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An Algebraic Circuit for a multivariate polynomial P is a computational model for constructing the polynomial P using only additions and multiplications. It is a syntactic model of computation, as opposed to the Boolean Circuit model, and hence lower bounds for this model are widely expected to be easier to prove than lower bounds for Boolean circuits. Despite this, we do not have superpolynomial lower bounds against general algebraic circuits of depth 3 (except over constant-sized finite fields) and depth 4 (over any field other than F2), while constant-depth Boolean circuit lower bounds have been known since the early 1980s. In this paper, we prove the first superpolynomial lower bounds against algebraic circuits of all constant depths over all fields of characteristic 0. We also observe that our super-polynomial lower bound for constant-depth circuits implies the first deterministic sub-exponential time algorithm for solving the Polynomial Identity Testing (PIT) problem for all small-depth circuits using the known connection between algebraic hardness and randomness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses algorithmic priority inversion in mission-critical machine inference pipelines used in modern neural-network-based perception subsystems and describes a solution to mitigate its effect. In general, priority inversion occurs in computing systems when computations that are "less important" are performed together with or ahead of those that are "more important." Significant priority inversion occurs in existing machine inference pipelines when they do not differentiate between critical and less critical data. We describe a framework to resolve this problem and demonstrate that it improves a perception system's ability to react to critical inputs, while at the same time reducing platform cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate accurately unique and advanced wave properties in elastic metamaterials advanced and efficient numerical methods are needed. The paper presents an extended boundary integral equation method for simulating elastic wave scattering by doubly periodic arrays of rectangular crack-like voids. The convergence of the arising double series is proved and the convergence rate is carefully analyzed. Employing the results of the investigation of the convergence rate, an algorithm for fast numerical calculation of double series is proposed to reduce computational costs through preliminary analytical evaluation and the proposed summation strategy. The efficiency of the extended boundary integral equation method is demonstrated and examples of the calculated transmission coefficients exhibiting the influence of the introduction of the doubly periodic array are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a research paper that applies online resource allocation algorithms to refugee resettlement, aiming to improve refugees' integration into local communities and employment prospects. By utilizing concepts from algorithm design, such as balancing resource utilization and maintaining capacity for future refugees, the authors were able to enhance the employability metric for resettlement agencies like the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) by approximately 10%. This research not only addresses critical societal issues but also highlights the potential of algorithms to positively impact real-world outcomes for vulnerable populations, encouraging collaboration between algorithm designers and practitioners on important societal problems.

Recommender systems personalize content by recommending items to users. Item recommendation algorithms are evaluated by metrics that compare the positions of truly relevant items among the recommended items. To speed up the computation of metrics, recent work often uses sampled metrics where only a smaller set of random items and the relevant items are ranked. This paper investigates such sampled metrics in more detail and shows that they are inconsistent with their exact counterpart, in the sense that they do not persist relative statements, for example, recommender A is better than B, not even in expectation. Moreover, the smaller the sample size, the less difference there is between metrics, and for very small sample size, all metrics collapse to the AUC metric. We show that it is possible to improve the quality of the sampled metrics by applying a correction, obtained by minimizing different criteria. We conclude with an empirical evaluation of the naive sampled metrics and their corrected variants. To summarize, our work suggests that sampling should be avoided for metric calculation, however if an experimental study needs to sample, the proposed corrections can improve the quality of the estimate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) is an invertible text transformation that permutes symbols of a text according to the lexicographical order of its suffixes. BWT is the main component of popular lossless compression programs (such as bzip2) as well as recent powerful compressed indexes (such as the r-index7), central in modern bioinformatics. The compressibility of BWT is quantified by the number r of equal-letter runs in the output. Despite the practical significance of BWT, no nontrivial upper bound on r is known. By contrast, the sizes of nearly all other known compression methods have been shown to be either always within a polylog n factor (where n is the length of the text) from z, the size of Lempel--Ziv (LZ77) parsing of the text, or much larger in the worst case (by an nε factor for ε > 0). In this paper, we show that r = O (z log² n) holds for every text. This result has numerous implications for text indexing and data compression; in particular: (1) it proves that many results related to BWT automatically apply to methods based on LZ77, for example, it is possible to obtain functionality of the suffix tree in O (z polylog n) space; (2) it shows that many text processing tasks can be solved in the optimal time assuming the text is compressible using LZ77 by a sufficiently large polylog n factor; and (3) it implies the first nontrivial relation between the number of runs in the BWT of the text and of its reverse. In addition, we provide an O (z polylog n)-time algorithm converting the LZ77 parsing into the run-length compressed BWT. To achieve this, we develop several new data structures and techniques of independent interest. In particular, we define compressed string synchronizing sets (generalizing the recently introduced powerful technique of string synchronizing sets11) and show how to efficiently construct them. Next, we propose a new variant of wavelet trees for sequences of long strings, establish a nontrivial bound on their size, and describe efficient construction algorithms. Finally, we develop new indexes that can be constructed directly from the LZ77 parsing and efficiently support pattern matching queries on text substrings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implementations that follow the functional programming paradigm are being used in more and more domains. As functional programming paradigm has mathematical reference transparency, refinement to functional programs contributes to improving the reliability of the transformation process and simplifying the refinement steps. However, it is a challenge to generate functional programs from specifications. Most existing transformation methods refine specifications into abstract algorithm-level programs based on loop invariants rather than functional programs. This paper proposes a novel functional program generation method based on the partition-recursion refinement rule. It establishes a novel program refinement framework based on functional theory for the first time. This is the first study to regard the whole program refinement process as a composition of abstract functions. This paper designs a recurrence-based algorithm design language (Radl+) and implements a software prototype to map Radl+ algorithms into executable Haskell programs. To prove the feasibility and efficiency of this method, this paper transforms the polynomial multiplication problem from a specification into an executable Haskell program. This case shows that compared with existing approaches, the proposed method can simplify the transformation steps and reduce the number of lines of generated code from 38 to 10. • Novel refinement framework provides a new approach to generating a functional program. • The composition of abstract functions explains the program refinement process. • Substitution rule and Recursion rule have none of the side effects. • Software prototype transforms the polynomial multiplication problem into Haskell program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns a new incremental approach to mining data streams. It is known that patterns in a data stream may evolve over time. In many cases, we need to track and analyze the nature of these changes. In the paper, the probabilistic neural networks are considered as basic models for tracking changes in data streams. We present globally convergent stream data mining algorithms applied to problems of regression, classification, and density estimation in a time-varying (drifting) environment. The algorithms are derived from the Parzen kernel-based probabilistic neural networks working in the online mode. For each problem, a theorem is presented ensuring the L 2 convergence of the algorithm designed for tracking drifting regression, density, or discriminant functions. Illustrative examples explain in detail how to choose the bandwidth of the Parzen kernel and the learning rate of the online algorithm. The performance of all algorithms is shown in exemplary simulations. It should be noted that this paper is one of very few, in the existing literature, presenting mathematically justified stream data mining algorithms. • The incremental version of the Generalized Regression Neural Network (IGRNN) able to track drifting regression functions. • The incremental version of the Probabilistic Neural Network (IPNN) working in non-stationary environments. • Application of IPNN for tracking drifting discriminant functions. • Mathematical proofs of the L 2 convergence of all the proposed estimators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many real-life problems can be formulated as numerical optimization problems. Such problems pose a challenge for researchers when designing efficient techniques that are capable of finding the desired solution without suffering from premature convergence. This paper proposes a novel evolutionary algorithm that blends the exploitative and explorative merits of two main evolutionary algorithms, namely the Stochastic Fractal Search (SFS) and a Differential Evolution (DE) variant. This amalgam has an effective interaction and cooperation of an ensemble of diverse strategies to derive a single framework called Iterative Cyclic Tri-strategy with adaptive Differential Stochastic Fractal Evolutionary Algorithm (Ic3-aDSF-EA). The component algorithms cooperate and compete to enhance the quality of the generated solutions and complement each other. The iterative cycles in the proposed algorithm consist of three consecutive phases. The main idea behind the cyclic nature of Ic3-aDSF-EA is to gradually emphasize the work of the best-performing algorithm without ignoring the effects of the other inferior algorithm during the search process. The cooperation of component algorithms takes place at the end of each cycle for information sharing and the quality of solutions for the next cycle. The algorithm's performance is evaluated on 43 problems from three different benchmark suites. The paper also investigates the application to a set of real-life problems. The overall results show that the proposed Ic3-aDSF-EA has a propitious performance and a reliable scalability behavior compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel adaptive generalized Nash equilibrium (GNE) seeking algorithm is designed, in order to address the non-cooperative game with private inequality constraints under high-dimensional input dead-zone. That is to say, the dead-zone dynamics may be thought of as a generic high-dimensional convex set, and the introduction of two methods distinguishes our works in seeking the GNE of non-cooperative games. On the one hand, a two-time-scale structure based on singular perturbation method is led into the design of GNE seeking algorithm, where the fast dynamics part rapidly eliminates the influence of input dead-zone, and the slow dynamics part drives the players' action to the GNE. On the other hand, adaptive penalty method is utilized to ensure the player's action enters the inequality constraints set without a prior estimation of centralized information for penalty parameters. The algorithm in this paper realizes complete distribution and parameter independence, making it easy to apply in practical programming. At last, several numerical examples regarding the electricity markets are employed to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Telemedicine provides remote online services for digital diagnosis and treatment via the Internet. However, there is a risk of data leakage during transmission. Therefore, data protection is an important challenge for telemedicine. Chaos is widely used in image, audio, and EEG encryption because of its unique characteristics of unpredictability, nonlinearity, and sensitivity to an initial state. However, some chaotic maps have various security issues. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a K-sine-transform-based coupled chaotic system (K-STBCCS), combining any two one-dimensional chaotic mappings to generate a new chaos mapping. To demonstrate the reliability of the system, this paper generates three new chaotic mappings using K-STBCCS and analyzes their performance. Using the chaotic mapping generated by K-STBCCS, this paper further proposes an EEG signal encryption scheme based on the confusion-diffusion principle. The purpose of confusion is to separate adjacent EEG signals, while the purpose of diffusion is to change the value of EEG signals. Among them, the diffusion operation uses positive and negative diffusion to reduce the correlation between the ciphertext and the original signals. The experimental results and security analysis show that the proposed EEG signal encryption scheme performs well and passes the rigorous cryptographic security test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Telemedicine provides remote online services for digital diagnosis and treatment via the Internet. However, there is a risk of data leakage during transmission. Therefore, data protection is an important challenge for telemedicine. Chaos is widely used in image, audio, and EEG encryption because of its unique characteristics of unpredictability, nonlinearity, and sensitivity to an initial state. However, some chaotic maps have various security issues. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a K-sine-transform-based coupled chaotic system (K-STBCCS), combining any two one-dimensional chaotic mappings to generate a new chaos mapping. To demonstrate the reliability of the system, this paper generates three new chaotic mappings using K-STBCCS and analyzes their performance. Using the chaotic mapping generated by K-STBCCS, this paper further proposes an EEG signal encryption scheme based on the confusion-diffusion principle. The purpose of confusion is to separate adjacent EEG signals, while the purpose of diffusion is to change the value of EEG signals. Among them, the diffusion operation uses positive and negative diffusion to reduce the correlation between the ciphertext and the original signals. The experimental results and security analysis show that the proposed EEG signal encryption scheme performs well and passes the rigorous cryptographic security test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we describe multi-itinerary optimization (MIO)--a novel Bing Maps service that automates the process of building itineraries for multiple agents while optimizing their routes to minimize travel time or distance. MIO can be used by organizations with a fleet of vehicles and drivers, mobile salesforce, or a team of personnel in the field, to maximize workforce efficiency. It supports a variety of constraints, such as service time windows, duration, priority, pickup and delivery dependencies, and vehicle capacity. MIO also considers traffic conditions between locations, resulting in algorithmic challenges at multiple levels (e.g., calculating time-dependent travel-time distance matrices at scale and scheduling services for multiple agents). To support an end-to-end cloud service with turnaround times of a few seconds, our algorithm design targets a sweet spot between accuracy and performance. Toward that end, we build a scalable approach based on the ALNS metaheuristic. Our experiments show that accounting for traffic significantly improves solution quality: MIO finds efficient routes that avoid late arrivals, whereas traffic-agnostic approaches result in a 15% increase in the combined travel time and the lateness of an arrival. Furthermore, our approach generates itineraries with substantially higher quality than a cutting-edge heuristic (LKH), with faster running times for large instances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the multi-physical field-circuit co-simulation method coupling the Maxwell's and drift diffusion equations is proposed for the analysis of electromagnetic energy selective surface (ESS). To alleviate the universal feature that multi-physics simulation is extremely time-consuming, the space mapping algorithm is consulted and introduced into the transient calculation process. Thus, the searches for a convergent solution in nonlinear equations are regarded as an optimization procedure, which employs the mapped equivalent model to replace the high-cost multi-physics equations calculation. This operation can considerably minimize the number of multi-physics equations that must be computed, improving analysis efficiency. The great accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are demonstrated by numerical results. As a result, this approach is an alternative tool to examine electromagnetic-circuit systems, particularly in high-power microwave scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the distributed consensus seeking of multi-agent systems (MASs) with discrete-time control updating and intermittent communications among agents. Compared with existing linearly coupled protocols, a nonlinear coupled Zeno-free event-triggered controller is first proposed, which is further to project the static and dynamic triggering mechanisms exploited by using the deadband control method. Then, the node-based nonlinear coupled adaptive event-triggered controller with online self-tuning of time-varying coupling weight and its corresponding to static and dynamic deadband-based event-triggered mechanisms are designed, respectively. The exploited adaptive event-triggered controller does not rely on any global information of interaction structure and is implemented in a fully distributed fashion. In addition, two dynamic proposals not only cover existing static strategies as special cases, but also show that the minimal inter-execution time of dynamic one is not smaller than that of static one. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed static and dynamic deadband-based event-triggered mechanisms can not only ensure the average consensus with Zeno-freeness, but also achieve the data reduction of communication and control. Finally, the proposed algorithms applied to circuit implementation are corroborated to prove its practical merits and validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A many objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and moth search is proposed. • Random and adaptive weights is used to break the limitation of uniform distribution weights. • Mutual evaluation value is used to evaluate the optimal individual in the neighborhood. • Improving scale factor α in MSA is to improve the performance of the proposed algorithm. Decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA/D) has good performance in solving multi-objective problems (MOPs) but poor performance in solving many-objective optimization problems (MaOPs). The weight vectors in MOEA/D are relatively fixed, which results in poor performance when dealing with complex MaOPs. In this paper, random and adaptive weights are introduced into MOEA/D to break the limitation of fixed weight vectors. And the moth search algorithm (MSA) is used as an operator to improve global search ability. The updating strategies in MSA are more consistent with the neighborhood learning strategy adopted in MOEA/D. In addition, to enable MSA to find the optimal solution in the neighborhood on the MaOPs to update other individuals. This paper introduces mutual evaluation value for evaluating the optimal individual in the neighborhood, and the proposed algorithm is abbreviated as MOEA/DMS. In comparative experiments on the MaF test suite, hypervolume (HV) and inverted generational distance (IGD) are used to measure MOEA/DMS and other many-objective evolutionary algorithms (MaOEAs). The results show that MOEA/DMS has an excellent performance in dealing with MaOPs. Besides, MOEA/DMS is compared with other state-of-the-art MaOEAs on two combinatorial MaOPs. The results show that MOEA/DMS also has significant advantages in dealing with combinatorial MaOPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The initial information contribution of nodes is normalized by utilizing their degree and two network properties, and the size of the initial information contribution of nodes is adjusted with the help of a free parameter. • The average degree of the intermediate nodes between the source node and destination node is considered to achieve the global information transmission between them. • The size of the initial information contribution of nodes and three ways of information transmission are applied to construct the algorithm proposed in the paper. • The proposed algorithm has great advantage in the effectiveness, robustness, and practicability of link prediction compared with most benchmark algorithms. Many link prediction algorithms have originated from the process of information transmission between nodes in recent years. Despite these algorithms can obtain great prediction results, there may be also some limitations. For instance, the size of the initial information amount of nodes is ignored when these kinds of algorithms are constructed. Aiming at this issue, a link prediction algorithm based on the initial information contribution of nodes is proposed in this paper. First of all, the initial information contribution of nodes is quantified by utilizing some topological information around them and an adjustable parameter. In the next, three ways of bidirectional information transmission between nodes are analyzed. After that, the total information amount that received by two nodes through three ways of information transmission is applied to measure the structural similarity between them, to design the link prediction algorithm. At last, the experimental results on sixteen real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has great advantages in effectiveness and robustness, compared with ten mainstream benchmark indices. More than that, in order to verify the application performance of the proposed algorithm in the practical scenario, our algorithm is also employed in some social domains, such as the Facebook and crime networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Jointly consider the task dependency and edge cloud environment. • Combine deep reinforcement learning and genetic algorithm. • Generate the initial population of genetic algorithm by DQN. Edge computing can greatly decrease the delay between users and cloud servers, which can significantly improve system service performance. However, it remains challenging for more efficient scheduling and allocation of users' application demands with dependence constraints to edge cloud servers. Due to the randomness of the initial population, traditional intelligent optimization algorithms have poor convergence speed in addressing resource scheduling. Therefore, to minimize the execution time of the application, this paper proposes a hybrid algorithm to solve the resource scheduling problem with parallelism and subtask dependency. To improve the convergence speed of the algorithm, this paper makes full use of the features of deep Q networks (DQN) and genetic algorithms (GA). The initial population of GA is generated using DQN. Finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm, this paper selects three real scientific workflows for experiments. The experimental results show that the hybrid algorithm can converge quickly and improve the optimization effect in a short time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multidimensional fuzzy sets (MFS) is a new extension of fuzzy sets on which the membership values of an element in the universe of discourse are increasingly ordered vectors on the set of real numbers in the interval [ 0 , 1 ]. This paper aims to investigate fuzzy negations on the set of increasingly ordered vectors on [ 0 , 1 ] , i.e. on L ∞ ([ 0 , 1 ]) , MFN in short, with respect to some partial order. In this paper we study partial orders, giving special attention to admissible orders on L n ([ 0 , 1 ]) and L ∞ ([ 0 , 1 ]). In addition, we study the possibility of existence of strong multidimensional fuzzy negations and some properties and methods to construct such operators. In particular, we define the ordinal sums of n-dimensional negations and ordinal sums of multidimensional fuzzy negations on a multidimensional product order. A multi-attribute group decision making algorithm is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a related model of membrane calculation in the defect detection and positioning of industrial components. It has the characteristics of distributed and parallel computing, and can efficiently search for better solutions in a given feature space. Inspired by the membrane clustering algorithm, this paper proposes a greedy membrane clustering algorithm and names it GMCA. GMCA is applied after the extraction of local features of normal samples. It uses a greedy strategy to construct a sub-feature set that describes the local characteristics of normal samples. During training, GMCA can learn the membrane cluster center of normal image blocks and each sub-feature within the cluster. At test time, the anomaly map is obtained by calculating the distance from the test sample block to the corresponding cluster center and the maximum distance from the cluster center to the nearest neighbor in the training sample. This solves the limitation of traditional algorithms requiring dataset alignment. In the unsupervised dataset MvTec AD, samples can be divided into object categories and texture categories according to the background of images. The pixel-level anomaly location index (AUROC) of this method on object category data reaches 98.3%. The image-level anomaly detection index (AUROC) on texture category data reaches 99.1%. • We design a computational model of membrane clustering using the evolutionary mechanisms and communicative mechanisms of cells. • GMCA has the global optimization characteristics of high accuracy and fast convergence of the membrane clustering algorithm. • GMCA has the local optimization characteristics of the greedy strategy. • GMCA solves the limitation of traditional defect detection and positioning methods that require dataset alignment. • Numerous experiments show the proposed GMCA performs competitively in industrial defect detection and location prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• An adaptive random competition strategy is designed. • A neighborhood crossover strategy to improve convergence speed and accuracy. • A more robust multi-strategy competitive-cooperative co-evolution algorithm is presented. In order to effectively solve multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) and fully balance uniformity and convergence, a multi-strategy competitive-cooperative co-evolutionary algorithm based on adaptive random competition and neighborhood crossover, namely MSCOEA is developed in this paper. In the MSCOEA, a new adaptive random competition strategy is designed to determine whether one sub-population loses diversity through the performance. A random competition process is executed to increase the sub-population diversity in order to compete for participation opportunities in the next iteration. And the extra population is employed to store the found non-dominated solutions. A new neighborhood crossover strategy is designed to enhance the local search ability. Finally, three different types of multi-objective benchmark functions are selected to verify the effectiveness of the MSCOEA. The experiment results show that the MSCOEA can effectively balance convergence and uniformity, and obtains better optimization performance and robustness by comparing with other algorithms. The convergence performance of the adaptive random competition and the neighborhood crossover strategies are also analyzed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic multiobjective optimization problems (DMOPs) vary over time, requiring an optimization algorithm to track the position of Pareto-optimal front (PF) in a dynamic environment. To achieve that, a novel co-evolutionary algorithm based on problem analysis (CAPA) is proposed in this paper. CAPA is designed to solve DMOPs from decision space and objective space simultaneously, which is achieved by the combination of adjustable prediction (AP) and precise mapping strategy (PM). In decision space, the proposed multi-model prediction can estimate the location of new population based on the historical median points. In objective space, a novel sampling method is developed to search for sample points with better convergence or diversity. Then, mapping these sample points back to decision space based on inverse model. Through the problem analysis mechanism, the proportion of the new solutions produced by each strategy changes adaptively. CAPA is incorporated into the dynamic multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (DMOEA) based on decomposition (MOEA/D) to construct a novel algorithm. The efficacy of CAPA is validated by comparison with five state-of-the-art algorithms on 28 benchmarks. Experimental results show that CAPA has the ability to generate high quality population uniformly along PF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the proliferation of mobile technology and IT development, people can use social network services anywhere and anytime. Among many social network mining problems, identifying cohesive subgraphs has attracted extensive attention from different fields due to its numerous applications. The most widely used among many cohesive subgraph models is k -core, because of its simple and intuitive structure. In this paper, we formulate (p , n) -core in signed networks by extending the k -core model. (p , n) -core is designed to guarantee sufficient internal positive edges and deficient internal negative edges. We formally prove that finding an exact (p , n) -core is NP-hard. Hence, we propose three efficient and effective algorithms to find a solution. We demonstrate the superiority of our proposed algorithms using real-world and synthetic networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the communication protocol-based zonotopic state and fault estimation issue for a class of discrete time-varying industrial cyber-physical systems under bounded disturbances and constrained communication resources. First, in order to alleviate resource consumption, a round-robin protocol is developed to schedule the data transmission between the local sensor and the remote estimator. Second, a zonotopic set-membership estimation algorithm is developed to guarantee that the unavailable system state and fault signals could be simultaneously estimated and enclosed in a zonotope at every instant of time. Subsequently, the size of such a zonotope is minimized at each iteration by appropriately selecting a correlation matrix. Furthermore, the rigorous stability and performance analysis for the developed zonotopic estimation algorithm is provided. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to verify the obtained theoretical results. • Novel zonotopic set-membership estimation algorithm, where the zonotope guarantees to contain unknown system state and fault a rigorous stability analysis for the developed estimation scheme is provided by analyzing the boundedness of zonotope. • Finally two simulation examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed estimation scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a robust online learning approach, adaptive filtering based on correntropy has attracted more attentions. Recently, researchers have made efforts to develop complex correntropy to deal with adaptive filtering issues in complex domain. However, most of the literature on complex correntropy lack details regarding the processing of noncircular signals. Up to now, the maximum improper complex correntropy criterion (MICCC) algorithm for noncircular and widely-linear (WL) adaptive filtering utilizes the gradient descent method to find the maximum of the objective function. However, the MICCC algorithm fails to guarantee both low steady-state weight error power and fast convergence. To overcome this defect, this paper proposes a class of adaptive filtering algorithms which are based on fixed-point instead of gradient descent. It is worth noting that we manage to avoid the massive calculation of matrix inversion in traditional fixed-point based methods by utilizing the lemma of matrix inversion properly and further provide two alternative recursive algorithms. Finally, the local convergence analysis of mean and mean square is performed, and the simulated results offer strong evidences for the superior performance of the proposed algorithms over widely-linear complex least mean square (WL-CLMS), widely-linear recursive least square (WL-RLS) and MICCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, researchers have proposed many graph-based multi-view clustering (GMC) algorithms to solve the multi-view clustering (MVC) problem. However, there are still some limitations in the existing GMC algorithm. In these algorithms, a graph is usually constructed to represent the relationship between the samples in a view; however, it cannot represent the relationship very well since it is often preconstructed. In addition, these algorithms ignore the robustness problem of each graph and high-level information between different graphs. Then, in the paper, we propose a novel MVC method, i.e., robust and optimal neighborhood graph learning for MVC (RONGL/MVC). Specifically, we first build an initial graph for each view. However, these initial graphs cannot represent the relationship between the samples in each view well, so we look for the optimal graph with k connected components in the neighborhood of each initial graph, where k is the number of clusters. Then, to improve the robustness of RONGL/MVC, we reconstruct the optimal graph with the self-representation matrix. Furthermore, we stack all the self-representation matrices into a tensor and impose the tensor low-rank constraint, which can maximize consistent features and explore the high-order relationship between optimal graphs. In addition, we provide an optimization strategy by utilizing the Augmented Lagrange Multiplier (ALM) method. Experimental results on several datasets indicate that RONGL/MVC outperforms state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clustering is an important data analysis technique. However, due to the diversity of datasets, each clustering algorithm is unable to produce satisfactory results on some particular datasets. In this paper, we propose a clustering optimization method called HIAC (H ighly I mproving the A ccuracy of C lustering algorithms). By introducing gravitation, HIAC forces objects in the dataset to move towards similar objects, making the ameliorated dataset more friendly to clustering algorithms (i.e. , clustering algorithms can produce more accurate results on the ameliorated dataset). HIAC is independent of clustering principle, so it can optimize different clustering algorithms. In contrast to other similar methods, HIAC is the first to adopt the selective-addition mechanism, i.e. , only adding gravitation between valid-neighbors, to avoid dissimilar objects approaching each other. In order to identify valid-neighbors from neighbors, HIAC introduces a decision graph, from which the naked eye can observe a clear division threshold. Additionally, the decision graph can assist HIAC in reducing the negative effects that improper parameter values have on optimization. We conducted numerous experiments to test HIAC. Experiment results show that HIAC can effectively ameliorate high-dimensional datasets, Gaussian datasets, shape datasets, the datasets with outliers, and overlapping datasets. HIAC greatly improves the accuracy of clustering algorithms, and its improvement rates are far higher than that of similar methods. The average improvement rate is as high as 253.6% (except maximum and minimum). Moreover, its runtime is significantly shorter than that of most similar methods. More importantly, with different parameter values, the advantages of HIAC over similar methods are always maintained. The code of HIAC is available at https://github.com/qiqi12/HIAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the problem of reliable fuzzy prognosis of decentralized fuzzy discrete event systems (FDESs) in face of possible unavailability of some local agents. Firstly, the notion of k -reliable fuzzy coprognosability is formalized for a decentralized FDES with m local agents, which requires that a k -reliable fuzzy coprognosable FDES can predict the fault to a certain degree in the manner of fuzziness even when m - k local agents are unavailable, where 1 ⩽ k ⩽ m. Then, a reliable fuzzy copredictor is constructed to perform the reliable fuzzy prognosis of decentralized FDESs, and a necessary and sufficient condition of the k -reliable fuzzy coprognosability is presented. In particular, an algorithm based on reliable fuzzy copredictor is proposed to verify the k -reliable fuzzy coprognosability of FDESs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the constrained finite-time consensus control problem for second-order multi-agent systems with leaderless and leader–follower. By using the saturated controller design method and homogenous system theory, a finite-time consensus algorithm for multi-agent systems is proposed. Compared with the existing results, the proposed consensus algorithm makes the closed-loop system not only finite-time convergence but also satisfies the velocity constraints and input saturations. Simulation examples show the effectiveness of the proposed consensus algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A method for representing node performance based on multi-attribute expression. • A TOPSIS-based algorithm for evaluating the node performance. • A replica placement algorithm based on the entropy weight TOPSIS method. Performance optimization based on node attributes is of profound significance in the replica placement algorithm used in Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS). Currently, most researchers studying replica placement algorithms consider only a single attribute or a few multiple attributes. However, a single attribute cannot accurately express the performance of a node. Therefore, this paper proposes a replica placement algorithm based on the entropy weight TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) method, called TS-REPLICA. First, a multi-attribute matrix that comprehensively reflects the performance and load of nodes is defined. Then, a TOPSIS-based algorithm is proposed to calculate the performance score of each data node. In addition, the entropy weight method is introduced to derive the weights of attributes for balancing the influence of weights of multiple attributes. Next, the comprehensive load score of each data node in the Spark cluster, the average comprehensive load score of each rack, and the average comprehensive load score of the entire cluster are calculated, and replica placement is performed based on the obtained scores. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified on various datasets and test cases. The experimental results show that the TS-REPLICA algorithm outperforms the better comparison algorithm in execution number in Spark cluster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of frequent subgraphs is a basic and well studied operation on graphs. Thus, mining frequent graph patterns and problems associated with it is very important. However, the number of frequent subgraphs is potentially exponential while mining large graph patterns. This issue can be partly overcome using closed frequent graphs mining. Instead of mining all frequent subgraphs, it is more efficient to enumerate only the closed frequent graphs. Thus, in this paper, we propose a novel closed frequent subgraph mining algorithm: CFGM. In this algorithm, a stack-based architecture is used to enumerate the frequent graph represented by the depth-first search. Moreover, this algorithm defines a strict partial order among frequent graphs. We demonstrate that, with respect to this strict partial order, only maximal elements (frequent graphs) need to be discovered. A pruning strategy is developed based on this strict partial order that dramatically reduces unnecessary frequent subgraphs to be enumerated. Computational results show our algorithm displays excellent performance, especially for some large asymmetric frequent graph patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an evolutionary algorithm with clustering-based selection strategies to deal with multi-objective optimization problems. In the proposed algorithm, two clustering based selection strategies, named local indicator selection and local crowding selection, have been devised to appropriately search the space. The local indicator selection is developed to select diverse and well-converged individuals for mating while the local crowding selection strategy is designed to maintain a set of evenly distributed individuals on the Pareto front for next generation of evolution. The proposed method is further enhanced by a clustering based crowding degree strategy, which is introduced to extract a uniformly distributed and convergent solutions as the final output. The performance of proposed algorithm has been evaluated on 31 benchmark problems and compared with related methods. The results clearly show the merits of proposed strategies and the proposed method could significantly outperform related methods to be compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Using machine learning to recommend appropriate parameters and operators for differential evolution algorithm. • The fitness landscape features are used as a basis for recommending parameters for the optimization problems. • A mutation operator selector based on AdaBoost & decision tree, and a parameter selector based on BP neural network are established for the differential evolution algorithm. Due to the problems of low accuracy and increasing control parameters in the existing parameter adaptive methods of differential evolution (DE) algorithm, in this paper a mutation operator selector and a parameter selector are proposed through Fitness Landscape (FL) analysing. At first, the performance differences of the two categories of mutation operators named DE / b e s t / 1 and DE / c u r r e n t - t o - r a n d / 1 were analyzed on many test problems. Secondly, the relationship between the FL and mutation operator is founded by using ensemble learning and decision tree, and achieved a classifier named mutation operator selector. Thirdly, the relationship between the FL and algorithm parameters is founded by using a neural network, and then a classifier named parameter selector is achieved. Finally, the improved DE algorithm equip with the two selectors is tested on the CEC2017 benchmark set. The results show that the proposed improved DE algorithm is outperforms both the basis DE algorithm and other three state-of-the-arts algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public-key authenticated encryption with keyword search (PAEKS) is an important cryptographic primitive for realizing effective and confidential searches on encrypted data in cloud computing. Several PAEKS schemes with various appealing functionalities have been proposed in the literature. Nevertheless, most of them are based on the classical number-theoretic assumptions and are impossible to resist quantum attacks. Their security is only proven against chosen-keyword attacks and is considered insufficient. Fortunately, ring-LWE and ring-ISIS problems reduced from the worst-case ideal lattices are believed to be post-quantum secure and could be improved computational efficiency in constructions. In this paper, we propose a scalable PAEKS scheme based on ring-LWE and ring-ISIS by adopting the ring analog of lattice algorithms of both digital signature and searchable encryption schemes, in which signature algorithms are used to authenticate ciphertext, making our PAEKS resistant to insider keyword guessing attacks. The scheme is also proved secure against chosen-ciphertext attacks and token privacy attacks. In addition, we extend the PAEKS scheme to conjunctive keywords and multi-user settings to allow for realistic promotion. We finally implement our schemes and compare them with related counterparts, which shows that our constructions are efficient in practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passively-integrated memristors are the most prospective candidates for designing high-speed, energy-efficient, and compact neuromorphic circuits. Despite all the promising properties, experimental demonstrations of passive memristive crossbars have been limited to circuits with few thousands of devices until now, which stems from the strict uniformity requirements on the IV characteristics of memristors. This paper expands upon this vital challenge and investigates how uniformity impacts the computing accuracy of analog memristive circuits, focusing on neuromorphic applications. Specifically, the paper explores the tradeoffs between computing accuracy, crossbar size, switching threshold variations, and target precision. All-embracing simulations of matrix multipliers and deep neural networks on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets have been carried out to evaluate the role of uniformity on the accuracy of computing systems. Further, we study three post-fabrication methods that increase the accuracy of nonuniform 0T1R neuromorphic circuits: hardware-aware training, improved tuning algorithm, and switching threshold modification. The application of these techniques allows us to implement advanced deep neural networks with almost no accuracy drop, using current state-of-the-art analog 0T1R technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the problem of event-triggered optimized control for uncertain nonlinear Itô-type stochastic systems with time-delay and unknown dynamic. By using fuzzy logic systems to approximate two unknown nonlinear functions with the delayed state and current state, respectively. The adaptive identifier is constructed to determine the stochastic system, and the optimized control is designed by using the identifier and adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) of actor-critic architecture. Almost all of the works are concentrated on ADP-based optimal control and it will inevitably cause the complexity of computation and requirements of persistence excitation (PE) assumption. In this paper, the ADP algorithm is obtained based on the negative gradient of a simple positive function (equivalent to the HJB equation), and so the proposed optimal control is simple and can release the PE assumption. Moreover, the event-triggered control approach is proposed to reduce computing burden and communication resources. Furthermore, we prove that the states of system and FLSs parameter errors are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) in mean square via the adaptive identifier and the Lyapunov direct method as well as identifier-actor-critic architecture-based ADP algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through two numerical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to refine and expand the theoretical and application framework of higher-dimensional digital chaotic system (HDDCS). Topological mixing for HDDCS is strictly proved theoretically at first. Topological mixing implies Devaney’s definition of chaos in a compact space, but not vice versa. Therefore, the proof of topological mixing promotes the theoretical research of HDDCS. Then, a general design method for constructing HDDCS via loop-state contraction algorithm is given. The construction of the iterative function uncontrolled by random sequences (hereafter called iterative function) is the starting point of this research. On this basis, this paper put forward a general design method to solve the construction problem of HDDCS, and several examples illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of this method. The adjacency matrix corresponding to the designed HDDCS is used to construct the chaotic Echo State Network (ESN) for predicting Mackey-Glass time series. Compared with other ESNs, the chaotic ESN has better prediction performance and is able to accurately predict a much longer period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The threshold theorem is a seminal result in the field of quantum computing asserting that arbitrarily long quantum computations can be performed on a faulty quantum computer provided that the noise level is below some constant threshold. This remarkable result comes at the price of increasing the number of qubits (quantum bits) by a large factor that scales polylogarithmically with the size of the quantum computation we wish to realize. Minimizing the space overhead for fault-tolerant quantum computation is a pressing challenge that is crucial to benefit from the computational potential of quantum devices. In this paper, we study the asymptotic scaling of the space overhead needed for fault-tolerant quantum computation. We show that the polylogarithmic factor in the standard threshold theorem is in fact not needed and that there is a fault-tolerant construction that uses a number of qubits that is only a constant factor more than the number of qubits of the ideal computation. This result was conjectured by Gottesman who suggested to replace the concatenated codes from the standard threshold theorem by quantum error-correcting codes with a constant encoding rate. The main challenge was then to find an appropriate family of quantum codes together with an efficient classical decoding algorithm working even with a noisy syndrome. The efficiency constraint is crucial here: bear in mind that qubits are inherently noisy and that faults keep accumulating during the decoding process. The role of the decoder is therefore to keep the number of errors under control during the whole computation. On a technical level, our main contribution is the analysis of the small-set-flip decoding algorithm applied to the family of quantum expander codes. We show that it can be parallelized to run in constant time while correcting sufficiently many errors on both the qubits and the syndrome to keep the error under control. These tools can be seen as a quantum generalization of the bit-flip algorithm applied to the (classical) expander codes of Sipser and Spielman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memory leaks in web applications are pervasive and difficult to debug. Leaks degrade responsiveness by increasing garbage collection costs and can even lead to browser tab crashes. Previous leak detection approaches designed for conventional applications are ineffective in the browser environment. Tracking down leaks currently requires intensive manual effort by web developers, which is often unsuccessful. This paper introduces BLeak (Browser Leak debugger), the first system for automatically debugging memory leaks in web applications. BLeak’s algorithms leverage the observation that in modern web applications, users often repeatedly return to the same (approximate) visual state (e.g., the inbox view in Gmail). Sustained growth between round trips is a strong indicator of a memory leak. To use BLeak, a developer writes a short script (17–73 LOC on our benchmarks) to drive a web application in round trips to the same visual state. BLeak then automatically generates a list of leaks found along with their root causes, ranked by return on investment. Guided by BLeak, we identify and fix over 50 memory leaks in popular libraries and apps including Airbnb, AngularJS, Google Analytics, Google Maps SDK, and jQuery. BLeak’s median precision is 100%; fixing the leaks it identifies reduces heap growth by an average of 94%, saving from 0.5MB to 8MB per round trip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) is a robust iterative algorithm that computes many transcendental mathematical functions. This paper proposes a reconfigurable CORDIC hardware design and FPGA realization that includes all possible configurations of the CORDIC algorithm. The proposed architecture is introduced in two approaches: multiplier-less and single multiplier approaches, each with its advantages. Compared to recent related works, the proposed implementation overpasses them in the included number of configurations. Additionally, it demonstrates efficient hardware utilization and suitability for potential applications. Furthermore, the proposed design is applied to a memristive chaotic system with different transcendental functions computed using the proposed reconfigurable block. The memristive system design is realized on the Artix-7 FPGA board, yielding throughputs of 0.4483 and 0.3972 Gbit/s for the two approaches of reconfigurable CORDIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an extensive study of linear and logistic regression algorithms implemented with 1T1R memristor crossbars arrays. Using a sophisticated simulation platform that wraps circuit-level simulations of 1T1R crossbars and physics-based models of RRAM (memristors), we elucidate the impact of device variability on algorithm accuracy, convergence rate and precision. Moreover, a smart pulsing strategy is proposed for practical implementation of synaptic weight updates that can accelerate training in real crossbar architectures. Stochastic multi-variable linear regression shows robustness to memristor variability in terms of prediction accuracy but reveals impact on convergence rate and precision. Similarly, the stochastic logistic regression crossbar implementation reveals immunity to memristor variability as determined by negligible effects on image classification accuracy but indicates an impact on training performance manifested as reduced convergence rate and degraded precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An important problem in terrain analysis is modeling how water flows across a terrain and creates floods by filling up depressions. In this paper, we study a number of flood-risk related problems: given a terrain Σ, represented as a triangulated xy-monotone surface with n vertices, a rain distribution, and a volume of rain ψ, determine which portions of Σ are flooded. We give an overview of efficient algorithms for these problems as well as explore the efficacy and efficiency of these algorithms on real terrains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The compressive sensing (CS) based sparse vector coding (SVC) method is one of the promising ways for the next-generation ultra-reliable and low-latency communications. In this paper, we present advanced algorithm-hardware co-optimization schemes for realizing a cost-effective SVC decoding architecture. The previous maximum a posteriori subspace pursuit (MAP-SP) algorithm is newly modified to relax the computational overheads by applying novel residual forwarding and LLR approximation schemes. A fully-pipelined parallel hardware is also developed to support the modified decoding algorithm, reducing the overall processing latency, especially at the support identification step. In addition, an advanced least-square-problem solver is presented by utilizing the parallel Cholesky decomposer design, further reducing the decoding latency with parallel updates of support values. The implementation results from a 22nm FinFET technology showed that the fully-optimized design is 9.6 times faster while improving the area efficiency by 12 times compared to the baseline realization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparative view of the cost function when using the GWO, GD, and PSO algorithms. [Display omitted] • A Policy Iteration Reinforcement Learning-based control approach is proposed. • A Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm trains the policy neural network. • A comparison with classical Gradient Descent and metaheuristic PSO is offered. • The validation is done on real-time nonlinear servo system position control. • The fast convergence of the suggested approach is proved. This paper presents a new Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based control approach that uses the Policy Iteration (PI) and a metaheuristic Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm to train the Neural Networks (NNs). Due to an efficient tradeoff to exploration and exploitation, the GWO algorithm shows good results in NN training and solving complex optimization problems. The proposed approach is compared to the classical PI RL-based control approach using the Gradient Descent (GD) algorithm, and with the RL-based control approach which uses the metaheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The experiments are conducted using a nonlinear servo system laboratory equipment. Each approach evaluated on how well it solves the optimal reference tracking control for an experimental servo system position control system. The policy NNs specific to all three approaches are implemented as state feedback with integrator controllers to remove the steady-state control errors and thus ensure the convergence of the objective function. Because of the random nature of metaheuristic algorithms, the experiments for GWO and PSO algorithms are run multiple times and the results are averaged before the conclusions are presented. The experimental results shows that for the control objective considered in this paper, the GWO algorithm represents a better solution compared to GD and PSO algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study structures such as distributive lattices, distributive semilattices, and median graphs from an algorithmic point of view. Such structures are very useful in classification and phylogeny for representing lineage relationships for example. A distributive lattice can be considered as a median graph while a distributive ∨-semilattice can be considered as a median graph provided that some conditions holding on triple of elements are satisfied. Starting from a lattice structure with different representations, we study the problem of building a median graph from such structures. We make precise and propose algorithms for checking how a lattice can be distributive and can be a median graph. Then, we adapt the problem to semilattices as a lattice where the bottom element is removed is a ∨-semilattice. We also state the problem in terms of Formal Concept Analysis and the representation of a lattice as a formal context, i.e., a binary table. Moreover, we also propose as input a system of implications such as the Duquenne-Guigues basis of a lattice, and we study how to compute such a basis for a distributive semilattice. In the paper, we provide algorithms and examples which illustrate the difficulties related to these different classification tasks. In particular, the minimality of the output lattices is a condition which is hard to ensure and which cannot be always achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since chaotic cryptography has a long-term problem of dynamic degradation, this paper presents proof that chaotic systems resist dynamic degradation through theoretical analysis. Based on this proof, a novel one-dimensional two-parameter with a wide-range system mixed coupled map lattice model (TWMCML) is given. The evaluation of TWMCML shows that the system has the characteristics of strong chaos, high sensitivity, broader parameter ranges and wider chaos range, which helps to enhance the security of chaotic sequences. Based on the excellent performance of TWMCML, it is applied to the newly proposed encryption algorithm. The algorithm realizes double protection of private images under the premise of ensuring efficiency and safety. First, the important information of the image is extracted by edge detection technology. Then the important area is scrambled by the three-dimensional bit-level coupled XOR method. Finally, the global image is more fully confused by the dynamic index diffusion formula. The simulation experiment verified the effectiveness of the algorithm for grayscale and color images. Security tests show that the application of TWMCML makes the encryption algorithm have a better ability to overcome conventional attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automatic clustering and dimension reduction are two of the most intriguing topics in the field of clustering. Affinity propagation (AP) is a representative graph-based clustering algorithm in unsupervised learning. However, extracting features from high-dimensional data and providing satisfactory clustering results is a serious challenge for the AP algorithm. Besides, the clustering performance of the AP algorithm is sensitive to preference. In this paper, an improved affinity propagation based on optimization of preference (APBOP) is proposed for automatic clustering on high-dimensional data. This method is optimized to solve the difficult problem of determining the preference of affinity propagation and the poor clustering effect for non-convex data distribution. First, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding is introduced to reduce the dimensionality of the original data to solve the redundancy problem caused by excessively high dimensionality. Second, an improved hybrid equilibrium optimizer based on the crisscross strategy (HEOC) is proposed to optimize preference selection. HEOC introduces the crisscross strategy to enhance local search and convergence efficiency. The benchmark function experiments indicate that the HEOC algorithm has better accuracy and convergence rate than other swarm intelligence algorithms. Simulation experiments on high-dimensional and real-world datasets show that APBOP has better effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various learning problems can be represented as certain canonical forms of orthogonal matrix nearness problems under the unitarily invariant norm. Since varying unitarily invariant norms favor different structured learning of input data, it is crucial to construct a unified scheme to learn encouraging distributions via any unitarily invariant norm. In this paper, we find that the orthogonal matrix nearness problem can be generalized to a common architecture of the unitarily invariant norm minimization, thus further exploit iterative and closed-form solutions. Firstly, we start with several special circumstances of orthogonal matrix nearness problems, where the unitarily invariant norm resorts to Frobenius norm. Secondly, a general scheme for orthogonal matrix nearness problems under any unitarily invariant norm is addressed and the corresponding iterative algorithm is proposed. Thirdly, feature representation problems are formulated as certain forms of orthogonal matrix nearness, indicating a joint framework for learning low-dimensional features with closed-form solutions. Finally, comprehensive experiments on real-world data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method against compared state-of-the-art feature representation approaches. In particular, the proposed method gains about 15% improvements of clustering accuracy on BASEHOCK, CNAE and RCV1 data sets than benchmarks, and achieves at least 3% improvements on other data sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Explainable framework for meta-learning. • Efficiency and high causality. • Intervention and counterfactual. With the growing convergence of artificial intelligence and daily life scenarios, the application scenarios for intelligent decision methods are becoming increasingly complex. The development of various machine learning algorithms has benefited all disciplines of study, but choosing which algorithm is most suitable for a certain problem among a large number of algorithms is a challenge that every field must overcome. Another challenge at the practical application level is that machine learning algorithms currently trained with large amounts of data are primarily black-box and uninterpretable. This indicates that these methods pose potential risks and are difficult to rely on, thus hindering their application in sensitive fields such as finance and healthcare. The first challenge can be overcome by using meta-learning to combine data and prior knowledge to efficiently and automatically select the machine learning models. The second challenge remains to be addressed due to the lack of interpretability of traditional meta-learning techniques and deficiencies in transparency and fairness. Achieving the interpretability of meta-learning in autonomous algorithm selection for classification is crucial to balance the need for high accuracy and transparency of machine learning models in practical application scenarios. This paper proposes EFFECT , an interpretable meta-learning framework that can explain the recommendation results of meta-learning algorithm selection and provide a more complete and accurate explanation of the recommendation algorithm's performance on specific datasets combined with business scenarios. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the validity and correctness of this framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of differential evolution (DE) significantly depends on the settings of mutation strategies and control parameters. Inappropriate settings may cause an imbalance between exploration and exploitation of the algorithm, thus resulting in two extremes: premature convergence and failure to converge. In this paper, we propose a Differential Evolution using Leader-Adjoint populations (LADE), which simultaneously integrates four mutation strategies to meet the needs of exploration and exploitation at different evolutionary stages. In LADE, the population in each generation is divided into leader population and adjoint population by using a leader-adjoint model. The leader population adopts two mutation strategies with strong exploration ability to maintain the diversity and avoid premature convergence, while the adjoint population uses the other two mutation strategies with strong exploitation ability to promote convergence and avoid stagnation. In addition, the interaction and collaboration between both populations are achieved through the sharing between their individuals, thus achieving a good trade-off between exploration and exploitation. The performance of LADE is evaluated on single-objective benchmark problems of the 2017 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE CEC2017). Experimental results indicate that LADE shows competitive convergence performance, and outperforms various state-of-the-art DE variants and two well-known metaheuristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]