Search

Although separated by centuries, Hegel and Kuhn support the same ideas concerning worldview change. Both consider such changes real „revolutions”. Through them, the human spirit (in Hegel) and science (in Kuhn) replace their old fundamental concepts with new ones. The paper also highlights the necessary relationship of the Kuhnian paradigm shift with the cultural background of the epoch in which such a shift occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the Romanian literature in the postcommunist period, in the context of cultural memory studies, as developed in the past two decades. Given that the connection between literature and cultural memory is now being widely discussed, I shall focus on the relation between literary fiction and the many-sided process of remembering communism in today's Romania. The first part of the paper briefly presents literature as a medium of cultural memory, following the ideas of Aleida Assmann and Astrid Erll. The second part of the paper deals with the hardships of remembering in a postcommunist society, with a very strenuous relation toward the past, and in its literature. My thesis is that Romanian literature in the years 2000 participates in the construction of a unitary, although not univocal, memory of communism. In the novels of Dan Lungu (I'm an Old Communist Hag!, 2007), Filip Florian (Little Fingers, 2005), Doru Pop (A Socialist Soap Opera, 2013), individual and collective memories are put to trial and, in the process, reveal to the reader how the complicated works of memory are embodied in literary texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper approaches, continuing former investigations over the libri transylvanici fund from Batthyaneum Library, 237 books printed in Sibiu, in the XVIIIth century and the first decades of the XIXth century. They are the result of skill and editorial policy pursued by some typographers, out of whom the following remarked: Martin Hochmeister, Johannes Barth et al. Similarly as in the previous cases, author of the paper argues affiliation of books to certain domains of cultural and political interest: calendars (6 copies); catalogues (15 copies); dictionaries (9 copies); didactic books (25 copies), juridical printings (30 copies), History volumes (47 copies), oratory (13 copies), political works (41 copies), periodicals (7 copies), theology (38 copies) etc. At the same time, more lecture notes or bookplates, evidencing circulation of works before entering the fund of encyclopedic book from Vauban Citadel, are valorised as well as their owners. In fact, there were established some libraries or private collections and institutional ones (Ignatius Batthyani, Johannes Aemilius Buczi, Stephanus Fangh, Michael Fogarassy, Nicolaus Kováts, Antonius Martonfi, Rezidence of Jesu Society from Sibiu and Odorhei etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to study the Hebrew community contribution to sports development in Cluj between the two World Wars, since at that time the city had a large population of jews, who was instrumental in setting up structures recognized sports in their management and obtain results that are part of the treasure athlete of this city. In its introduction, the paper refers to the context in which they first appeared in Europe Hebrew sports organizations and Hebrew community participation in the sporting life of the early twentieth century. Further, the paper refers to changes in the status of Jews in Romania after 1st World War and how they influenced the work of the ethnic Hebrew sports movement in Cluj. Reference is made to the establishment and activity of the Haggibor Sports Club who featured jewish athletes representative for that period, their contribution to the development of sports such as football, table tennis, swimming, gymnastics etc among women. Occupies an important place in the work of the Jews in Cluj sports activity under antisemitic policies and discriminatory measures taken against the Hebrew community in the second half of the `30 and after Hebrew enforcement the Hungarian government as a result of annexation of Northern Transylvania, which, initially led to restriction of rights to participate in sport official that then lead to the dissolution of jewish clubs and sports circles, the destruction of a valuable tradition that was part of the common history of Cluj. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our aim was to study the contribution of the Hebrew community in Oradea to athletic development in our city between 1900 and 1942. Through its content, the work presents an interesting account to those researching the history of sport in Oradea in the period before the Second World War, particularly the role of the Jewish leaders of sports clubs, coaches and athletes in the development of sport in our city. We studied Hebrew ethnic participation in sport development in Oradea. The scientific documentation consisted of the study of the works dealing with the history of sport in Bihor County, researching the press articles published in local newspapers that appeared in the period 1900-1942 and consulting documents in private collections. The paper refers to the context that influenced the Hebrew community involvement and participation in the sporting life of Oradea, its contribution to the establishment of sports clubs and their activity before the First World War. In addition, it presents the role played by Hebrew athletes, coaches and leaders in the implementing of new sports branches. Further, the paper refers to changes in the status of the Jewish community in Romania after the First World War and how it influenced the work of Hebrew ethnics in sport movements in Oradea. Also it studies the sport activity of the Jews in Oradea under anti-Semitic policy and discriminatory measures taken against the Hebrew community and after the enforcement of the Hebrew laws of the Hungarian government as a result of the annexation of northern Transylvania. On account of its role in the establishment of sporting clubs and in the management and the financing of these and subsequently the results in local and national competitions managed by these athletes who were in the minority and, finally, because of the athletes promoted in Romania's national teams, the Hebrew city community made a great contribution to the sport development in Oradea. Anti-Jewish policy, banning the right of the Jews to participate in sports, the dissolution of Hebrew associations or those which did not expel the Jewish members, destroyed a valuable tradition which was on its way to establish and strengthen part of the heritage of Oradea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuing researches on fund of libri transylvanici from Batthyanuem Library, this paper valorises 370 books printed in Cluj, in XVIIIth century. Identified copies are result of craft and cultural-editorial policy carried out some typographers such as Pataki József, Telegdi Pap, Simion Thadaeus Weichenberg et al. There are more printings published by renowned cultural and educational institutions, such as Collegium Reformatum, Lyceum Regium, Societas Jesu Claudiopolitana, bischofliche Schriften etc. Similarly as in previous cases, within the article is debated affiliation of books to different domains of cultural and political interest: catalogues (12 titles); didactic works (60 copies); dictionaries (2 volumes); juridical printings (45 copies), history volumes (76 copies), oratory (6 works), volumes on politics (30 copies), theology (147 copies) etc. At the same time, are examined more handwritten notes and bookplates, which evidence circulation of volumes before entering the fund of encyclopedic book from Alba Iulia, inclusively their owners. From examination also resulted outlining of some libraries or collections, either private or institutional (Bibliotheca Magna Episcopalis; Bibliotheca Baronis de Szala; Bibliotheca Michaelis Fogarassy; Bibliotheca Conventus Háromszekiensis; Bibliotheca Conventus Vajdae Hunyadensis; Bibliotheca Societatis Jesu Cibiniensis; Bibliotheca Societatis Jesu Vásárhelyensis; Bibliotheca Seminarii Incarnatae Sapientiae Albae Carolinensis; Bibliotheca Residentiae Trinitatis Albae Carolinensis etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is the result of several research questions which occurred to me during a short field work in Oaş, intended to rather sketch out a future and more thorough investigation on natural trumpet signals and their specific sounds / messages. What came out is the outline of a prospect approach, in the attempt to formulate possible research methods of interpreting the sound construction of trumpet signals and their function in Oaş Country. Regarding the specific cultural and social context of the region, my approach focuses on the construction of the role of the natural trumpet, both in terms of its finalities and sonorities, as a local musical instrument in Oaş Country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the role of clothes as a cultural code in the novel Manuscrisul fanariot (.Phanariot Manuscript) by Doina Ruşti. The principal individual character, Ioanis Milikopu, evolves in the context of collective character - the Phanariot Bucharest - whose warp is minutely recomposed from his important elements. Beyond the detailed historical documentation, the author recomposes the atmosphere of a town under the Turkish, Greek, and more timidly, Russian-French influence. Alternatively with the Macedo-Romanian tailor's story, is carried out the boyar Doicescu's story, always interested of exotic things, as the tailor came from Thessaloniki is interested in original vestments, created by himself. In the personal history, every important moment of the Balkan odyssey it's marked by garb elements, in the same way as the collective history of the Romanian principalities, of Wallachia in this case, located at the crossing of empires, translate the degree of independence or dependence in relation to the Ottoman Empire. Social positions, ethnicities, the aspiration to overcome the condition, solemn moments - all becomes a strange alphabet of silks, cottons, dreadnought, velvet, mother-of-pearl, precious stones and metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A very important personality of interwar Romania, the architect Emanuel Arnet is almost forgotten today. Documents and inedited correspondence found in the archives of Center for Research on Romanian Jewry, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, bring us the figure of a wonderful man, dedicated to his work, but also a great lover of arts and a close friend of many Romanian artists and writers. Through this paper, we try to sketch the professional portrait of Emanuel Arnet, the architect who designed some of the most beautiful buildings of interwar Bucharest, and also to complete his image with fragments of correspondence, bringing in this way some unknown details about the cultural universe of the '30. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the linguistic phenomenon presented in the current paper, which can be found only sporadically in the translations of the Moldavian metropolitan Dosoftei, Novă adunare de osebite istorii..., and in Viaţa şi petreacerea svinţilor, where numerous placenames can be found, brings arguments that lead to the conclusion that the translation of Hronograf den începutul lumii has not been made by the metropolitan scholar, as it had been previously argued by N.A. Ursu. We have proved, as we have always done throughout the time, that the analyzed structure has been used, as a sort of habit, by one of the secular scholars, who was also a polyglot. In our opinion, the translator is Nicolae Milescu Spătarul. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the role and importance of historical researcher. The historical researcher is presented in the double role: subject researcher and object researched topic. A history is the result of historical researcher. There is no history without historical researcher. Therefore, any history is involved, the historical researcher is not impartial. Consequently, historical researcher is involved in the story. Hence he has a responsibility to control his passions. The truth of history depends of the quality, seriousness, competence of the historical researcher. The historical researcher will enter in story as the protagonist and narrator of facts that he investigates. The historical researcher seeks to obtain autonomy, the right to issue a personal speech, according to his vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Symbol of national identity, Mihai Eminescu is, for sure, one of the most important writers and thinkers in Romanian literature. His biography has been the subject of endless fights, while his ideas have generated a large number of different opinions concerning his political, economic or cultural choices. For all these reasons it is almost impossible today to deal with his work in an objective manner. I have tried myself to construe his journalism by placing it into the very context that generated it, but, as expected, my intention was not well understood. Recently, in an article dedicated to Eminescu's contributions to the philosophy of law, Stefan Munteanu rejected the possibility of any utopia in Eminescu's thinking, denying the evidence and refusing to understand that the term can be interpreted in a double manner: as discourse and, at the same time, as political action. That is why this paper aims at (re)discussing this controversial topic, having as a starting point this distinction between discourse and political action. Such an approach turns out useful since it proves that Eminescu was aware of what utopia means. He is, in fact, an anti-modernist and not a utopian thinker. His economic or cultural ideas prove his outstanding thinking which could not be accepted as political solutions since Romania chose a different way, the French revolutionary system and not the German one. That is why, my conclusion goes like that: Eminescu's thinking is rather anti-modernist in theory, but utopian in practice. However it is extremely important because it worked as a possible option for a young state as Romania in search of discourses to legitimate its identity in Europe. In other words, we may accept that Eminescu's thinking is a necessary utopia that forged our national identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last half of the 20th century brings up a pessimistic note for the utopian studies, born out of the delusions of history. Improving the world on a global scale (by means of neo-liberalism and globalism, which influenced the utopian literature) becomes a tireless obsession of the utopian dreams. The role of imagination within this context is an unrewarding one: it refuses reality, incapable of solving the problems of mankind, but at the same time, it cannot detach from reality, being inspired by it in the process of imagining parallel worlds. This complex phenomenon is approached in this paper. However, maintaining the imaginary perspective, the study describes the evolution and distortion of a characteristic usually assigned to utopia - the illusive desire to organize and "structure" mankind, a wish whose legitimacy and impact upon the individual (at present as well as in antiquity) represents an endless opportunity of characterizing the human being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on experiences from 2012 to present, as a lecturer in Romanian language, culture and civilization at Beijing Foreign Studies University, the author traces the history of the Romanian language Lectureship in China. He sketches the ancient and current profile of Romanian Department, the factors that determined the evolution of Romanian language study in China, encouraging aspects, but also the challenges that inevitably occur. In addition to the positive outlook of Romanian Section's evolution, the interest and good training of the Chinese teachers, appropriate equipment with technical means, beautiful and efficient work atmosphere, the author also refers to shortcomings, especially to the insufficient and outdated books found in Romanian, despite the efforts of staff Department to edit the practical courses, dictionaries and other teaching aids, highly useful and necessary. Missing are current linguistic studies and other academic papers, required especially for students in their final years, as the documentary sources for license and master's theses. The direct experience of the author is complemented by reflections, testimonies and information received from departmental colleagues, especially because some of them have directly experienced these changes as students, and several years later, as teachers. The author highlights the specific conditions existing at the Beijing Foreign Studies University, the specific approaches, which clearly distinguish the Romanian learning methodology as a foreign language by the modern languages teaching strategy in Romania or in other parts of the world. The differences are caused by the short time in which the students must form their linguistic competence. Because students starts from level zero, it is necessary to shift focus from the theoretical approaches to the communicative-pragmatic and functional aspect and sometimes consequently their miss integrative skills on Romanian culture and civilization, in the synchronic and diachronic perspective. The author, a Romanian lecturer and native speaker, is considered an important resource, trying to fill by the various strategies, the lack of direct contact with the socio-linguistic and cultural Romanian environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This brief research paper is in the same time a study of modern world history, but also that of compared imagology. The researched theme can be regarded as an unprecedented one because the study presents the image of a West European country reflected in the main Transylvanian newspaper from the modern period, "Gazeta de Transilvania". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This brief research paper is in the same time a study of modern world history, but also that of compared imagology. The researched theme can be regarded as an unprecedented one because the study presents the image of a West European country reflected in the main Transylvanian newspaper from the modern period, "Gazeta de Transilvania". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our paper presents the state of art of our research project, code PN-II-RUTE- 2011-3-0170, supported by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, whose aim is to recover an ancient lexicographical work, and to put it to circulation by means of computerization. It's about the Lexicon of Buda (1825), a masterwork of the Enlightenment age movement of Transylvanian School, which fully aligns the Romanian lexicography, by means of the tools it puts to use, to the dictionary tradition of Europe. Putting the content of lexicon in digital form aims to multiple goals, such as: (a) to promote the cultural and linguistic inherited background, (b) to be an available platform to a large public, (c) to offer a search-available corpus to the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper presents the evolution of health institutions in the Bihor County (except Oradea) over the years, since the appearance of the first health related establishments and until the Great Union. Up to the middle of the 19th century, the first elements of health and even medical-pharmaceutical services began to take shape in the anti-epidemiological battle, and these elements were extended during the following period, as a necessity imposed by the development of society. The demographic evolution, the accelerated administrative and legislative progress in the entire Habsburg Empire prompted health authorities to pay more attention to the establishment of new institutions, beside other measures meant to protect the population's health. After 1867 the dualist Austro-Hungarian Monarchy maintained the previous economical and sanitary policy, which generated progress in health services. The most important law passed during this period and which remained effective until 1918, is the Health Law of 1876, which governed all health related activities, from central authorities to local ones, the doctors' training and activity, the organization and running of hospitals, as well as the treatment of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we aim at presenting the way in which the Iassian linguist G Ivănescu divided the history of the Romanian language, as well as the socialcriteria which lay at the basis of this division. We limit our presentation to the development of the spoken Romanian language, from its origin until the 16th century, and disregard its written version, since the latter, according to the Iassian researcher, is influenced by other factors and it, therefore, needs to be separated from the evolution of the spoken dialects. We also attempt to highlight the causalist perspective that characterises Ivănescu's vision upon the diachronic linguistic phenomenon, that is, the cause-effect relation between various extra-linguistic factors and the evolution of the Romanian language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper sets out to investigate several works of geography by authors such as William Cunningham, Abraham Ortelius, Gerard Mercator, Thomas Hill, Peter Heylyn, Periegetes Dionysius and Antonio de Torquemada, at the beginning of the 17th century. I wish to explore the moral scope of this overarching discipline and the cartographic metaphor underlying early modern works of geography and their impact on travel writing in Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memories from the history of Romanian Society of Stomatology (1940-1943): Romanian Society of Stomatology is the most important society with scientifical and professional profile in Romania. All the great personalities of contemporary romanian stomatology had expressed trough Romanian Society of Stomatology. That is why, in this paper we suggested to tackle a very important, but also very interesting period (1940-1943) from the existence of Romanian Society of Stomatology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is focused on some of J. L. Borges' short stories as starting points for historiographical metafiction. The article also analyses the influence of Borges' work on novels written by Salman Rushdie as well as Borges' influence on Romanian postmodernism and upon authors like Ştefan Agopian and Mircea Cărtărescu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oradea was one of the first cities in our country where the game of soccer was practiced. The paper proposes to address the main points related to the beginnings of football in Oradea, starting from the context of the evolution of football in Europe and its introduction into Romania. The study is based on the research of documents from the National Archives of Romania, Bihor County, mainly articles in the local press. The first record of the game of football in the local press is from the Nagyvárad newspaper on April the 27th 1902, describing the main rules of the game and a brief history of this sport discipline. In other editions of the same newspaper - April 27, May 25, 29 and 1st of June 1902 - a number of items that promote this new sport discipline and offer readers information appear on the preparation for the official presentation of football to the public in Oradea. In the 129th edition, in the XXXIII year, 3 June 1902, a report of the first football game in our city were described, an event which took place in Rhedy Park on Sunday, 2 June 1902. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]