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This article recommends a pharmaceutical analysis experiment "chiral capillary electrophoresis analysis of the stereoisomers of the drug Glycopyrrolate bromide". The experiment includes the selection of cyclodextrin chiral selector, optimization of capillary electrophoresis separation conditions, and construction of a standard curve. From the perspective of pharmaceutical analysis, this experiment focuses on introducing the principle of capillary electrophoresis analysis, the principle of chiral separation, and the importance of analyzing stereoisomeric impurities in drugs. It is suggested to be offered in majors such as applied chemistry, pharmacy, and pharmaceutical engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the frailty of patients with long-term maintenance dialysis (MD) and its influencing factors, and to explore the correlation of different dialysis modalities with the re-infection of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and frailty syndrome. Methods Patients with regular dialysis in Nephrology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from February to June 2023 were selected. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect clinical data of the patients, including dialysis modality (i. e. maintenance hemodialysis, abbreviated as hemodialysis, and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, abbreviated as peritoneal dialysis), and whether with re-infection of COVID-19. Patients were divided into 3 groups using Fried' s frailty phenotype (FP) : non-frailty group, pre-or-intermediate frailty group, and frailty syndrome group. The clinical characteristics of the FP were compared among the three groups. The correlation of frailty with clinical data, dialysis modality, re-infection of COVID-19 in each group was compared. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the development of frailty syndrome in patients. Results A total of 246 dialysis patients were included in this study, with 77 (31.3%) in the non-frailty group, 83 (33.7%) in the pre-frailty group and 86 (35.0%) in the frailty syndrome group. The frailty syndrome group showed characteristics of advanced age, high pre-dialysis creatinine level, low serum albumin level and combined pleural effusion ( all P < 0.05 ) .There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of frailty between the hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis group (P = 0.960).COVID-19 re-positive patients had higher frailty score than non-re-positive patients. Multifactor logistic regression showed that age, COVID-19 re-infection of COVID-19, serum albumin, pre-dialysis creatinine, and pleural effusion were factors influencing the development of frailty syndrome in dialysis patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion There is high incidence of frailty syndrome in dialysis patients, and there is no correlation of frailty with dialysis modality. High serum albumin level is a protective factor for the development of frailty syndrome in patients, whereas re-infection of COVID-19, advanced age, high pre-dialysis blood creatinine level and pleural effusion are risk factors for the development of frailty syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the prognostic factors that affect patients with advanced esophageal cancer treated with Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Methods A total of 72 patients with stage IV esophageal cancer were selected for analysis, and the advantaged and disadvantaged groups of TCM treatment were defined according to survival time. The log-rank method was used for the univariate analysis, the rank-sum test was used for the correlation between the syndrome type and the prognostic grouping, and the Cox proportional risk model was used for multiple factors. Results The median survival of the 72 patients with esophageal cancer was 17.9 months. The univariate analysis of the result showed that the presence of organ metastasis, the presence of lung metastasis, and the post-treatment symptom self-assessment and length of herbal medication were related to the prognosis of advanced esophageal cancer treated with TCM. The rank-sum test between the TCM syndrome elements, and survival prognosis grouping showed that the syndrome element of Qi stagnation may also affect prognosis. The result of the multi-factorial analysis showed that the factor of the duration of the TCM administration was an independent factor that affects the prognosis of advanced esophageal cancer treated with TCM. Conclusion The duration of TCM treatment affected the prognosis of patients with advanced esophageal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]