Search

This paper considers key issues relating to the development and importance of protecting library collections that have the status of cultural property and represents a review of basic terms and divisions. The paper tries to answer the following questions: What is cultural property and what is cultural heritage? What cultural property exists? What cultural heritage exists? How cultural properties are divided on the basis of cultural significance? Which library collection can be a cultural property? Which laws regulate cultural properties and library collections as cultural assets? Who, where, and how preserve library collections as cultural assets? Who and how declares library collections as cultural property? What is the Register of Cultural Property and how to keep it? What represents the Electronic Register? Within the definition of terminology, based on the new law, attention will be paid to a new interpretation of the term cultural heritage in relation to cultural property. Also, this paper offers relevant data on the current state of affairs related to the protection of this type of material in Serbia, and show the number of declared cultural property by category. The topic of this paper arose from the need to inform as many library experts and librarians as possible about the importance of protecting this type of material because this is the base for development in this field. The paper presents the current challenges and plans for further activities in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the specific legal nature of cultural goods and, from that aspect, the specific and numerous restrictions on property rights. As a special kind of object, which have special quality, functions and purpose in society, cultural goods are the object of a special property law arrangement. Such, especially property related regulation, in the case of cultural goods, is the result of the coexistence of individual (“private”) and public (social) interest in preserving cultural heritage as a general good of society. Restrictions on property rights on immovable cultural heritage, represent a specific concretization of the social attachment of property rights. As the main source of cultural property rights in the Republic of Serbia, the Law on Cultural Heritage, passed more than a quarter of a century ago, regulates the area of property rights on cultural goods incompletely and imprecisely, even in conflict with later regulations, the Constitution and the Law on Public Property. Numerous provisions on the rights and obligations of the owners of immovable cultural property are incomplete and imprecise and guarantees of property rights are insufficient. The paper also raises the issue of cultural property rights and property restrictions on immovable cultural heritage, which are at the same time worship temples, whose owners and users are churches and religious organizations (res sacrae). It is necessary to adjust the property restrictions of the owners of these immovable cultural heritage, to the specific needs of churches and religious organizations, as well as to further limit the possibility of encroachment on the right of ownership by public authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many years, rare publications stored in libraries and other institutions, kept in warehouses and closed metal cabinets, could have been used only in special reading rooms. Today, in the digital environment, they are described and can be searched in electronic library catalogs and browsed in digital libraries. They have never before been available to such a large circle of users. The paper points out the possibilities of presenting rarities in electronic databases, and especially their interconnection. The digitization of rarities does not mean only the transfer of data into new formats but also implies a high-quality new interactive research approach. There are some examples from the Matica Srpska Library – its electronic catalog, Digital MSL, and its inputs in the Digital Register of Cultural Property. During the cataloging of rarities, in addition to the description, great attention is paid to the copies. This paper lists the types and order of the data entered as notes on the copies during the electronic cataloging of old books in the Matica Srpska Library. The possibility of connecting the electronic catalog with digital collections is also emphasized. The Digital MSL provides access to the cultural heritage possessed by the Matica Srpska Library for scientific researchers and the general public. In this database, digital publications are linked to the electronic catalog and descriptions in the printed catalogs of rare materials. All printed materials and manuscripts that have the status of cultural property in the Republic of Serbia are recorded in the Digital Register of Old and Rare Library Materials. The database provides a possibility of connecting the entered cultural property with the description in the electronic catalog and digital copy and thus combines numerous data on protected specimens in one place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the research on the legacy collection of academician Dragutin Anastasijević, which is stored in the library of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology of the University of Belgrade. After a short biography of the legator, the paper highlights the less known facts about the largest, but also one of the most important legacy collections of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology, which contains material of outstanding scientific potential with a large number of publications important for the development of Byzantine studies and the study of Serbian history. In addition, a number of titles were presented which, according to the Criteria for the Evaluation and Categorization of Old and Rare Library Materials of the Law on Old and Rare Library Materials, belong to the category of old and rare books. They are not only a significant cultural heritage, but an extremely rare and valuable scientific material, both within our country and in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every state of emergency endangers libraries as institutions for the protection of cultural heritage, old and rare library materials, and other library funds categorized as materials of special importance. Risk management caused by floods, fires, earthquakes, landslides, and other natural disasters, pandemics, wars, and other emergencies caused by human activities, in terms of preventive action and development of plans for protection and rehabilitation of cultural heritage from disasters, has not yet been implemented in regular procedures in public libraries. The existing legal framework provides an optimal level of protection, but implementation is partial. The resources of public libraries are not sufficient to provide a quality level of protection of cultural heritage, primarily because library experts are not involved in the protection system. Disaster risk management in the field of cultural heritage requires the introduction of binding procedures, regular education, improvement of relations, and a stronger connection of all participants in the protection system while providing financial support. Due to all the above, this paper describes the legislative framework in the Republic of Serbia, and then the experience of the Valjevo library during the floods in 2014, in order to better observe the position of cultural institutions and the importance of further engagement in the area of risk prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

we research of the old printed books in Novi Pazar has a special and multiple signi}cance and represents an important part of the local cultural heritage. we paper presents books kept in the library of the Sopoćani Monastery, printed in the period from 1745 to 1836. we following religious books have been subjected to analysis: Psaltir from 1745, Molitvoslov from 1771, Irmologija from 1778, Službe posebnim svetima from 1785, Mesecoslov za celu godinu from 1810, Služabnik from 1836, Opšti minej from 1862, and Psaltir from 1894. Judging by the content, these are liturgical books and belong to the collection of the old printed books. wis paper aims to present them to the public and in this way provide new possibilities for researching the cultural heritage of the Novi Pazar region. we research of this material is very signi}cant, and we hope that it will awaken interest among a wider public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines international and supranational rules on good faith in the context o f restitution o f culturalproperty. Deviations from the general rules on goodfaith with regard to the goodfaith acquisition and adverse possession have been indicated. Instead o f insuring acquisition o f ownership in conjunction with otherpreconditions, goodfaith only entitles an acquirer o f the stolen or illegally exported cultural object to a fair compensation. The goodfaith presumption was abandoned and the burden o f proof was imposed on the possessor o f the cultural object. At the same time the criteria upon which the goodfaith ought to be evaluated had been tightened. Concerning gratuitous legal transactions, good faith o f a transferee depends on good faith o f a transferor. For that reason, a transferee will be prevented from claiming a fair compensation if it would not have been awarded to his transferor. Ultimately, the paper explores in which legal sources and in what manner certain EUMember States have implemented goodfaith stipulations enshrined in Directive 2014/60/EU. Based on that, the paper suggests possibilities o f harmonising law o f the Republic o f Serbia with the outlined supranational rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a project implemented by the Museum and the Public Library in Zrenjanin, in order to overcome the problem of insufficient interest of young people in the homeland cultural heritage. The problem of insufficient openness of cultural institutions in communication with new generations was also noticed, which the participants in the project tried to solve by using storytelling learning techniques and by including various interactive, workshop elements. Using modern technologies, the workshops leaders tried to make the local heritage more understandable and attractive to the youth, as well as to encourage the children of primary school age to independently interpret the contents offered by the Library and the Museum. The work presents theoretical considerations on storytelling techniques and cooperation among heritage institutions, in order to give an answer as to why the model of work used in the workshops was chosen. Significant results of the project I Am Telling You a History were highlighted, which, in the author's opinion, consist in encouraging children to come to the Library and the Museum more often and more relaxed, in developing their interest in local history, and inspiring them to further explore local cultural heritage. Besides, better cooperation between these two cultural institutions has been established. The results after the two cycles of storytelling workshops in the museum can be seen through the data on how much has been done for the local community itself. Based on the great interest of schools to participate in the workshops and the reaction of participants, it can be concluded that the project was successful. An important conclusion is that successfully implemented projects that treat cultural heritage must be part of an enduring, well-designed and concrete national strategy. Individual projects can be very good, and achieve extremely good results, but if there is no continuity of quality, there are no lasting effects for the benefit of the local community. The aim of the text is to make it easier for interested professionals to work on the implementation of similar projects, given that we have not had them so far, at least according to the information available to the author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the many-faced crisis in the Orthodox Church in Serbia, visible in almost all aspects of its contemporary existence. Among the examples are those that point to the existence of the crisis of criteria, the crisis of consistency, the crisis of the sacred, the crisis of indiscriminate interpretation of history and its heritage, the crisis of "feeling for others", and the crisis of the sense of "the spirit of the times" and "the spirit of place". The paper also features the possible reasons why the professional community, primarily in the field of sociology, psychology, and (art) history, did not adequately deal with the aforementioned issues, with the view that this endeavour requires deep elaboration, as well as courage and objectivity, including the willingness to interpret all sides of history, ancient and modern, regardless of whether it is (predominantly) "light" or "dark". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, learning to sing with the accompaniment of the gusle is reconsidered within the concept of the preservation of traditional folk music as an intangible cultural heritage, that is, as a specific form of music education. Having dealt with a traditional way of providing continuity in the practice of guslars` (i. e. gusle players) - which is learning by observing and imitating more experienced family members or guslars from nearby surrounding - some crucial moments in the history of singing with the accompaniment of the gusle, which also influenced the process of transmitting this skill, are demonstrated. In recent times, singing with the accompaniment of the gusle has been mastered not only within family circles but also in associations of guslars, at private schools of music, and lately there has also been an opportunity to learn this skill at some state schools of music. Accordingly, interviews with the members of an Association of guslars association that is particularly distinguished by the fostering young guslars, and interviews with gusle teachers and pupils who attend schools of music were used as primary sources for this paper, together with the specific experience of the author as a president of the jury in a young guslars' competition. Since the poetic content of the songs is primarily learnt from printed collections or audio recordings, future guslars in fact master the musical skills of playing and singing along the instrument, that is, the skill of the vocal interpretation of a chosen written poetic text. Concerning these, some programmes and methods are discussed, as well as their effects on young guslars' competence, principally from the point of style and aesthetics. Attention is particularly drawn to flaws in the teaching concept of future gusle players at state schools of music. In conclusion, the necessity of applying ethnomusicological findings to activities concerning the preservation of an intangible cultural heritage, in other words, the necessity of including teams of professionals in reforming the educational system and national cultural policy is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a brief historical overview of the principal characteristics of the cultural policy of France from the medieval to the present time, as well as the cultural identity of modern-day France and its principal characteristics: multi-cultural environment and multilingualism, and the belonging to both the European and the francophone culture. Even though the objectives of cultural policy were different in different periods and sometimes even seemed opposed, for more than two centuries now, a couple of objectives have been established as fundamental: awareness that cultural heritage should be protected and that, at the same time, the contemporary artists need well-organized financial and other support at the national level; and awareness that there are numerous distinct national cultures that deserve their place and reputation in modern society and that all those cultures (including the French culture) are a part of the broader European, even broader francophone, and the broadest world culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]