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In this paper we set out to analyze the need to monitor the "water footprint", starting from the fact that water is an indispensable resource for the development of life, and its lack is one of the biggest problems facing the world today, one of the biggest concerns and, at the same time, one of the biggest challenges. Water scarcity is a risk both for the economy and for communities and ecosystems, being influenced by climate change, but also by the irresponsible behaviour of people. Finding solutions to protect this resource is a concern of the modern world in trying to protect sustainable development. The research methodology involved the analysis of the literature, data collection and processing, formulating opinions and conclusions on how to apply smart development principles to find viable solutions to reduce the "water footprint". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main atmospheric climate parameters are important for the daily and seasonal variation of the parameters of the Comana Puddle aquariums. The anomalous variation of temperatures, precipitation and evaporation induces a fluctuation in the volume of water from the pond and the river Neajlov. Atmospheric temperature and precipitation directly affect winter phenomena and breakdown processes during the summer period, with significant effects on the agriculture, the most vulnerable domain on climate changes. In the hilly or hill area, the amount of rainfall decreases, thus influencing the water intake in these aquariums. The high warming time of the heat season leads to an increase in evaporation values, so that a water deficit is recorded in the hillside, hillside and plain areas, which also entails a loss in the volume of water in the lagoons. These seasonal fluctuations directly affect the limbic or aquatic fauna, but also the agriculture. In the cold season winter phenomena (ice bridge, ice on the shore, slopes, snowballs) and blocking water as snow, creates a deficiency in the water supply of lakes, ponds, puddles and swamps. This paper analysed the impact of climatic changes but also the possibilities of the recovery a part of the gloss of water, a gloss that existed years ago and which was greatly diminished after the work done downstream changed the hydrological balance of the area. This effect adds to the fact that climate change has made it possible for the volume of evaporation to be increased and sometimes to exceed the volume of precipitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geographical area between the Danube and the Black Sea, Dobrogea, represents a region with the highest aridity indices. The average precipitation in the period 1961-2016 was 464 mm. Climate changes in recent years have accentuated this phenomenon and, due to this, low production levels of 1-2 tons/ha were achieved on large areas of corn. In the year 2022/2023, over 40,000 ha cultivated with corn in Constanta county were deeply affected by the lack of rainfalls, high temperatures and long and severe drought. In these particularly dry conditions, sorghum becomes an essential alternative. This study aimed to continue the experiments with sorghum hybrids which have been carried out during the last 15 years at SPORT AGRA Ltd from Amzacea Village, Constanta County, in order to adapt the technologies to climate changes. The novelty of this research is that the adapted technologies include, among other things, the following elements: changing the planting period by approximately 25-30 days compared to the recommendations of classical technologies (planting starting from the first decade of May in order to use the moisture in the soil layer at the depth of seed incorporation 4-5 cm.), the use of early hybrids in order to overcome the periods of heat that in this area start from mid-June, the use of technological means of crop protection that include pre- and post-emergent herbicides, seed treatment prior to planting. In these conditions of development of non-irrigated sorghum technology, we propose planting this crop earlier (25-30 days compared to classic technology). In this way, the sorghum will benefit from the water reserve accumulated during the fall of the previous year. The productions of the sorghum hybrids used in the observation research fields were over 10 to/ha in most of the tested hybrids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is multi-year research and analyze of the dynamics of cultivated areas, production volumes and yield of cereal crops in Ukraine, in the context of world cereals production and export. Ukraine's prospects on the world cereals market have been established thanks to the formation of ways to adapt the production of wheat, barley and maize to the conditions of climate change. Graphically illustrated data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on cultivated areas, production volumes and yield of cereal crops in Ukraine, data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on world cereals production and export. It was established that the production of cereal crops in Ukraine during 1990-2021 increased by 69% - from 51.0 to 86.0 million tonnes thanks to an increase in maize production almost 9 times - from 4.74 to 42.1 million tonnes due to the growth of its of cultivated areas by 4.5 times - from 1.23 to 5.52 million hectares. During 2008-2022, the world production of cereals increased by 32%, and the world export of cereals increased by 76%. At the same time, the transformation of the structure of cultivated areas, climatic changes and the war of the rf against Ukraine led to the yield of cereal crops being much lower than the potentially possible level. For effective cereals production, a number of adaptation measures are proposed to overcome the negative impact of climate change, which consist in the use of innovative technologies in environmental and genetic research, which ensure the cultivation of highyielding varieties and hybrids of cereal crops that are resistant to drought, diseases and pests, as well as the optimization of cultivated areas with the introduction of scientifically based crop rotations and organic technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Romania, the area covered by forest has decreased in the last period of time (28%), is currently below the average of developed countries in the European Union (40%). Meanwhile, a series of extreme weather phenomena have increased, representing the greatest threat facing humanity and the environment. In the current paper the authors analyse the distribution of Romania green cover on geographical areas, trying to find solutions to minimize the existing imbalances. Expanding forest areas should be a priority for ecological restoration because Romania has low forest coverage areas. Research shows that there is an unbalanced distribution of green coverage of Romania in the current climate change, which requires the plantation of protective forest curtains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ensuring progress in improving barley's production and traits of interest is closely linked to the diversity and performance of the original material that can lead to increased genetic variability and new valuable cultivars. Thus, phenotyping of the genotyping collection is a first step in identifying the most valuable available genres and introducing them into hybridization programs, depending on the complementarity of the traits. The traits that have been quantified and used to determine the cognition degree of the cultivars studied are: plants height, ear length, number of grain / ear, grain weight/ear, TKW, protein and starch content. Genotypes have been identified that can be used in future amelioration works either to increase the fall resistance because plants height value are approximately 81 cm or for qualitative improvement, showing high TKW values (52 g), low content protein (less than 10.5%) and high starch content (approximately 60%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our country, the territory with increased risk from droughts, with a tendency to aridity and desertification even includes large areas of southern Oltenia region; we may consider this to be the most exposed to desertification in Romania. In this context, we analyzed the evolution of agriculture in micro area Caracal (in the towns belonging to that micro-area) in the past decade, drawing out the dependence of production on climatic phenomenon. For conditions in Caracal micro area, the Seleaninov indices were calculated and these were correlated with the economic and financial information for the micro region. Our results have revealed that the maize crop is exposed to losses, and the least exposed is the sunflower. Wheat performed relatively better than maize, as demonstrated by the reduction in the period of maize acreage and a slight increase in areas planted with winter wheat. The main conclusion drawn from research undertaken in Caracal micro region is that agriculture is increasingly volatile to climate change variations from one production year to another, with direct implications on the financial results of farmers [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]