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Modeling and reasoning on domain contexts play a key role for adding intelligence to communication services, and the approach of capability-based requirement engineering ensures the scientificity and accuracy of requirement elicitation. This paper presents a capability-based context ontology modeling approach for command and control, communication, computer, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (C4ISR) communication. Primarily, a capability-based C4ISR communication meta-concept model and a C4ISR communication context meta-ontology are constructed. The context ontology is established under the constraints of the C4ISR communication context meta-ontology, and furthermore, algorithms are proposed to support context reasoning based on description logic. A case study is presented to demonstrate applicability of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]