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Every form of behaviour is affected by current standards and deviations are not accepted by the society. In the occupational field, such behaviour is entitled counterproductive behaviour. It is voluntary, purposeful, unethical, and it harms the company, causes its loss, obstructs aims achievements, and may impact company's clients. The aim of the paper is to describe causes and effects of the counterproductive behaviour. The review is based on analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and comparisons of sources and information. The causes the counterproductive behaviour may lay within the organisation or they may stem from individual needs. The effects of the counterproductive behaviour are economic, social, psychological, among others stress and fluctuation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]