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In the general context of multilingualism and multiculturalism that characterize today's society, the analysis of the languages in contact is a topic of interest for the studies of contemporary contrastive linguistics. The present paper aims at describing the complex phenomenon concerning the present multiethnic and multicultural society, namely the linguistic consequences of immigration, with particular reference to Romanian immigration to Italy. Although limited to sketching some linguistic features of a small sociolinguistic segment, the proposed case study will emphasize the linguistic behaviour of the Romanian or Bessarabian students who attend the lectures of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures and Modern Cultures of the University of Turin. The present research proposes to observe how their mother tongue is preserved (taking into account that most of the time, these students belong to the second generation of Romanian immigrants who come to Italy) and in which cases the influence of the Italian language (second language for these subjects) over the Romanian language (L1) is manifested ) or vice versa. This paper aims, in particular, to observe the influences exerted by the Italian language (L2) on the mother tongue (LM) of the mentioned subjects, the main objective of the study being to highlight at what levels of the linguistic system the interference between the two languages is manifested, in order to highlight the dynamics of the Romanian language written and spoken by these Romanian native speakers students, members of the Romanian community in Turin, one of the most numerous communities of foreign residents in Italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we will present the linguistic perspective about learning foreign languages, and will be structured in two parts: the first part will explain the distinction made by E. Coşeriu between two important aspects of languages, and the second part will approach the linguistic theories in teaching foreign languages. In teaching the Romanian language as a foreign language, it is important to take account, firstly, of the distinction between the sistem and normă by Eugeniu Coşeriu. This is an essential element for understanding and exemplifying the learning/teaching process of Romania as a foreign language. The language has multiple possibilities to form plural, for example, but the grammar only accepts one of those possibilities. The confusions between the right form and the wrong one are explained by this distinction made by E. Coşeriu. In the second part of this article, we will discuss the theories offered by Coşeriu in teaching languages that are directed towards a teaching using a language that both student and teacher speak, avoiding the direct method. We will discuss E. Cassirer's theory, because both theoretical visions develop and capitalizes in different ways the Humboldt's understanding of language as creative activity, not just an instrument that humans use to communicate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-translation is the derivative of an equation combining the bilingual writing, the act of translation and literature. The architect of this creative activity is not just a mediator between the original text and the translated one but a writer, then a reader of his own work, a writer again and finally a reader of translation, which gives to a new original. This paper is focused on self-translation as a product of synergetic bilingualism. Connected with some mental processes, this type of bilingualism is meant to ensure the accuracy and speed of execution of auctorial translation, which is an inexhaustible source of creation, seen through the mirror of identity search. The author analyses the phenomenon under discussion from the perspective of the Theory of Sense and adapts the well-known interpretive triangle to self-translation. He also proposes a classification of the selftranslators according to the bilingualism they practice: bilingualism transmitted within the family by nativity; bilingualism acquired by education, bilingualism as a consequence of colonization, bilingualism as a result of voluntary or forced migration (exile), etc. This study has led the author to define the synergetic bilingualism as a mixed form of perfect mastery of two languages, the result of the coexistence of languages and cultures was attributed to a single individual that is the self-translator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]