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Data‐based improvement of energy consumption and indoor climate in public buildings – Literature study with focus on the success of approaches Reducing the energy consumption of public buildings is particularly important for achieving climate targets because of the exemplary role they play. A comfortable indoor climate and clean indoor air are crucial for the well‐being and health of building users. Rapid developments in sensors as well as in the fields of data analysis and simulation have led to increasing attempts to achieve improvements in energy consumption and indoor climate using data‐based approaches. The momentum has increased so much that it is becoming increasingly difficult to keep track of which approaches are applied in which situations and with what success. This paper presents a literature study that addresses this issue. For the study, 91 peer‐reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2022 were examined. It was found that the importance of indoor climate in data‐based approaches is increasing compared to that of energy consumption, building‐model‐based simulations are used with increasing frequency, articles deal with very specific issues, and an end‐to‐end consideration that also takes building users into account is usually omitted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]