The 2019 WACEM and academic college of emergency experts india position paper on developing the academic department of space medicine in India - The time has come! The Prime Minister of India in August 2019 announced that India will send astronauts into the space by 2022 in its indigenous spacecraft "Gaganyaan" and also that India will have its own Space Station by 2030.[[1]],[[2]] Ever since Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) built its first satellite Aryabhatta in 1975, ISRO has come a long way and has successfully sent Chandrayaan-1 and Mangalyaan to the Lunar and Mars orbits, respectively. Success of India's human mission in the space depends heavily on a legitimate SM research powered by an Academic Department of SM. [Extracted from the article]
Abstract: The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) recognizes the importance of the current space debris scenario, and the impact it has on the effective utilization of space technology for the improvement in the quality of life on the Earth. ISRO is committed to effective management of the threats due to space debris. Towards this commitment ISRO works on different aspects of space debris, including the debris mitigation measures. This paper highlights the activities and achievements in the implementation of the mitigation measures. ISRO successfully designed and developed a propellant venting system for implementation in the existing upper stage of India''s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), which uses Earth-storable liquid propellants. GSLV also employs passivation of the Cryogenic Upper Stage at the end of its useful mission. ISRO''s communication satellites in GSO are designed with adequate propellant margins for re-orbiting at the end of their useful life to a higher graveyard orbit. A typical successful operation in connection with INSAT-2C is described. ISRO developed its debris environmental models and software to predict the close approach of any of the debris to the functional satellites. The software are regularly used for the debris risk management of the orbiting spacecraft and launch vehicles. ISRO recognizes the role of international cooperation in the debris mitigation measures and actively contributes to the efforts of the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) and United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]