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[Display omitted] • Pyramidal lattice structures (PLS) with I-shaped struts were 3D printed via DLP. • The utilization of I-shaped struts led to an increase in energy absorption of up to 68%. • Lateral buckling of the lattice struts was observed in the tailored PLS. • The measurements and observed collapse modes were in good agreement with FE predictions. • Specific cross-sectional designs can achieve enhancements in strength of up to 93%. This study examines the compressive response of geometrically tailored pyramidal lattice structures composed of struts with I-shaped cross-sections. Geometrically tailored pyramidal lattices with micro-scale features are 3D printed using the Digital Light Processing (DLP) technique, and their effective elastic modulus, collapse strength and energy absorption capacity are experimentally evaluated under quasi-static compressive loading. Furthermore, detailed non-linear finite element (FE) calculations are performed to examine underlying collapse mechanisms and explore the vast design space offered by the proposed geometrical tailoring scheme. Both the experimental and numerical results show that the geometrically tailored lattice structures outperform conventional pyramidal lattices of equal weight in terms of elastic modulus (+24 %), collapse strength (+21 %) and energy absorption (+68 %). Notably, these strength improvements are attributed to lateral buckling that prompts the I-shaped struts to bend sideways during collapse. Specific cross-sectional designs demonstrate remarkable enhancements in strength and energy absorption, reaching up to 93 % and 161 %, respectively, differentiating them significantly from conventional designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of their many advantages, such as simplicity of handling, affordability, and environmental friendliness, green magnetic nanoparticles (GMNPs) are currently receiving more attention than prevailing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The synthesis and application of GMNPs inspired by biological systems are encouraged by rising ecological consciousness and stringent environmental restrictions and also deal with in detail in this manuscript. The current report presents the biological and environmental uses of GMNPs in-depth. Numerous biomedical applications, including imaging and diagnosis, cancer therapy, immunoassay, genetic engineering, and supported enzymes (proteins and peptides), among others, successfully use GMNPs. The GMNPs would be coupled with tiny sensors, microsystems, and microfluidics modules to boost the signal sensitivity for the identification of environmental contaminants, diseases, poisons, drugs, and trace biomarkers from clinical, environmental, and dietary examples. The GMNPs were essential elements in gene delivery and gene therapy initiatives, among other genetic engineering endeavors. They have also been extensively used for environmental applications such as wastewater treatment, organic pollutants decontamination, electrochemical sensing, industrial and radioactive wastes treatment, pollutant adsorption and removal etc. The use of GMNPs, particularly biosynthesized MNPs, is also believed to be more cost-effective than the majority of regularly used traditional MNPs. In addition, Green magnetic nanoparticles applied as supported enzymes, proteins and peptides catalyst, positron emission tomography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, theranostics, thermo-chemotherapy, electrochemical immunoassay and efficient detection of coronavirus is a significant issue in modern analytical chemistry and other fields. The opportunities of using GMNPs in the place of traditional MNPs have also been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Quaternary ammonium copolymers having different hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity are tested as casing and tubing corrosion inhibitors. • Polymeric surfactants with higher hydrophobicity showed better protection potential than surfactants with higher hydrophilicity. • They become effective by adsorbing on the metal surface using their hydrophilic segments, and their adsorption follows Langmuir isotherm. • Polymeric surfactants retards both anodic and cathodic reactions and mainly behave as cathodic-type inhibitors. • DFT study suggests that quaternary nitrogens deprotonate and coordinate with the metallic surface using their unshared electron pairs. In this study, two quaternary ammonium-based copolymers (DAC-DAD10 and DAC-DAD20) with varying hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity are synthesized, characterized, and their capacity to suppress P110 carbon steel (P110 CS) corrosion in 3.5% NaCl is examined. DAC-DAD10 and DAC-DAD20 were synthesized using diallylammonium chloride (DAC) and N1, N1-diallyl-N6-dodecyl-N6, N6-dimethylhexane-1,6-diaminium dichloride (DAD) and their inhibition potential (%IE) and mechanism were studied by different experimental and computational methods. The outcomes suggest that the %IE of DAC-DAD10 and DAC-DAD20 increases on increasing the hydrophobicity as DAC-DAD20, having a large hydrophobic alky chain, showed relatively better %IE than DAC-DAD10. DAC-DAD10 and DAC-DAD20 manifest the best %IE of 88.68% and 96.17%, respectively, at concentrations as low as 3 mgL-1. Potentiodynamic polarization studies indicate that they behave as cathodic-type inhibitors. Their adsorption on the metallic surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Various surface analyses, including SEM-EDS, and XPS, confirm that they adsorb at the metal and electrolyte interface and build a corrosion protective layer. DFT study suggests that quaternary nitrogen atoms easily deprotonate and coordinate with the metallic surface using their unshared electron pairs. The corrosion inhibition based on experimental and computational analyses is schematically presented and described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Porous bone plates with cubic (C), diamond (BCC) and body-centered cubic (CBCC) structures were prepared. • Axial compression, torsional and bending tests were carried out to check the designs' reliability. • CBCC structure with enhanced performance was used with varying rows' and porosities. • Finite element analysis was used to check the biomechanical performance of bone plates. • Increased porosity enhanced the callus volume but displayed poor mechanical performance. The current study investigates the biomechanical performance of porous bone plates augmented with three different cellular lattice structures, e.g., body-centered cube (BCC), simple cube (SC), and the superposition of simple and body-centered cube (SC-BCC) structures. The SC-BCC cellular structures, exhibiting improved torsional, compression, and bending stiffness, were strategically integrated into the bone plates. Configurations ranging from one to three rows, with porosity ranging from 30% to 90%. Increasing the number of rows and porosity maximized the interfragmentary movement at the fracture site. Specifically, SC-BCC configurations with one, two and three rows at 90% porosity demonstrated callus volume improvements of 31.33%, 42%, and 43.2%, respectively, compared with the lowest callus volume observed with SC-BCC at one row and 30% porosity. Regardless of the improved volume, callus stiffness was highest at 30% and 90% porosity levels across all cases, indicating more mature tissue formation in calluses and better physiological load support. High stresses located at 90% porosity, followed by 50% porosity, discouraged their mechanical performance. Therefore, employing 30% porosity configurations with appropriate vertical rows for desired movement is recommended for optimal biomechanical performance. However, 90% porosity may be suitable in scenarios involving minimal forces and restricted patient movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]