, and value creation is explored. Finally, the report offers some insights regarding the connection between all three explored concepts. Overall an emphasis is placed on the need for businesses to recognize the critical role of product design in shaping the success of their products. By examining how product design influences supply chain management and marketing processes, this article provides a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between these functions. The article also highlights the importance of considering product design as an integral part of organizational strategy and offers insights on how businesses can leverage design to gain a competitive advantage in the challenges that organizations may face in incorporating product design into their supply chain and marketing strategies, and what can be done to overcome them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An unexpected and on a large-scale expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global health and economy crisis, affecting many organizations. On the first line of the industries, which challenged the crisis was the healthcare one. This is because this industry on the one hand provided treatment to infected patients putting at risk its employees and on the another faced many business challenges resulting from the economic slowdown. Healthcare industry is considered highly reliant on its stakeholders as it is considerably dependent on medical staff. The objective of this paper is to study the role of significant stakeholders of small and medium sized outpatients’ clinics in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given relatively limited quantum of literature on studied area we employed a multiple case study approach, rooted in two small and medium sized outpatient clinics in Poland. The results of this study indicate the role of stakeholders for studied companies was critical. Right management of stakeholders’ relationships allowed studied cases not only to go through the COVID-19 pandemics but also to expand their activities and improve financial performance. We recommend policy and business decision makers of healthcare industry for future potential pandemics or major economic disruption to focus on stakeholders' management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The actuality of the topic of the circular economy is dictated by the need to find a solution to contemporary environmental, economic, and social problems. Nowadays, the increased urbanization rate and excessive consumption lead to high levels of pollution, the depletion, and exhaustion of the natural systems and resources, and also affect the world’s economy and the global society. Those are some of the reasons why the current economic linear model is not efficient enough from the economic and environmental perspective and there is an urgent need for a circular transition. The study's main objective is to analyze the circular transition and to provide scientific information on the possible economic effect on European businesses. In order to complete the study’s aim, the researcher has used a deductive approach by collecting primary and secondary data. The paper is divided into three main parts. The first section represents the literature review, where are given the fundamental definitions and characteristics of the concepts of circularity and sustainability. The second part introduces the key economic effects such as increasing profits, developing innovation, creation of new jobs, economic growth, and increasing company competitiveness. The last part examines five case studies in Europe in order to present how the circular model functions in practice. This part is essential because it examines some of the local progress in terms of circular transition and helps to analyze the circular model implementation. In conclusion, the paper outlines general recommendations for the future development of circular economy policies and also for business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present the relationship and place of the big data modeling process and the construction of predictive models in the analysis of economic and financial information. An effective methodology for creating models in the analysis of financial data to predict the possibility of bankruptcy is presented. The methodology is applied to a public dataset of financial data for Taiwanese companies. The results of the application of the methodology are compared with those obtained in scientific literature from 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The business world is changing very fast and flexibility and adaptability are very important for every company. Therefore, Accounting as profession requires constant innovation and improvement, or more specifically, digital transformation. Software tools used with accounting primarily for data entry and archiving, as well as digitization of financial records through the so-called document management systems are the starting point for the digital transformation of this business function and activity. Digital transformation is making big changes in accounting and it is not only a change in the software used in the work or automation. Digital transformation refers to far greater changes, the so-called online-real-time mode that carry out all business activities that directly lead to an increase in business efficiency: accounting functions and business activities as a whole. Hence, the purpose of the paper is to explain what digital transformation is, what the concept means, what is the approach and the process of introducing digital transformation in companies, what impact digital transformation has on accounting, and what benefits companies have from it. Through empirical research, using a questionnaire, an evaluation and analysis of the attitude of accountants towards digital transformation has been made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advanced (modern) health systems are based on the principles of solidarity, the right to choose and efficiency in spending the resources of the system. They have both social and economic characteristics. The role of public health resources in all developed countries is leading. The present paper examines the status and problems of public finance management. It is based on research realized in 2020. The research was conducted among health managers, university professors of health care management, health experts of Ministry of Health, National Health Insurance Fund, executive directors and managers of hospitals and laboratories, and other experts in the healthcare system. The authors investigate theirs positions about the changes in healthcare financing in Bulgaria. The aim of the study is to identify the main problems in public finance management in healthcare. The study shows that the Ministry of Health have to manage and finance some priority health activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to A.R. Esayan, the founder of the Chair of Informatics at Tula Pedagogical Institute. The paper examines the influence of Professor A.R. Esayan's methodological legacy on the training of modern IT teacher. The article reveals some aspects of his influence on the "Computational methods" course: the development of students' algorithmic culture; the study of CMS capabilities; the use of recursive algorithms in problem solving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of different cognitive styles in foreign language teaching leads to diversification of teaching as well as to the awakening of learners' interest. This research paper evaluates some basic cognitive teaching styles as follows: Individual Differences Questionnaire (IDQ), Verbalizer-Visualizer Questionnaire (VVQ), Cognitive Styles Analysis (CSA), Object-Spatial Imagery and Verbal Questionnaire (OSIVQ). Different advantages and disadvantages in the application of each of the cognitive styles to foreign language teaching are analyzed, and a rationalization of the common use of two styles, or the construction of an adapted version in the combined application of several cognitive styles, is proposed. The results show that the applicability of the cognitive styles is very large while and some adaptations can also be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reform of public administration in the direction of setting up the institution of single administrative points is a continuous process that requires engaging all available organizational, technical and human resources. This paper aims to underline the importance of setting up single administrative points in the Republic of Serbia and the legal framework within which they function, as well as to point out the examples of good practice of setting up single administrative points in some local self-government units. It also presents comparative legal solutions in other countries as an example to be followed in setting up organizing and running this institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research paper examines the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. The aim of the article is to present the ideas of Janusz Korczak about the nature of pedagogy and education. The analysis focuses upon the basic concepts and their content and volume. The reconstruction is based on his pedagogical works and personal memories of his life and work, which he left in heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper a method, through which it can assess the priority of improvement of each human resource management sub-processes in the organization have been presented. The main idea of this concept is possibility of presenting a human resources management activities passes through the organization to specific process. The need for developing and implementation of this approach is revealed. The essence of functioning of method is presented. The explanation, how the comparison between “ideal” and their corresponding real human resource management sub-processes are performend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employees are a key resource for each business. With the digital transformation going even more rapidly after the pandemic, there is a growing need for digital skills in various sectors. It should come as no surprise, as this seems to be relevant also to the Information and Communication Technology industry. Nowadays, there is a worldwide demand for Software Engineers, System Administrators, E-Commerce Developers and other tech professionals - roles that are vital even for companies that are not directly delivering technological solutions. 2022 started as a challenging year in terms of hiring technical talent and in Bulgaria, the situation is no different. For the last years, there has been a growth in the training and education of technology specialists, however, there is still a shortage on the market. Recruitment practices need to be optimized in accordance with the situation to develop more effective strategies for covering these shortages. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the existing recruitment practices specifically in the Information and Communication Technology industry. In the article, the current state of the labour market is reviewed along with the corresponding strategies applied to respond to the market demands. Globalization advanced innovation in employee selection strategies and led companies to applyig creative approaches to staffing. Candidate sources are now fully digital and easily accessible, which promotes competition among businesses to hire the best specialists. Yet, this only seems to shrink the talen pool, as the gap between business needs and supply of technology professionals remains. The positive outcome of this research suggests that managers of technology companies would be able to build a customized recruitment framework for their specific needs and to successfully hire new employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper reviews gender stereotypes in advertising, which have been changing over the years but also have a targeted impact. The current pilot study shares vision of the negative effects of gender stereotypes in advertising, as well as the rejection of the extremely beautiful images present in mass advertising. Factor influences of some elements of the gender stereotypes and the respondents’ gender are verified, and basic dependencies are established through Varimax rotation. The results of the present study show that traditional understanding of gender roles related to male and female attachment and the importance of each gender increases the level of consumers’ confidence, with the surveys targeted at both genders. Reducing the reactance to sexy and muscular images in advertising shows an increase in positive subjective assessment of users of both genders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to describe the specific characteristics of establishsing efficient supply chain information management systems in SMEs. The parameters of structure and organization of design of SCIMS is studied by review on the essence of system design, the principles and stages of system design and structuring the elements of the design system. Methodology for construction of SCIMS is proposed and a phase model for configuring the stages of design of SCIMS is presented as based on the technical literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]