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The paper presents comparison between the associations of British and American voluntary associations. The development of postwar research on the structure and functioning of voluntary associations has been uneven, and there have been marked differences between British and American research in this field. This paper offers a narrow definition of voluntary associations. It defines voluntary associations as groups in which membership is in no sense obligatory, which have a formal constitution, but which do not have paid officials at the local level. The next section of this paper places the subsequent analysis in context by pointing briefly to the very substantial similarities between research in Great Britain and the U.S. The third section discusses differences in the research environments of the two countries, and suggests their relevance to the main problem. The fourth section assesses the differences in research orientations between the two countries, as it has influenced the study of voluntary associations. The final section considers the effect of these differences upon the functional analyses that have been made.

Presents a reply to the commentary of John W. Pawling regarding the author's paper "Early Perception of a High Plain in Michigan." Summary of the main points of the paper; Examination of the reviewer's comments; Contentions on Pawling's claims.

The article presents the program for the annual meeting of the Phycological Society of America at the Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. The meeting will be held from June 16-22, 1974. The chairman of the program is Norma J. Lang. A field trip is scheduled on June 15, 1974. Researchers Dean W. Blinn and Gerald W. Prescott will lead the field trip. All sessions of the program at which contributed papers are presented are joint sessions of the Phycological Society of America and the Phycological Section of the Botanical Society of America.

The article presents a reply to David I. Blumenstock for his comments on the author's article, "Regional Differences in the World Atmospheric Circulation," which was published in the March 1953, issue of "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." According to him Blumenstock's remarks correctly note some of the weak points of the paper. They deserve attention and discussion. For example, some of the percentage figures which are indicative rather than conclusive, were obtained through counting the air mass frequencies as shown on the Northern Hemisphere Surface Maps issued by the U.S. Weather Bureau for the years 1919, 20, 21, 24, 25, 35. 36, 37, 38, and 1939.

The article reports on the National Conference on the Blind Pre-school Child, which being sponsored by the American Foundation for the Blind on March 13 to 15, 1947 at the Russell Sage Foundation hall in the U.S. It provides information on the number of participants attending the conference from various states and foreign countries including Canada, Brazil, and South Africa. The conference received research papers, which being arranged by Berthold Lowenfeld, director of education for the foundation.

Comments on the paper "Early Perception of a High Plain in Michigan," by Bernard C. Peters that was previously published in the 1972 issue of "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." Inappropriateness of the paper's title; Ambiguity of the topic under discussion; Failure of Peters to document the reality of the interior plateau.