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The carbon emission reduction potential of photothermal utilization of solar energy is outstanding, but the breakthrough of technology is closely related to the management of innovation and research in higher educational institutions. What factors affect such relationship is discussed in this paper. Based on the photothermal technology project data released by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and China education yearbook, this paper analyzes the variable relationship between the output of solar thermal technology innovation and industrial demand. Specifically, the negative binomial regression was constructed based on the technological project approval data. The results show that the input of scientific research resources has a key influence on the development of solar thermal technology, the establishment of technological projects or the subsequent patent application derived from technological projects. The results also show that the demand for photothermal technology and green innovation complement each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advanced nonferrous metal industry is a national strategic emerging industry, and its innovation ability is crucial to the transformation and development of downstream industries such as aerospace, rail transit, electronic information, and automobiles to the high end of the industrial value chain. The research on the evolution characteristics of its cooperative network is beneficial to the research on the mechanism of improving the innovation capability of the industry. Based on the cooperative invention patent application data in 2002–2020, using the social network analysis method and Gephi 0.9.2 visualization to construct a patent cooperation network and knowledge network, this paper analyzes the overall characteristics and evolution law of the patent cooperation network in the advanced nonferrous metal industry. It is found that, first, the structure of the innovation network in China's advanced nonferrous metals industry is becoming more and more complex. The scale of the cooperation network and knowledge network is increasing, and the small world is obvious. Second, some innovation subjects, as key nodes, play the role of "bridge" and grasp the general direction of technology. The structure of the key nodes in the network has changed, and the cooperative innovation network of industry-university-research has gradually evolved from enterprise-led to university-led. Third, the number of technical categories has increased and the depth of technology has been enhanced in China's advanced nonferrous metal field. Hot technical fields are characterized by high intensity, wide range, and stable advancement. Based on the research findings, some suggestions and enlightenment are put forward to promote the development of the advanced nonferrous metal industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Market integration is an important tool for China's regionally coordinated economic development. At the same time, China is implementing an innovation-driven development strategy. Therefore, the way the market integration affects regional innovation is of great significance to analyze this problem. The panel data of 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta region in China with the highest degree of economic integration from 2009 to 2018 are used to investigate the impact of market integration (MI) on regional innovation (RI). The main findings are as follows: the first-order lag term of RI is significantly positive, and RI has certain path dependence. In this regard, MI has a positive impact on RI and promotes RI. The estimated coefficient of MI is significantly positive and has a positive impact on RI and promotes RI. This provides a reference for promoting RI through MI. The contributions of the paper are threefold: (1) This paper examines the impact of MI on RI to provide policy implications for the coordinated development of innovation between regions. (2) The relative price method is adopted to measure the MI, which covers 16 kinds of commodities, covering a wider range than does the traditional method. (3) This paper uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) to test the effect of MI on RI for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The governments need beforehand to perceive the innovative relationship risk because they are one of the innovation subjects in those industry collaborative innovation alliances. However, it is difficult for innovation subjects to quantify the risks for industry collaborative innovation alliances due to the complexity, nonlinear, and dynamic condition. This paper firstly constructs an ordered logistic model, uses the following as independent variables: the collaborative degree, the ratio of science technology expenditure to GDP, the ratio of education expenditure to GDP, the ratio of finances to GDP, and uses the levels of risk as the dependent variable. Then, this paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces in China (Hainan is not included) from 2010 to 2018 to fit the model. Based on the fitting results, the research has gained the relationship risk prewarning model in industry collaborative innovation alliances by using the collaborative degree as an independent variable. The governments at all levels can use this relationship risk prewarning model to percept risk levels and reckon the corresponding probability which exists in industry collaborative innovation alliances. Furthermore, there are regional influences existing in the prewarning relationship risk levels in industry collaborative alliances. The east and middle areas have significant regional influence, but it does not exist among west areas and others. The governments at all levels may consider the regional differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A scientific and comprehensive measurement of the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation activities is the basis and prerequisite for evaluating the existing environment and conditions of universities and is conducive for improving the efficiency and promoting the development of provincial economy. The paper selects the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method to measure the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in universities of China from 2007 to 2019 and studies its spatial differences. Then, the paper uses Markov chain estimation to describe the dynamic evolution process of the efficiency, and finally uses system GMM (generalized method of moments) model to identify the key influencing factors of its efficiency. The conclusions obtained are as follows: (1) The scientific and technological innovation efficiency in universities presents the highest distribution characteristics in the eastern part, the western part of China has the lowest, and the central part is midway of the two regions. There are significant differences between regions. (2) During the entire observation period, the efficiency in each region showed a path-dependent characteristic. After 2016, the mobility of different levels of technological innovation efficiency of universities in eastern part of China has increased, while in the central and western parts of China it tends to be stable. (3) Economic advantages, location advantages, government support, research and development foundation, and the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in universities have a significant relationship, and the results are different in different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the twenty-first century, with the improvement of China's comprehensive national strength and cultural confidence, our country has paid more and more attention to the protection and development of Chinese traditional culture, and more and more attention to the protection and development of China's traditional culture, traditional culture has no longer become a simple symbol in history books but has gradually entered people's daily life with the characteristics of vitality and gradually evolved into various characteristics and forms and integrated into all walks of life. Under the background of the evolution of this culture, this paper discusses the application of Chinese decorative color for interior decoration design and puts forward an application model of Chinese decorative color for interior design based on the AlexNet network improved by Adam, BN, dropout, and data enhancement optimization algorithm. Through analysis, it is found that the AlexNet network improved based on the above optimization algorithm has a good application prospect for interior decoration design. For the traditional AlexNet network, the improved AlexNet network is obviously better than the traditional AlexNet network in color extraction and can greatly reduce the loss value in the process of color recognition, up to 70.77%. Finally, the application forms and decorative functions of Chinese decorative color elements based on the improved AlexNet network in interior decoration design are analyzed. Relevant research can not only promote the integration of new and new technologies into traditional art but also effectively carry forward Chinese traditional culture and promote the internationalization of Chinese color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growth and development of Construction 4.0, new technologies such as BIM, Big Data, and the Internet of Things are commonly used. These digital technologies play a critical role in fostering firm innovation and also have a major impact on firm performance. Based on panel data of 33 listed construction firms in China's construction industry from 2015 to 2020, this paper uses regression analysis and mediation analysis methods to empirically examine the relationship between Construction 4.0, technological innovation capabilities, and firm performance. The results demonstrate that Construction 4.0 has a significant positive promotional effect on the firm performance, while technological innovation capabilities mediate between Construction 4.0 and the firm performance. Based on these findings, it is suggested that construction firms should pay attention to the new technologies brought by Construction 4.0, increase investment in research and development, actively cultivate technological innovation capabilities, and build technological innovation networks, so as to promote digital transformation of construction firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Power transmission and transformation projects (PTTPs) under new energy grid connections are different from ordinary engineering construction projects. With large investment amounts, various supporting facilities, and high safety and quality requirements, PTTPs are vulnerable to the volatility of new energy power generation, climate, geological conditions, geopolitical environment, technological changes, and other kinds of uncertain factors. Therefore, the investment risk of PTTPs under new energy grid connection is particularly considerable in the project management. For the owner of PTTPs, adopting the engineering-procurement-construction (EPC) mode is an effective attempt to solve the project construction problems faced by the owners. Thus, this paper deeply excavates the key risk points of PTTPs in the initial investment phase under the EPC mode and constructs the novel risk evaluation index system from the perspectives of economy, management, policy, society, and environment. An assessment model is established based on triangle fuzzy number-hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTS-TFNs), the entropy method, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which is used to evaluate the investment risk of PTTPs to provide reference for power grid corporations to control project risks. Finally, a case study in the Hexi Corridor region, Gansu Province, China, is illustrated to demonstrate the rationality of the decision model and find management risks are the most vital risk factors for PTTPs under EPC mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small, medium, and micro enterprises play an important role in the development of the national economy and are of great significance in promoting technological innovation, relieving employment pressure, facilitating people's lives, and maintaining social stability. But in China, small, medium, and micro enterprises generally exist in the phenomenon of "financing difficulties." Therefore, we need to find a method to forecast its credit risk. By using Python, SPSS, and other software, based on a two-component logistic regression model, assisted by multievaluation model and supported by game theory, this paper establishes an innovative comprehensive credit risk assessment model for small, medium, and micro enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes a comprehensive description of the innovation ecosystem from three perspectives, the concept refinement of the innovation ecosystem, factor symbiosis, and system efficiency, since the traditional definition of innovation ecosystem is not sufficient to fully describe the innovation ecosystem. With grounded theory for reference, the concept of innovation ecosystem is reconstructed, and it is discovered that the conceptual model of innovation ecosystem is composed of main categories and subcategories. The main category is the innovation population and innovation habitat category in the innovation ecosystem, and the subcategory is the input and output activities of the innovation subjects in the innovation ecosystem. The concept refinement of the innovation ecosystem based on the Chinese scenario reflects the characteristics of the innovation ecosystem in a specific context. It has been found that, under the Chinese scenario, there is an asymmetric symbiotic relationship between populations and habitats in the innovation ecosystem. The input-output total factor productivity of the entire innovation ecosystem is in a state of decline, and this decline in total factor productivity is mainly due to the decline in technological change. China's innovation ecosystem is an asymmetric symbiosis system that relies on factor inputs. Due to insufficient technological innovation, the total factor productivity of the innovation ecosystem has declined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological innovation is the source of generating new momentum. In the context of the financing constraints generally existing in China, it is particularly important to explore the impact of technological innovation investment on corporate financial risk, which also provides a risk identification perspective and development direction for enterprises. Based on the data of China's small and medium-sized listed companies from 2010 to 2019, and from the perspective of moderating effect of financing constraints, this paper uses multiple regression analysis method to test the impact mechanism of technological innovation investment on corporate financial risk and the moderating effect of financing constraints in both. The results show that technological innovation investment can significantly reduce corporate financial risk, while financing constraints can significantly improve the level of financial risk. Financing constraints play a moderating role in technological innovation investment and financial risk. Heterogeneity test found that, compared with large-scale enterprises, small-scale enterprises' technological innovation investment has a more significant impact on financial risk, and the moderating effect of financing constraints is also greater. Compared with private enterprises, state-owned enterprises' technological innovation investment has less impact on financial risk, and the moderating effect of financing constraints is not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the threshold effect of resource misallocation between specialization and technological innovation performance in the high-tech industry in China. Contrary to the existing literature, this paper applies the static panel threshold model to evaluate the threshold effect of industrial specialization on the innovation performance, including the single threshold effect and double threshold effect. The empirical results shed new light on the topic and signified that high-tech industry specialization has a nonlinear effect on innovation performance and the resource misallocation threshold. This paper unveils a novel, double threshold effect of resource misallocation between industrial specialization and innovation performance. Moreover, the twenty-eight regions in China are divided into three types according to a resource misallocation, which unfold the current situation of the resource misallocation in pharmaceutical manufacturing—providing directional guidance for structural reforms of the supply side of pharmaceutical manufacturing in various regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological innovation is an important engine to support the development of China from a big manufacturing country to a powerful manufacturing country. With the support of government policies, China's high-end manufacturing industry urgently needs to solve the problems of insufficient technological innovation and weak core competitiveness. This paper uses the super-SBM model to measure the impact of incentive policies related to high-end manufacturing industry on innovation efficiency of China's high-end manufacturing industry in 2012–2017. The DEA Malmquist model is used to analyse the dynamic change trend of efficiency. The results show that the innovation efficiency of China's high-end manufacturing industry shows a trend of gradual optimization, stepping into the middle and high-end levels, but there are large differences in innovation efficiency among industries, and the optimization process is not stable; at the same time, China's high-end industry is not stable. Manufacturing industry needs to improve its pure technical efficiency as soon as possible and solve the problems of low efficiency of system and management level. Accordingly, this paper puts forward a series of policy suggestions, such as increasing financial and talent support, encouraging technological innovation, and promoting industrial synergy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-tech enterprises, as the key subjects that can stimulate innovation vitality and promote innovation-driven development strategies in China, require government guidance for their innovative activities. However, the existing research has not answered the issue of how the government behavior activates the innovation ability of high-tech enterprises and what is the internal mechanism. As such, this paper takes government participation in high-tech enterprises as its research object, constructs an evolutionary game model of government participation in enterprise innovation, analyzes the internal mechanism of improvements to high-tech enterprises' innovation ability under government tax and fee policy incentives and regulatory measures, and uses MATLAB numerical simulation to verify the results. The research shows that (1) increasing the general corporate income tax rate and reducing the high-tech corporate income tax rate can promote the transformation of general enterprises into high-tech enterprises and encourage enterprises to engage in scientific and technological innovation activities. However, when the high-tech corporate income tax rate is lower than 0.1, the marginal effect will be reduced. (2) Increasing the deduction coefficient and amortization coefficient can make high-tech enterprises more motivated to participate in innovation activities and thus render enterprise innovation more lucrative. (3) Increasing administrative penalties from regulatory authorities can promote the development of innovative activities in high-tech enterprises, but their intensity must be controlled within a reasonable range. The presented results have reference value for the adjustment of tax and fee policies among high-tech enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of economy and society and the continuous progress of science and technology, the public demand for marine products and services is increasing, and the marine economic and social benefits are rising. It is very important to improve the management level of marine economy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the comprehensive management and coordination mechanism of China's marine economy. This study selects Lianyungang City as the research object and takes the marine economic data from 2010 to 2019 as the research data. This study establishes three evaluation index systems of marine economic development. Then, according to the influence of the marine industry development, social development, population, marine resources and environment, regional scientific and technological innovation ability, government comprehensive management, and other factors on the regional marine economic management, this paper puts forward a set of marine economy comprehensive coordination management system and method and evaluates the current situation of marine economic development in Lianyungang City. The results show that, in the 10 years from 2010 to 2019, the comprehensive management evaluation value of China's marine economy has increased from 0.20 to 0.33, with an average annual increase of 6.57 percentage points. The system level has been upgraded from the initial "poor" to "average," achieving rapid growth. It is concluded that the index system evaluation of this study well reflects the change of the management level of China's marine economy and has a promoting effect on the development of China's marine economy, making contributions to China's economic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green innovation is an important capability for an enterprise's sustainable development. Evaluating the green innovation efficiency of China's industrial enterprises can greatly affect its improvement. Considering the existing research results of green innovation efficiency evaluation, this paper added the impact of environmental factors in the technology industrialization stage. Various negative environmental externality indicators produced by industrial enterprise activities were incorporated into the undesired output, and an index system and model were constructed for evaluating the green innovation efficiency of China's industrial enterprises. Combined with the actual data, a three-stage chain network SBM (slack-based measure) model was used to dynamically evaluate and analyze the industrial enterprises in 29 Chinese provinces. The results show that the overall efficiency of green innovation in China's industrial enterprises has an upward trend, and the rise fluctuates during the technological development, achievement transformation, and industrialization stages. In the three major regions of China, industrial enterprises in the eastern area have the highest green innovation efficiency, and the industrial enterprises in the west and central regions have lower efficiencies. Based on the evaluation results, the corresponding countermeasures are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Characterized by large scale, variety, fast generation, and extremely high value but low density, big data can be used to mine effective information, provide users with auxiliary decision-making, and realize its own value. Based on the nonoriented SBM and the network DEA model, this paper systematically and objectively evaluates the technological innovation efficiency of strategic emerging industries in all provinces of China in 2002–2013. The study found the following. (1) The overall technological efficiency of China's strategic emerging industries is low. The average of comprehensive efficiency is 0.278; of 26 provinces, only 8 are above the average level. (2) The efficiency in the commercialization stage of scientific and technological achievements of strategic emerging industries in the whole country and most of the provinces is higher than that in the stage of knowledge innovation. The inefficiency of the knowledge innovation stage restricts the efficiency promotion of China's strategic emerging industries. (3) The overall innovation efficiency of strategic emerging industries has been increasing from 2002 to 2013. In comparison, the growth rate of pure technical efficiency is larger than that of scale efficiency. (4) The overall efficiency, the efficiency in the knowledge innovation stage, and the efficiency in the commercialization stage of scientific and technological achievements of the eastern region are higher than those of the central and western regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering time lag and accumulation of inputs and outputs, this paper adopts the superefficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to study the technological innovation efficiency of high patent-intensive industries using panel data from 2007 to 2017. Given the characteristics and the actual circumstances of the industries, the innovation process is divided into two stages, and an input-output indicator system is established. The results show that the overall innovation efficiency level of high patent-intensive industries in China is increasing. However, the R&D achievements in technology are not quickly applied or sufficiently transformed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To facilitate continuous development of the wind power industry, maintaining technological innovation and reducing cost per kilowatt hour of the electricity generated by the wind turbine generator system (WTGS) are effective measures to facilitate the industrial development. Therefore, the improvement of the system availability for wind farms becomes an important issue which can significantly reduce the operational cost. To improve the system availability, it is necessary to diagnose the system fault for the wind turbine generator so as to find the key factors that influence the system performance and further reduce the maintenance cost. In this paper, a wind farm with 200 MW installed capacity in eastern coastal plain in China is chosen as the research object. A prediction model of wind farm's faults is constructed based on the Gaussian process metamodel. By comparing with actual observation results, the constructed model is proved able to predict failure events of the wind turbine generator accurately. The developed model is further used to analyze the key factors that influence the system failure. These are conducive to increase the running and maintenance efficiency in wind farms, shorten downtime caused by failure, and increase earnings of wind farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]