Search

Text deals with data mining used in libraries. It focuses on „physical“ libraries as they can use data mining in many processes but chooses its scope opposite to digital libraries where data mining has different variety in usage. This is why papers concerning digital libraries are excluded from this summarizing study. All the papers were selected based on concern with Library and Information Science and were divided into several groups. Most of the studies come from academic environment. Papers from czech and slovak environment are described separately. Time limitation for inclusion of the papers is up to year 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on Arthur Danto's approach to literature. One of the leading philosophers of art in the analytical philosophical tradition, Danto published on art ontology, defining art and art historicity as well as serving as an art critic for the magazine The Nation in the late phase of his career. The essence of Danto's philosophy thus lies in the visual arts, and it seems he was not interested in literature from a philosophical point of view. However, following Garry L. Hagberg, I show that Danto was not only a keen reader but also reflected on literature, its specificity, and its role. In the first part of the paper, I scrutinize what -- in Danto's view -- is a literary work of art, and I compare his position to the view of New Criticism. In the second part, I explore the often neglected dimension of Danto's philosophy of art, i.e., the spectator's emotional response to an artwork. I argue that Danto draws on works of literature to illustrate the nature of this response for the reason that they provide the basis for a deeper understanding in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with problems of papers degradation by reason of acidity with reference to the legal duty of libraries to preserve papers funds for the future generations. In lots of efforts to protect its collections, the Moravian library study all the preservative technology including of the mass deacidification technology. The merit of this text is a summarization of project efforts of the Moravian library and the National archives make up the papers protection to deacidification technology in the Czech Republic. The article warms that the acidity of paper research and its conservation depends fully on political environment and the sufficient financial resources. In short there is technique demonstrated that was considered as a purchase for libraries and archives in the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The electronic health record (EHR) is a computerized health information system where provider record detailed encounter information such as patient demographics, encounter summaries, medical history allergies, intolerances, and lab test histories [9]. The EHR will be used in future diagnostic and treatment decision making. The decision is always taken by a physician or dentist. Medical documentation contains information about treatment, communication with insurance service system and statistical data evaluation. The EHR may support and improve future diagnostics and therapy in general. The data can be used in statistics and other scientific purposes. Aim: The aim of study is to verify the simplicity of data process implementation and time of data storing for modification of classical paper WHO dental card, lifetime dental EHR controlled by keyboard and lifetime dental EHR controlled by voice. Methods: All three methods were applied on 126 patients. The dental status of patients was examined and the data recorded in classical way into the paper WHO dental card. The same person recorded all data to lifetime dental EHR using keyboard and using voice. Then we compared the time, which was needed for recording the data using these three methods. Using Friedaman test we found very significant differences in time of recording among three methods (p<0.001). We can see that the paper WHO dental card was recorded quickly, but its reuse due to missing electronic form is difficult. Times for recording data using keyboard or voice in lifetime dental EHR were not significantly different (Wilcoxon pair test for statistical comparison reached the value p=0.09). Conclusion: The clinical practice demanded to find ways to eliminate the need to touch peripherals like keyboard, mouse and touch screen. Therefore the automatic speech recognition was added to enable dentist to use the software without a single touch. This way we eliminated the need for computer operator and unnecessary hygienic procedures (washing hands, changing gloves etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Bohemian Massif, there are many localities with the occurrence of secondary phosphates bound to the fissures of the host rocks. The type of these rocks partly determines the character of individual phosphate associations. As part of this comprehensive work, based on the author’s PhD thesis, the main host rock types have been classified and selected mineral associations have been studied in detail. This paper is a summary not only of the author’s research, but also of the historical knowledge in the field of secondary fissure phosphates in the Bohemian Massif. The paper concludes with a brief outline of the likely conditions for the formation of fissure phosphates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the following paper on the ecofeminist dimension of the considerable work of the feminist theologian Rosemary Radford Ruether, I will limit myself to questions and themes that are not purely theological, but which at the same time resonate with the themes and questions addressed in contemporary (eco)feminist philosophy, which revolve around issues of structural inequality and structural or systemic violence on the one hand, and the interdependence of lives, precariousness, and vulnerability on the other. Of the classic questions of systematic theology, two seem to me particularly relevant in this regard, namely the question of structural sin and the very understanding of who God/dess is. Structural sin is the subject of the first part of this paper. God/dess in an ecofeminist perspective is the subject of the second part. The third part focuses on theological ethics and specifically on the articulation between the ethics of the 'preferential option for the poor', based on liberation theology, and the ethics of ecological sustainability. Finally, I devote the fourth and final section to examples of the concrete everyday spiritual practices of lived Christian ecofeminist spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the topic of the Jewish religious spatial practice of a mechitza -the physical separation of women and men in synagogues. At first glance, the mechitza appears to be an indisputable given as a normal part of Orthodox Judaism. At second glance, however, it poses a problem: through the mechitza, women tend to be marginalised not only within the space itself but also on a symbolic level as subjects of religious practice. Using a feminist post-structuralist discourse analysis, the paper investigates how the practice of mechitza is negotiated and what meanings and symbolism it takes on for its religiously gendered subjects. The analysis is conducted on selected articles regarding mechitza as a theme, published by the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance's Jofa Journal. The identified discourses are as follows: mechitza as a limitation and barrier, mechitza as a possibility and opportunity, and mechitza as a symbol and metaphor. The identified discourses are then transferred in the conclusion of the paper to the discussion about the implicit heteronormativity and binarity of being male and female and the possibility of a subversive appropriation of a mechitza practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After losing the war in 1945, Japan was in ruins -- both physical and mental. Although it was gradually rebuilding itself economically since the late 1940s, the lost war, occupation, change of system and the upheaval of values caused mental trauma and identity crisis for many of its inhabitants. Motifs typically associated with Franz Kafka -- especially his existentialism, absurdity, avant-garde methods and dream imagery against the background of everyday reality, create an interesting parallel to this situation and seeped into the works of post-war authors. This paper focuses on two postwar authors, Shimao Toshio (1917-1986) and Ishikawa Jun (1899-1987), and examines how "kafkaesque" writing and reality of post-war Japan intertwine in "Everyday Life in a Dream" (Yume no naka de no nichijō, 1948) and "The Raptor" (Taka, 1953). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reflects on the absurd humour contained in Kafka's novel The Trial in two selected works of Russian literature. Using the example of two texts representing different genres (a short story and a poem) by Daniil Kharms and Vladimir Yermolayev, it shows how these two authors were inspired by this aspect of Kafka's work: in the case of Vladimir Yermolayev, the source of inspiration is completely unquestionable and is already referred to by the direct allusion in the title. The entire poem is then constructed as a lawsuit that originates, unfolds and concludes within the lyrical subject, which is the metaphorical Kafka himself. For Daniil Charms, the source of inspiration is unacknowledged, though obvious: Charms was inspired by one particular passage of Kafka's novel, which he altered in accordance with his poetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the application of the theoretical concept of the recently deceased American psychologist Susan Carey. Carey was devoted to the study of the development of cognitive functions in early and school-age children, as well as the cognitive processes that make scientific knowledge possible. The theory is part of the conceptual apparatus used by the quoted author. It is based on the assumption that children, as they develop cognitively, form theories about how the world works and, to some extent, test them in a similar way to scientific theories. One of the most important results of her research is what we now know about the origin of concepts. According to her, concepts are not just aggregate ideas about a particular class of entities, events, relations, etc., as is usually claimed. They are tools and as such make knowledge possible. Understanding concepts in Susan Carey's terms makes it possible, among other things, to understand how it is that some people persist in beliefs that are obviously contrary to reality for others, such as the belief in a flat earth. The concept also has interesting methodological implications. Aristotelian logic, as it was practically developed until the end of the nineteenth century, was understood as the rules of right thinking. As such, it included psychological and ethical questions. The conception described here precisely develops the psychological component of the former logic. The final section of the paper then proposes hypotheses on which to base the study of adults, including those who hold some extreme views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This paper examines the metadata practices of various types of memory institutions digitizing audio documents. Sound cultural heritage is not under the responsibility of any one Czech national memory institution to identify, describe, collect and preserve it, and so its digitization is carried out in different ways in different types of institutions. The theoretical basis of the present research study is the memory practices of G. C. Bowker. Through their perspective, we observe how the societal memory, represented as a digitized sound recording, is stored. Design / methodology / approach - Information on metadata practices was gathered through an online survey and from content analysis of a metadata sample. Four archives, two libraries, one museum, and one research organization participated in the research from a total of 20 contacted relevant institutions. Results - Memory institutions are building their digital collections and holdings based on two different variants of the modern concept of time. These are reflected both in their different missions and in the subsequent application of metadata practices and standards. The deterministic mechanical conception forms the computer memory regime; the transformative conception forms the database memory regime. Standards and rules for describing audio documents are as diverse as the mission of memory institutions, but again, one or the other variant of the concept of time can be identified behind them. Universal among institutions is the desire to preserve provenance information. The preservation of provenance information of the original physical media is widespread, involving in particular identification and basic description; context relating to specific features of the recording is more rarely preserved. The authenticity of digital documents does not receive much attention from memory institutions; the actual process of transformation of a digital document after digitization is unrecorded. Despite the fact that memory institutions digitize holdings primarily for research use, they do not create sufficient conditions for quality digital research. Originality / value - The paper highlights the importance of preserving provenance and contextual information about digitized sound documents, which is central not only to confirm the authenticity of the recording, but also to reconstruct historical events related to music and sound and to the establishment of the sound industry in our country. The paper also opens a perspective on the theory of memory practices that have not been introduced in the Czech environment yet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the results of the application of the theories of D. Winnicott and K. Horney on historical data. The data was acquired by analysis of the book texts published in the range of 1918 and 1943 by Emanuel Moravec – a Czech collaborator in World War II. The total number of pages of the analyzed materials counts as 4062. The data was completed by the major life events of Moravec, as they were pictured in his biographies. Using the object-related and neo-psychoanalysis theories the paper outlines: a) possibilities of application of the depth theories on historical data; b) results acquired by application of the mentioned theories; c) possibilities of psychobiography to explain the behaviour of historical popular figures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A very rare secondary Zn-Al phosphate, kleemanite, was found in association with Al-rich chalcosiderite and krásnoite on samples from the Huber stock in the Krásno deposit near Horní Slavkov (Karlovy Vary Region, Czech Republic). Kleemanite forms small white needle-like to fibrous crystals clustering into urchin-like aggregates up to 2 mm in size. Individual crystals reach a length of up to 0.5 mm. The mineral grows on the walls of the corrosion cavity of the fluorapatite aggregate in quartz gangue. Its chemical composition corresponds to the empirical formula Zn1.02(Al2.04 Fe0.09)Σ2.13(PO4)2.00[(OH)2.41(F)0.04] Σ2.45·3H2 O. Kleemanite is monoclinic, unit-cell parameters refined from X-ray powder diffraction data are a 7.286(8), b 7.194(5), c 9.774(8) Å, β 110.2(6)° and V 480.9(7) ų . The Raman spectrum of kleemanite has not been published before and is included in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with Petr Rezek's philosophy in relation to two of his central themes, matter-of-factness (Sachlichkeit) and conflict, through the prism of the problem of non-matter-of-fact (unsachlich) quoting and its manifestations. According to Rezek, these point to the defective forms of intersubjectivity. The dialectic of quoting reason begins with a critique of these forms in order to become a true dialectic of matter-of-factness, through contrasting structures and techniques of analysis, such as the so-called boundary approach or the method of repetition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on two so-called rock castles (Sloup and Jestřebí in northern Bohemia) and their presentation in the early modern topographies written by Mauritius Vogt. While today they are both perceived as former castles, for Vogt, only Jestřebí was an abandoned castle, while Sloup was mainly a hermitage. The relationship between both places leans on their bizarre appearance and connection to the underground. They both were rocks upon a lowland described as saxum vivum. Vogt's view is contextualized by Athanasius Kircher's Mundus subterraneus and other works on the underground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of human resilience is used in various contexts from every day speech to experts discourse. When used in everyday language, the concept of psychological resilience seems quite clear and understandable. In the professional psychological context, we encounter various problems and ambiguities on a theoretical, terminological and methodological level. When we take a closer look. A more thorough analysis of the concept of psychological resilience currently leads to the assumption that it is a complex, complexly structured multi-conditional phenomenon. The aim of the paper is to explore Czech and Slovak psychologists' concept of psychological resilience. The paper presents a theoretical definition of the phenomenon of resilience, discussing its relation with health and outlining approaches to researching hardiness. The sample was randomly assembled on the basis of respondents' willingness to participate. Responses were collected using a questionnaire completed by 348 psychologists from the academic community and other spheres in which psychology is professional practiced. The method - using a questionnaire with a small number of relatively simple questions - primarily provides information on respondents' immediate reactions to the questions. The analyzed sample was assembled randomly on the basis of willingness to participate; it is not a representative sample. In view of the research topic, no hypotheses were generated; instead, research questions were formulated concerning the definition of psychological hardiness, its relation with health, methods used in diagnosing or researching hardiness, and the opinions of experts from the academic and research community. In view of the nature of the data collected, an analysis of descriptive data was carried out, based on absolute and relative frequencies. When defining psychological hardiness, most of the respondents used the concept of ability in the general sense (either in simple or more complex terms), or they defined hardiness as a psychological characteristic (a personality trait). They assumed a strong and significant connection between hardiness and health. This corresponds with the opinions of numerous present-day researchers. The psychologists from the academic sphere gave more detailed responses. When determining hardiness, respondents use self-devised methods or methods taken from expert sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the current social context in which the gender-balanced functions of the Slovak language are being created. The rules that exist for creating and using gender-based Slovak are at odds with contemporary society. This paper examines the mechanism of language changes including gender-balanced language and makes observations about how they are perceived within the communication community in particular. Language is approached as a construct that is a reflection of society and social processes, while at the same time language influences some of these processes in return. Language changes occur more slowly than social ones, or rather, these changes do not respond operatively to changes within society. An exception to this is the enrichment of vocabulary, but conceptual changes progress much more slowly. The fact that language is used to strengthen certain images of the world also plays a role in the process. Language ideology provides this process with new impulses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of the specific research of identical incunabula on a long-term basis deposit in different environmental conditions were to find out to what degree the different quality of ambient air was reflected in degradation of paper. The Selection of identical incunabula from the collections of the National Library in Prague, the South Bohemia Research Library in Ceske Budejovice and the library of the Regional Museum in Teplice, was performed according to the Incunabula Short Title Catalogue database, in which an unique numeric identifier of the bibliographic record ISTC is assigned to each of the publications, which enables to interconnect all preserved copies. SurveNIR measuring system was used for comparison of naturally aged paper, in view of investigation of effects of dust particles and gaseous pollutants on historical paper, attention was paid also to protective elements and damages of bookbinding. All recorded data - outputs of spectrometry measurements of mechanical and chemical properties of paper, microscopic snapshots of the analyzed places, and photographic documentation, are deposited in ResIS (Restoration Information System). No verifiable correspondence between degree of damage of historical paper and closeness of book block was found, it was evident from the results of measurement that sub-micron dust particles are able to permeate even among sheets of the book block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes of the usual procedures in the clinical trials conduct, as well as to modifications of the relevant study documentation, which also aff ected regular quality assurance activities ensuring the safety of clinical trial participants, compliance with good clinical practice, and the integrity and validity of the clinical trial data collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper deals with the ethical guidelines and legal regulations that govern the conduct of clinical trials and discusses the ethical implications that arose from the forced adjustments of routine processes and procedures in the clinical trial conduct during the COVID-19 public health emergency. The paper also reflects on the ethical consequences of conducting clinical trials during the public health emergency, as well as on means of performing quality assurance activities and a regular oversight of clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neurodevelopmental disorders are changes in the development caused by internal and external factors, they manifest from the prenatal period or become visible in the early child development. The early age (0-3 years) is crucial for the detection and identification of diversion in psychomotor development, as well as for the initiation of intervention strategies. The paper provides insight into the current understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders (according to DSM-5 and MKCH 11) at an early age; explains their more detailed context, the possibilities of recognition predictors and precursors in paediatric practice, and the related need for professional care. It underlines the importance and real possibilities of interdisciplinary cooperation of paediatricians and psychologists to support the maximization of psychomotor development, built on the research-verified common neurodevelopmental basis of particular developmental domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching the thousand-year period of medieval European literature and six-hundred years of Old Czech literature in Czech secondary education is often confronted by two interrelated challenges: the subjects are traditionally taught through a chronological approach to literary history in the first year of school, while presenting language, literary genres, themes, and ideas that are distant and difficult to understand for contemporary readers, particularly the target student group (15--16 years of age). A majority of teachers are unwilling to deal with old literature in their lessons. Can we find a way to modify and improve this practice? In this paper we try to grasp the perceived difficulty and otherness of this corpus in a constructive way and show that it can be productively used, for example, by moving away from the traditional chronological framework and focusing on probing texts (especially narratives) that link the present to the past. We show this possibility through the example of the story of Bruncvík, comparing its medieval version to a more recent version by Alois Jirásek in his Staré pověsti české (Legends of Old Bohemia). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on two ways of reading poetry, the first of which may be described as a contentbased model, the second as a song-based model of reception. It shows that the content-based model leads to a sense of incomprehension vis-à-vis the poetic text. The first part of the study concentrates on the construction of this image of 'incomprehensible' poetry and the implications this has for teaching. Taking a new perspective, the paper discusses the tendency to promote a single correct interpretation of a poem, and the phenomenon of purely formal, mechanical analyses. Attention is paid to teachers who often fail to offer a different model of reading, and who themselves start from the idea of incomprehensibility. The second part of the article proposes incorporating into the classroom a way of reading poems inspired by the way we perceive songs. This is based on the proximity of poetry and songs, which have common roots. What this highlights about poetry is its continuity with the oral tradition and performance. The article also defines the relationship of songbased model to interpretation and to approaches emphasizing methods of creative reception. In its conclusion, the study addresses the question of the relationship between entertainment or amusement and edification (docere et delectare), which are not seen as opposites in the song-based model of reception but as working in tandem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cantor's diagonal proof is signifi cant both because the central method of proof used in it has been subsequently applied in a number of other proofs, and because it is considered to confi rm the existence of infi nite sets whose size fundamentally and by an order of magnitude exceeds the size of the "classical" infi nite set represented by all natural numbers, while their size can theoretically exceed every conceivable limit. Although Cantor's proof is generally accepted by the scientifi c community, some experts are somewhat reserved about it. Th e aim of this paper is to present Cantor's proof in an accessible way, while pointing out its (hidden) assumptions and possible problematic points, and pointing out that some of its underlying assumptions are not indisputable mathematical truths, but rather postulated propositions that may or may not be accepted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to outline the basic procedures for cataloguing standard gramophone records, focusing on publication date determination. Determining the publication date is a key (and obligatory) step which plays a major role in the correct identification and cataloguing of the sound documents included in the collections of Czech memory institutions. However, the determination of the date of publication of certain types of sound documents, such as historical gramophone records, is a challenging task. This paper presents a case study of various date determination methods and their application in cataloguing practice, using as an example the personal discothèque of R. A. Dvorský, an early 20th century popular music performer and composer, which forms part of the National Museum - Czech Museum of Music phonotheque. Design/Methodology/Approach - The collection of standard gramophone records from R. A. Dvorský's discothèque was catalogued in compliance with the RDA core elements requirements and in the MARC 21 format, based on the publication dates found on the labels of standard gramophone records and using various types of specialised sources (historical catalogues, discographies, electronic databases, reference books etc.). The paper presents examples of ways in which various resource types can be used and publication dates recorded in the catalogue system. Results - The intended outcomes are the following: 1) The application of specialized sources in the determination of standard gramophone records publication dates. 2) A case study of the cataloguing of standard gramophone records from the collections of the National Museum - Czech Museum of Music in compliance with the RDA standards in the MARC 21 format. Originality/Value - The main contribution of this paper is that it demonstrates the process of describing and cataloguing standard gramophone records included in the collections of the National Museum - Czech Museum of Music in compliance with the RDA standards in the MARC 21 format. Another benefit is the overview of ways in which various types of auxiliary sources, which are key for determining the publication dates of standard gramophone records, can be applied. These types of sources can be used by memory institutions' cataloguers and documenters for cataloguing and keeping records of standard gramophone records collections. Retrospective dating of recordings enables incomplete descriptions of sound carriers to be completed, for example within the VISK 5 (retrospective cataloguing) programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The paper presents an improved version of Mapseries - a tool developed to facilitate working with old maps in the Moravian Library. The tool is used mainly by cataloguers who are creating bibliographic records to individual sheets of extensive map series. The latest adjustments of the tool's layer meant for cataloguers have made cataloguing more efficient. Design/Methodology/Approach - The introduction presents Mapseries and points out how cataloguers can benefit from it. The main body then describes, step by step, how to use this tool from a cataloguer's point of view. Results - Mapseries is an online open-access tool which helps cataloguers standardise bibliographic records and enables them to work faster. Standardisation of bibliographic records is particularly important when working with map series; standardised metadata help find individual sheets in map series across various GLAM institutions. The layer developed for map presentation could be later used in the digital library Kramerius, which would greatly improve the search for digitised maps and thus give the public better and easier access to map collections. Originality/Value - The paper draws on an older text, which was a more general description of cataloguing tools developed in the Moravian Library. This text presents the newest extension and adjustments made in 2022 based on the cataloguers' needs and other experience gained when working with map collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional storytelling has been an essential constituent of Indigenous cultures in North America, including contemporary literary production. The perception of storytelling in Indigenous theories might, however, in some aspects differ from its Western literary critical understanding. This paper outlines the conceptual frameworks which shape and are reflected in Indigenous storytelling and examines relationality as the core principle of Indigenous knowledge system. Relationality does not only represent a frequent theme in Indigenous works, but it is also manifested in their narrative structure, and simultaneously can be used for their interpretation. In addition, the paper focuses on the equal role of the storyteller and the listener in Indigenous views on storytelling, the necessity to internalize a story to derive meaning, the power and animacy of stories and the importance of this for Indigenous typologies of stories, and on the issue of cultural appropriation, which stems from the different approaches to stories and knowledge as such in Indigenous and non-Indigenous perceptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Barn Owl (Tyto alba) belongs to iconic species of the Czech countryside. During the 20th century the species declined dramatically and disappeared from many regions, especially at medium altitudes. Today it is listed in the National Red List of Threatened Species as critically endangered. The decline is caused by many factors. Intensification of agriculture and loss of safe breeding sites are the most crucial. In Central Europe, the Barn Owl feeds mainly on the Common Vole (Microtus arvalis) and the prey population cycle affects reproductive success of the owls. The Barn Owl helps in agricultural pest management. It requires diverse farmland habitats with lots of tree lines, hedgerows, old orchards and ditches. Such fine-scale landscape patchwork has a stable water regime, supports species diversity and also attracts people for free time activities. The charismatic Barn Owl with its role in crop protection, dependency on farms for breeding and preferences for diverse agricultural habitats is an ideal umbrella species for countryside wildlife conservation. In spite of all these facts, there is no official national or local action plan for the Barn Owl conservation in the Czech Republic. This paper summarises the most important knowledge about the Barn Owl which is relevant for systematic conservation effort and proposes the rules for such activities at the national or local scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quantitative study of chemical composition of ten samples of the tetrahedrite group minerals from six deposits in Bolivia (Animas - Chocaya, Pulacayo, San Vicente, Machacamarca, Cerro Rico, Oruro) provided new data enabling their detailed classification within this group. The majority of samples are usual members of tetrahedrite group: tennantite-(Zn) (San Vicente, Oruro), tetrahedrite-(Zn) (Animas - Chocaya, Pulacayo, San Vicente, Cerro Rico, Oruro) and tetrahedrite-(Fe) (Pulacayo, Machacamarca, Cerro Rico). The recently redefined members of this group - argentotetrahedrite-(Fe) and kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Fe) were found in samples from Cerro Rico and Animas - Chocaya deposits, respectively. The descriptions and quantitative EPMA data for all studied samples are given in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zeophyllite, tobermorite, kenotobermorite, fluorapophylite-(K) and associated zeolites were found in cavities of Cenozoic basaltic rocks of small abandoned quarry at western slope of the Křížový vrch hill (443 m a.s.l.), 1.5 km NE from Cvikov, 13 km NNE from Česká Lípa, Lužické hory Mountains, Czech Republic. Zeophyllite forms colorless spherical aggregates with pearly lustre usually 3 - 4 mm in size, aggregates with diameter up to 1 cm were observed only rarely. It is trigonal, space group R-3, with unit-cell parameters refined from PXRD: a 9.362(2), c 36.470(12) Å and V = 2768.3(1.2) ų . Chemical analyses of zeophyllite correspond to the empirical formula (Ca12.84Na0.07)Σ12.91(Si9.83Al0.26)Σ10.09 O28(OH)1.43 F8.42· 6H2O. Tobermorite occurs as snow-white hemispherical to spherical aggregates up to 1 cm in size, it replaces earlier zeophyllite. It is monoclinic, space group Bm, with unit-cell parameters refined from PXRD: a 6.714(4), b 17.375(4), c 22.670(8) Å, γ 123.31(3)° and V 938.2(1.3) Å3 . On the base of chemical analyses, tobermorite with empirical formula (Ca4.55Na0.03K0.02)Σ4.60(Si5.40Al0.60)Σ6.00O15.56(OH)1.44·5H2O is accompanied by more rare Ca-poor kenotobermorite with empirical formula (Ca3.99Na0.04)Σ4.03(Si5.60Al0.40)Σ6.00O14.62(OH)2.38·5H2O. Fluorapophyllite-(K) forms abundant prismatic crystals up to 0.5 - 2 cm in size. It is colorless to white with vitreous to greasy lustre. It is tetragonal, space group P4/mnc, with unit-cell parameters refined from PXRD: a 9.0157(13), c 15.7889(19) Å and V = 1283.4(3) ų . Chemical analyses of fluorapophyllite-(K) correspond to the empirical formula (K0.81Na0.24)Σ1.05Ca4.06(Si7.25Al0.47)Σ8.00O20F1.05· 8H2O. Other zeolites, thomsonite-Ca, chabazite-Ca, phillipsite-Ca and -K, were found in association; their PXRD data, unit-cell parameters and chemical compositions are given in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic highlighted the importance of both formal and informal care and magnified gender inequalities in this area. Women were more represented in carerelated frontline professions (including nurses), but they were also more often responsible for providing childcare when institutions (especially schools and nurseries) were closed. This paper builds on criticism aimed at the separate study of formal and informal care and explores the interconnections between the two in the case of Czech nurses with young children, who during the pandemic experienced increased demands in both formal and informal care. We are interested in how they experienced these increased demands, which we explore through the practices and constructions of identities in these domains and their gendered nature. Our findings show that nurses largely adopted individualised strategies and solutions to cope with the increased demands of care, which explains the low level of willingness on their part to publicly seek change. We conclude that the pandemic exacerbated gender inequalities in formal and informal care (as nurses strove to succeed as professionals and mothers), and that any changes in the gender order are temporary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper introduces the concept of mnemopoetics, i.e., how songs are composed to be remembered, how they are shaped by oral memory as only the songs worth remembering were preserved by the community. After a brief discussion of ‘memory of the body’ (cf. Saussy 2016), the author introduces the formal mnemopoetic features (role of incipit, genre, rhythm, dialogue, incremental repetition, strophic arrangement, etc.). In the second part, he focuses on the semantic mnemopoetic role of incipit parallelism, which announces what will happen next in the song-story (cf. Andersen 1985; Marčok 1980; Bartmiński 2016). He then analyzes the first part of Jan Poláček’s song-collection from Moravian Slovakia (Slovácké pěsničky, 1936) and distinguishes nine main groups of songs with the incipit parallelism variously announcing: 1. erotic desire, 2. courtship, 3. longing for marriage, 4. an obstacle in the way of love, 5. a sinister omen leading to a bad outcome, 6. disappointment, 7. parting, 8. death; and 9. joyousness. For example, the image of ‘running water’ in the first verse suggests an unhappy development in the love affair portrayed by the song. The study further verifies the validity of six most prominent identified announcements on the broader material of František Sušil’s (1860) classical collection of Moravian folksongs. As suggested by fieldwork introduced in the study, traditional singers from Moravia and western Slovakia are typically aware of the ‘second’ meaning in songs, and this awareness of song symbolism helps singers — and readers — not only to remember songs better, but to do them justice when interpreting them. More broadly, the study represents a contribution to the methodological analysis of symbolism in traditional song lyrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to map the specific orientation of space in Jan Zahradníček’s extensive poem The Sign of Power. His unique conceptualization of ‘up’ and ‘down’ in this work plays a significant role in the construction of setting. In this paper, we draw on George Lakoff and Mark Johnson’s Metaphors We Live By, in particular their insights and observations on metaphors involving spatial orientation and the notion that ‘more is up; less is down’ — a postulate that can be extended to various other good-bad (including ethical and religious) distinctions. Along these lines, we further draw on their concept of in/coherence of metaphor and different cultural spaces. The central question of the study concerns the coherence (or incoherence) of spatial designations with the values of good and bad. Our analysis then traces the tension between conventional spatial connotations and the unsettling instability, with regard to both space and values, of the world modelled in Zahradníček’s poem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roman Kim (1899–1967) was a Soviet Korean writer, Orientalist and counterintelligence officer, well- -known in the 1950s and 1960s Eastern Europe as the author of political and spy novels such as The Girl from Hiroshima (1954), The Cobra under the Pillow (1962), The School of Phantoms (1965). This paper analyzes his famous novel The Notebook Found in Sunch’on (1951), its authenticity and message, not from the point of view of its literariness, but in the context of the 1950s. In this book Roman Kim openly accused Americans and Japanese that by the Korean conflict they tried to realize the “first of their ABC plan” leading eventually to World War III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In its introductory overview, the article discusses the genre shift from the postcolonial national allegory to global fiction, the turn-of-the-century demand for a political narrative having contributed to the “worlding” of Anglo-American literature. Contextually interpreting two examples of an emerging form of the geopolitical novel, The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Transmission by Mohsin Hamid and Hari Kunzru, respectively, the paper reflects on their intertwining of the real and fictional worlds threatened by the side effects of globalization and evolving communication technologies. Having drawn on the US and British cultural and political heritage, both South Asian diasporic writers represent a cosmopolitan branch of anglophone prose that fictionalizes millennial trends and the socio-political aftermath of terrorist attacks of Islamists and computer hackers. Combining the characteristics of expatriates with the fluid identity of contemporary nomads, the young adult protagonists embody the non-obvious status of immigrants who have succumbed to the illusion of Americanization without proactive assimilation, undergoing cultural hybridization instead. The authors rethink the unhomely experience of expats whose failed efforts have caused resentment towards the host society and initiated radical reaction. They extend their novels’ frame of reference to overcome the stereotypes of migration writing and post-9/11 national trauma fiction, facilitating the transition from postcolonial to transnational literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper mills (továrne na články) je relatívne nový typ vedeckého podvodu. Môžu nimi byť formálne spoločnosti, individuálni jednotlivci alebo ich sieť, alebo iné zoskupenia. Za poplatok „vyrábajú“ rukopisy a pošlú ich do časopisu v mene platiacich výskumníkov s tým, že im garantujú ich vydanie, alebo za poplatok ponúkajú autorstvo v ešte nepublikovaných prijatých článkoch. Tiež poskytujú existujúce alebo vyfabrikované databázy údajov, na ktorých je štúdia založená, alebo ponúkajú citácie v už existujúcich publikáciách. V jednom z výskumov týchto praktík boli analyzované dáta z 53 000 podaných článkov z rôznych vedných odborov v časopisoch 6 vydavateľstiev. Priemerné percento článkov podozrivých z porušenia vedeckej integrity bolo v širokom intervale od 2 % do 46 %. V princípe ide o systematické manipulovanie vedeckého publikačného procesu, keď tieto články nie sú výsledkom práce daného výskumníka (ghostwriter) a často obsahujú vymyslený, nepravdivý, fabrikovaný, falzifikovaný a plagiarizovaný obsah (ghost fabrication). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation doesn't only affect business management and process optimization, but also more and more social fields and national policies. Above all, it is already manifesting itself in everyday practice and is gradually becoming an automatic part of the management approach in all types of institutions. The fourth industrial revolution should result in maximising the efficiency of all processes within institutions, supported by business intelligence tools and other digital approaches. The essence of Business Intelligence is to make strategic and routine operational decisions in an institution quickly but with a high degree of reliability. Therefore, these tools are constantly evolving very quickly and are gradually optimized based on the requirements of their users and modern trends. The aim of this paper is to present the importance of business intelligence tools for management and to give concrete examples of their actual possible uses in the day-to-day operation of information institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

196231Information behavior is one of the most prominent and most researched areas of information science. Thematic focus of research and the specifics of its conception naturally change over time, in accordance with the currently prevailing paradigm and the needs emerging in professional circles. The paper presents results of an analysis focused on trends in the field of human information behavior research over the last ten years. The studies that were the subject of the analysis were exported from two citation databases - Web of Science and Scopus, and their selection was conditioned by several criteria. The subject of the author's interest was primarily the type of respondents and methodological aspects of research, taking into account not only applied research methods, but also data collection techniques. These variables are also analyzed in terms of their potential interrelationships. Content analyzes of this type are important not only because of the development of thematic and methodological aspects in a specific area for a certain period, but they are also an indicator of further potential development, to which it is partially possible to adapt the following research efforts of the researcher himself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its inception a decade ago, the IIIF family of international standards for access to digitized documents has evolved into a major activity with a vibrant open community of major players in the field of digital document access. The Kramerius system has for many years been equipped with an interface (API) that provides all the relevant information required by the IIIF standards. This paper describes an application that acts as a gateway between the Kramerius interface and the IIIF Presentation API standard, opening up digital libraries built on K ramerius to the IIIF world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kramerius - an open source digital library system - is already in operation in dozens of installations in the Czech Republic and the neighbouring countries. Due to the fact that Kramerius is equipped with an open API, it was possible to develop the Kramerius Registry, a unique application that allows to get an overview of the technical status and data content of most digital libraries operated in the Czech Republic. This paper describes the features of the Registry, the advantages of its use by content aggregators, developers of Kramerius and systems connected to it, and librarians and administrators of Kramerius themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses some of the poorly explored links between the conceptual systems of logic in Kurt Gödel, the theory of automata in Alan Turing, and the theory of self-reproducing automata in John von Neumann. Traditional controversies are left aside (especially the opposition of Gödel and Turing in the view of mind) and attention is focused on the similarities between all three authors. In individual chapters, the text deals with: the form of differentiation of syntax and semantics in formal system in Gödel, Turing and von Neumann; von Neumann's variant of Gödel's theorem and von Neumann's and Gödel's conception of Turing machine; and finally the same basis of the view of the relation between mind and automaton in all three authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an analysis of the current (in)justice in childcare for children under three years of age in the Czech Republic by examining shifts in family and social policy after 1989. The paper compares three ways of redressing injustice: redistribution, recognition, and political representation in terms of domains of social injustice. Through the prism of Nancy Fraser's three-dimensional theory, the article analyses forms of redress in the economic, cultural, and political spheres. This approach aims to reveal the complexity of inequalities in childcare for children under three years of age and highlight the positive and negative aspects of family and social policy in the Czech Republic. The second goal of the paper is to establish a path towards amending the legislation that could change the legislation on family care in the Czech Republic based on a revision of values and the ideological and normative framework within which childcare for children under the age of three is understood in the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article summarizes the results of research by Czech ethnologists and sociocultural anthropologists on groups of Czech compatriots in the Balkans. The first part of the text is a short introduction to the issue, where the reader learns about the historical context, locations and circumstances of the formation of Czech compatriot groups. The following text is structured into three parts, which are defined by major historical events that have significantly influenced Czech society and Czech social sciences. The main aim of this article is to provide the reader with an overview of the key research papers that deal with the topic of compatriots in the Balkans. Furthermore, it will summarize and briefly assess the trends and methods that were a typical for the period. An important part of this text is the accompanying list of literature, which is a (selective) selection of the most important research papers of Czech ethnologists and anthropologists on compatriots in the Balkans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction, aim: The rise of research papers and investments made into 3D printing are the proof of the increased interest about this manufacturing method. The American Charles W. Hull is considered to be the inventor with the first patent in the field. The principle of 3D printing is printing the desired item in layers according to its template, most often present in .stl format. There are seven main technological processes of 3D printing, five of them are used in dentistry. Text deals with the three methods that are used the most: Vat Polymerisation, Material Extrusion and Powder Bed Fusion. In dentistry, additive manufacturing already has an important role for a longer period of time especially in implantology for the printing of surgical guides and in orthodontics for printing of study models and so-called invisible aligners. Additive manufacturing also allows to print retention appliances, and it facilitates the autotransplantation of teeth, while its importance is slowly rising in other sectors of dentistry such as in conservative dentistry in Class IV reconstruction or in guided endodontics and in prosthetic dentistry for printing of metal substructures and other components either in fixed or removable prosthetics in dental laboratory. Printing of accessories such as protective masks and face-shields or printing of 3D models of the real teeth and demonstration models in order to improve undergraduate, postgraduate and continuous education are among current applications. In medicine the printing is used for example for the production of biomaterials. The range of applications is therefore vast and the impact of 3D printing on dentistry is unquestionable. Shortcomings of printing are undergoing constant research and therefore it is just a matter of time until 3D printing will replace the conventional methods. The objective of this review paper was to sort the basic information about 3D printing with regards to its history, principle and types of printing but more importantly to summarise its use in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem and objective: The use of tobacco products by youths is social and health problem, while a current trend of the spread of other products besides cigarettes is registered, which appear to be less dangerous, but the opposite is true. Practice points out that group interventions do not have demonstrable effectiveness, and it is necessary to focus attention on situational multifactorial research. The paper aims to present the original Questionnaire on situational-motivational factors (SMF) of tobacco behavior (smoking), and the results of the pilot verification of its reliability and factor structure. It is a modified version of the questionnaire for SMF created for alcohol behavior (Rojková, Vavrová, 2017). Methods: The version for tobacco behavior was verified in the final group of 530 adolescents (239 boys, 291 girls) from different regions and types of secondary schools in Slovakia. The Questionnaire on situational-motivational factors (SMF) of tobacco behavior (smoking) measures 4 SMF in experimenting with smoking and 3 SMF in smoking regularly, including items to determine the period of the experimentation and regular smoking initialization (min. 1 cig./day), and current tobacco behavior. Each SMF is saturated by 5 item which are scored on 5-level Likert's scale. From analysis, Cronbach's coefficient calculation, descriptive and factor analysis (method of Principal components with Warimax rotation) were used. Results: Descriptive analysis showed saturation of the theoretical range with measured values for all SMFs, but with different distributions. SMF Family and SMF Escape show a low intensity in experimentiation, but nevertheless occur in a non-negligible percentage of cases. Based on the results, a satisfactory internal consistency of the subscales was found. Intercorrelations were reaching values representing weak and moderate relations except for a relation between SMF Excape - SMF Desire. In confirmation factor analysis, up to three items had not been confirmed in verified factors. Discussion: On the basis of SMF in experimentation, it was questionable keeping the SMF Family and SMF Escape, and both factors were retained. At SMF of regular smoking, considering the content of the items and the correlation between the SMF Desire and SMF Escape, a meaningful connection between the mentioned factors was interpreted. Conclusions: The main finding is that the 3-factor structure of the SMF of regular alcohol drinking is not applicable to regular smoking. When motivated to smoke, the internal motive is to achieve the effect of nicotine in the sense of reducing negative experiences, which helps the individual to manage stress. There is a lack of a direct motive to obtain positive benefits, which are brought by e.g. alcohol The questionnaire can be of benefit to psychological, pedagogical, or social practice with young people to prevent the risks associated with tobacco behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criticising the use of the generic masculine, feminist and gender linguists have proposed different alternatives. In the Czech context, the following three types of alternatives can be distinguished: (1) feminisation, (2) neutralisation and paraphrases, and (3) making nonbinary persons linguistically more visible. Empirical studies on the usage frequency of these alternatives, however, are lacking. This paper addresses this issue by analysing agentive nouns and the feminisation of surnames in selected Czech newspapers. The results show that in references to individual women almost exclusive use is made of feminine expressions. Mixed-gender groups are still largely referred to using the generic masculine. In only a minority of occurrences are neutralising strategies used to refer to persons. What is more common, however, is to find neutralising strategies being used where the intention of expressing gender fairness was probably not the reason for their use, as referring to persons is not their primary function. Neither pair forms nor graphic symbols for non-binary reference are used. The surnames of female foreign nationals are almost always feminised, even though this is not necessary and the texts provide other linguistic means of identifying the persons as women. Based on an analysis of the distribution of generically-intended masculine expressions in the analysed texts, I propose dividing them into two types according to whether or not there is an obvious inclusion of females and non-binary persons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personal proper names are part of a community's language inventory. To a large extent, they verbalise gender stereotypes, expectations and norms, power relations, political circumstances, and how minorities are treated. In my paper I analyse the current socioonomastic representation of gender-neutral names in the context of naming practices in the Czech Republic. More specifically, I examine what factors might explain the decreased use of these names, which, paradoxically, differ from other names in that they have an extended functionality. From a linguistic and legal perspective I inquire into how Czech naming practices stigmatise the sexual otherness of non-binary people and trans people in Czech society. In the conclusion I set out the conditions that must be met for gender-neutral names to be freely available to the entire population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the question of the sexual orientation of leading Carolingian scholar Alcuin of York. The authors begin by defining the term ‘queer sexuality’ as divergent from dominant forms of sexuality, before proceeding to present a brief overview of the life and work of Alcuin of York. The authors then turn to the primary sources that originally sparked the debate regarding Alcuin’s sexual orientation, followed by theoretical considerations on the methodological approaches that may be used to interpret ‘queer’ sources of the Middle Ages more generally, and the application of these methods in the specific case of Alcuin of York. Whether or not Alcuin’s sexuality was really ‘queer’, the authors argue, cannot be stated with certainty. Assuming it was, however, one may describe its manifestation in the given sources as a manifestation of queerness in its sublimated form, and as part of their own contemporary discourse on spiritual love and friendship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the Czech version of the popular story Peter of Provence and the Fair Maguelone, its origins as a late mediaeval prose romance written in Middle French, and its passage to the Czech lands during the second half of the 16th century via Veit Warbeck’s German translation and its first edition, both influenced by Martin Luther’s ideas for the reformation of the Church. We follow up with an overview and classification of existing Czech editions and other forms of the story (one reworking and popular songs). In this study, we analyse not only the relations and differences between French, German, and Czech versions of the story but also possible connections between Czech and Polish versions. We also consider the possibility that the Polish version served as a source of inspiration for certain Czech editions or for the anonymous reworking of the theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]