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Objective To measure the health human resource demand of maternal and child health institutions in China, and to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of maternal and child health human resource allocation. Methods The data of health personnel in maternal and child health care institutions from 2018 to 2022 were used, the health human resource density index was used to analyze the change trend of the allocation level of maternal and child health human resources in China from 2017 to 2021, and the actual demand, shortage and proportion of health personnel in maternal and child health institutions in 2021 were calculated. At the same time, global and local spatial autocorrelation was used to explore the spatial characteristics of the allocation level of maternal and child health human resources. Results From 2017 to 2021, the density index of health personnel in maternal and child health institutions in China increased year by year, but the LISA diagram showed that the allocation of human resources among provinces was uneven, showing a 'east - west' differentiation distribution. In 2021, the number of practicing（ assistant） physicians per thousand population, registered nurses per thousand population, pharmacists per thousand population and technicians per thousand population in China were 11. 30, 14. 91, 1. 31 and 2. 73, respectively, and the ratio of doctors to nurses was 1: 1. 32. The Global Moran index and Local Moran index of each health human resource index were greater than 0. Condusion The number of health human resources in maternal and child health institutions in China is increasing, but the inter 一 regional allocation is not balanced. The internal structure of resource allocation needs to be optimized, and there is obvious spatial aggregation of the same attribute in resource allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]