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CT urography (CTU) is an imaging method tailored specifically for the evaluation of the upper urothelial tract and urinary bladder. High diagnostic accuracy in detecting primary and recurrent urothelial tumours, their differentiation from benign lesions, anatomic variation and malformation characterization, and evaluation of important pathology in the surrounding tissues, renders CTU a valuable imaging study of the urothelial tract. Haematuria, initial staging and post treatment follow up of upper urinary tract and bladder malignancies are the most important indications for CTU. Triple phase and split bolus techniques are most commonly used CTU protocols that consist of a non-contrast, nephrographic, and excretory phase, obtained by three or two acquisitions. CTU scanning protocols are tailored to achieve adequate image quality with optimal opacification and distension of the urinary tract at the lowest achievable radiation dose within the range of 5-15 mSv, comparable to the doses of intravenous urography. Detailed patient history, clinical examination, and urine analysis are essential for proper patient selection and targeted CTU protocol, which are the most important tools for increasing diagnostic accuracy and lowering patient radiation dose of CT urography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]