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Territorial inequality associated with the location of population and activities, access to infrastructure and services, employment and material living conditions, is a historical reality in Latin America. This phenomenon has accompanied the demands of successive development models, and since the mid-twentieth century it has begun to be recognised in its full complexity with the installation of developmentalist governments. As a result, various public policies were adopted that failed to have a significant impact on these inequalities or to address their social consequences. Given the need to reformulate approaches, optimise resources and overcome obstacles in the implementation of public policies, this paper seeks to analyse the policies on the government agenda in Argentina from the change of management materialized at the end of 2019, identifying the limitations, achievements and potentialities of the policies proposed in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico and their effects on territorial inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to present and to make visible a form of citizen insecurity that has not been deeply analyzed: That which occurs in public transport. Although this kind of violence is a spatial and socioeconomic constraint that limits access to goods, services, activities and opportunities offered by cities to both women and men, it has among women different effects, considering their perceptions and experiences as two dimensions of insecurity. This article explores insecurity as a problem in public transport based on differences between insecurity perception and effective victimization of users (women and men) in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (amba), and then focusing on women's mobility strategies. The evidence is part of the "Ella se mueve segura" strategy, conducted in three Latin-American cities simultaneously: Buenos Aires, Quito and Santiago de Chile. The objective is to show insecurity on public transport as a gender restriction and as a form of violence that especially affects women (sexual harassment), contributing to the denaturalization of daily behaviors that sustain inequalities in urban space and transportation, and therefore, in rights in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of non-conventional hydrocarbons in the United States has generated a revolution in the oil industry worldwide. Then, other countries begin to explore their resources. The Neuquen and the Golfo San Jorge basins, and more recently the Austral Magallanes basin in Argentina have seen since the decade of 2010 the disembarkation of the activity in their territories. The latter are transformed economically, socially and environmentally due to the new dynamics that are installed. This paper seeks to analyze the main transformations in Argentine cities close to the non-conventional hydrocarbons activity. For this, we worked with primary sources, based on interviews with qualified informants and secondary sources, mainly bibliographic and press material. It is observed that the Neuquina basin, pioneer in the development of the activity, goes through the major transformations in its territory, mainly in the city of Añelo. In contrast, the incipient explorations in the territories of the Golfo San Jorge and the Austral Magallanes basins still do not generate important changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to integrate mobility as across component of the management of specific public actions. The case of study concerns the public health services in Argentina, and mother's mobility conditions in the suburban of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. In terms of methodology, the paper working on the concept of access trying to identify, measure and evaluate the relationship between mobility conditions and maternal health care. Access is weighted according to the realization of health services, and not according to the arrival at the places where they are offers. The result is innovative empirical evidence, useful as an indicator to make more relevant the role of mobility within the public agenda of transport and others specific sectors, asa basic social right behind the access that requires coordinated actions and cross-sectoral approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to give continuity to my previous work about the software industry and information technology services, but this time focused on the study of the dynamics of the cluster technology in local experiences. So the paper inquires this dynamic in two cities: Merida (Yucatan, Mexico) and Rosario (Santa Fe, Argentina) .The aim of approaching these two case studies is based on the interest in these two cities, since they have a innovative productive profile, with significant growth rates and that this strategy is added to other activities of high added value. In this sense the production of software and new technologies, are creating a climate conducive to local development. This paper examines the socio-economic context of each city, the background to the creation of the cluster technology, international cooperation and international institutional business, public policy in the territorial cluster, the profile and activities of the companies in there, and the characteristics of their human resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the patterns of knowledge creation and diffusion in two textile industrial districts located in the Argentinean cities of Mar del Plata and Pergamino. Both of them have an important number of supplier manufacturing firms linked to fashion-oriented clothing subcontractors, which are located inside or outside the geographical boundaries of each city. The methodology research is quantitative and descriptive. The results show that Pergamino has developed over time a stronger knowledge base than Mar del Plata, which could be related to different historical circumstances and evolutionary paths. This has an important effect on firms' architectural knowledge and strategies. Even though in Pergamino there is a permanent flow of external technological know how, which increase its knowledge base and let the firms belonging to the cluster to share it, there is not new fashion-oriented clothing local firms, prevailing a type of industrial district where the dynamism of the economy depends on the hub firms located outside the local context [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work gives us a screenshot on two concepts very studied at the present: the rural territorial development and efficiency (as the key to competitiveness) and propose to give visibility to the relation between these two aspects, emphasizing the role of efficiency in order to confer strengthen to initiated development process. To approach these subjects, as a first instance this article describes the establishment of the milky goatish basin, historical process where several activities and micro processes do not emerge neither from preestablished mechanisms nor connected between local actors, but rather support the idea that the the territory it is produced by the coordinated/uncoordinated actions of all local actors. To conclude this section it is shown that the case studied has laid the preconditions for strengthening the process of development. In these way it can be cited an strong identity, a dynamic market that lack a deeper knowledge but is there, alliances that although they were very defined in their actions -as well as the time- were generating an attitude and an accumulation of social capital towards the valuation of the specificities of the territory. To continue this paper analyzes the second concept, efficiency, is addressed through case studies and examples for each of the main links in the chain: the milking, industrialization and marketing. As a conclusion is raised that to devise strategies appointed to strengthen an initiated territorial development, as a first step, all involved actors should have all possible information and knowledge about the production process. This would help to each step in the process of resolving their inefficiencies, which are usually transferred the rest of the production complex. Finally, it leaves open the question of who is in charge of inefficiencies in the sector and how it is assumed that cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A complex process has been started by the status change of national territories that gained recognition as provinces, with the right to elect their own government and send representatives to the national legislative branch. This process incorporates a new governmental sphere into heterogeneous spaces, for which administrative roles that did not address any particularities used to be performed until then by the Governor's office designated by the National Government. Therefore, by asking how the province formation and the relations redefinition were carried out, the review of national pressures' incorporation in local terms has been enabled. The case addressed by this paper is the provincialization of Rio Negro and the particular circumstances of the dialog between the San Carlos de Bariloche commune and the incipient governmental space opened since 1958. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to explain the The functioning of the regional political systems of the Argentine Republic. It is divided into three parts: • A scheme describing the institutional structure of the political system in tile provinces. • A description about the functioning of such system in the provinces. • An outline of some typical provincial situations for the period of 1991/99. Such situations -- which should be backed up according to the empirical base of each province- show the existence of tendencies of reproduction of a low development position, so as some norms from which the situation could be reverted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]