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Objective/Context: In this research we analyze the change in heterosexual masculinities in Argentina and Mexico during the second half of the twentieth century with a special focus on working class men who, while playing the insertive role in sex with maricas, jotas and gays, still considered themselves and were perceived by their peers to be straight. The evidence shows that, although sex between maricas and young heterosexual men occurred frequently, it was not stigmatized by straight peers, nor did it erode the perceived heterosexuality of these young men in any way. Methodology: In order to explore the representation of sexual activities from the point of view of those involved we conducted in-depth interviews and used a wide range of historical evidence, such as autobiographical literature, ethnographies, and judicial records, materials that have not previously been analyzed together. In addition to discussing self-representations, this paper also analyzes the ways in which scholars and activists from the time period perceived sex between men and the associated identitites. Originality: This paper rests on a comparative approach that helps to reconstruct regional historic and social processes in the midterm. This is the first paper that studies the problem from these straight young men's point of view, based on a novel and diverse corpus. Conclusions: In opposition to the prevailing analysis, this paper develops a counter-intuitive hypothesis: given that sex between men did not deprive heterosexual men of their identity and, instead, it constituted a way of reaffirming their masculinity, these sexual activities between men cannot be categorized as homosexual. On the contrary, the very performance of same-sex sexuality served to shape heterosexuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration has been approached from a predominantly spatial focus that has largely neglected its temporal dimension, although the reference to the future has been recognized as an expressive factor of the phenomenon itself. Approaches in anthropology that focus on the temporality of migration have recently warned that, in contemporary global circumstances, migration projects, particularly those of irregular migrants, seem to be marked by waiting and by the temporary suspension of their resolution. Such studies tend to emphasize the migrants' experience of time, subjected to a chronopolitics conditioned by the bureaucratic management of migration. In this paper, based on an ethnographic approach developed between 2012 and 2019 in Otomí-Hñahñu indigenous communities in the Mezquital Valley, in central Mexico, I follow anthropological concerns about the temporality of migration and waiting. However, I propose an alternative path to the one that has been developed in recent literature on the subject. At the same time, I explore the multiple ways in which the uncertain time of migration is managed among the communities of origin. I propose that these migrants co-participate in the migration project and its temporalities, by engaging in concrete practices to manage absence and waiting times. The Mezquital Valley communities, which have experienced intense migration to the United States since the end of the last century, are currently communities in waiting. A wait that, although marked by the chronopolitics of migration, does not cease to identify its promise for the future and temporarily steer migratory projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In certain post-colonial societies, the metaphor of the successful recipe was and continues to be used politically when it comes to defining national culture, often represented in the form of a pot or kettle, where indigenous ingredients and knowledge are combined, effortlessly and without mediation, with other products and techniques from afar. The result is a product that is superior to any of its parts. This article questions the principles of symmetry, continuity and purity that characterize the culinary stories of the mestizo and multicultural nation, and shows how the presence of certain historical and social actors has been made invisible within the great cauldron. Based on field observations and analysis of historical sources and audiovisual productions, we present two case studies that take place in different periods, in Mexico and Peru. This journey from the 16th century to the present day shows how both nation-states have managed social and cultural differences within their territories throughout their history, using the concepts of mestizaje and multiculturalism as catalysts for control and domination. The stories of mestizo cuisine propose a false symmetry between cultural elements of social groups that were always far from being so. By proclaiming a supposedly balanced, reflexive and consensual fusion of cultures, they erase the historical complexity of culinary cultures, as well as the past and present expressions of colonialism. This paper constitutes a contribution to the studies concerning the nation from the perspective of food cultures. It reveals the conflicts of exclusion, power and hierarchy that run through the discourses on national cuisines, and some keys to interpreting the political agenda of the mestizo nation: neoliberal multiculturalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper seeks to identify the demographic trends, especially mobility, of the growth of small towns in a southeastern Mexico region. The urbanization processes observed are characterized by the limited resources available, not only in term of services but also in regards to employment or provision of housing. However, the four urbanization patterns observed in this paper play a bridging role between two chapters in migration stories and between productive rural area and urban employment market. It is in this way, by settlement far from the center, at the edge of small rural towns that families look for a compromise between the declining family farming and rural economies and the difficulty in accessing urban resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper denotes the heterogeneity of the most mentioned variables that explain the phenomenon of the informality in the Metropolitan Areas of Mexico. Across the Module of Socioeconomic Conditions 2016 micro data analysis and binary Logit models is observed that the most common variables to explain the informality influence in a different way every metropolitan area of the country. Analyzing the informality for metropolitan areas will allow to understand better its reasons, which will help to design public state and federal policies to attack the problematics in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explains why, two years before the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century, urban dwellers living in poverty in Mexico and Cuernavaca continue having the informal land market as the fundamental route of access to the housing in a period in which mortgage credit has had the greatest expansion in history. Informal employment and wages below 2.6 times the minimum wage are identified as causes of their exclusion from market supply, while federal subsidy programs for informal workers have a low impact and do not affect land prices. The crisis of 2009 meant the stagnation of an apparent advance of the formal on the informal urbanization. For the case study, the association between poverty and economic and urban informality is verified, while data from an applied survey provide details about the characteristics of the inhabitants, their satisfaction at becoming homeowners, progressivity in the housing construction, their level of access to micro-financing for housing improvements and personal expenses, and of their residential mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of a deep research regarding the sense, practices, use, perception and public intervention in public space in Cuernavaca, Morelos, México, theoretical reflections were issued answering the call of papers of the 2nd Seminar of the red Lationamericana sobre Teoría Urbana in relation to the concept of public space and the function it has within the city. A criticism is made considering public space as a tool for the construction of citizenship and control of exclusion as fundamental parts of the questioning done to the called 'right to the city'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This papers aims to provide a socio-legal account of the impact of Monterrey’s legal regulation on migrants and human rights in the lives of thousands of migrants in an irregular situation coming from Central American. On the one hand, the Law on Migration was analyzed from the perspective of the human rights constitutional reform of 2011. On the other hand, a qualitative research was done, finding evidence of the inefficacy of the new law. It is argued that the attainment of the new law objectives’ requires a change in the anti-migrant institutional legal culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agglomeration of cultural / creative industries and specialized retail stores in urban districts marked by a rapid urban transformation process has been identified as "Creative Districts". It has been assumed that these districts are economic clusters in the sense of being an economic system formed by specialized companies and their corresponding labor market. From our point of view these districts are only a visible part of a larger economic cluster operating at the metropolitan scale which includes many different areas, enterprises and jobs. In this paper we discuss the conceptual and methodological problems of bringing the concept of economic cluster or industrial district to the intra-urban geographic scale. In order to confront the idea of 'creative districts' as functional economic areas separable from the rest of the metropolitan economy, we apply the methods commonly used in urban studies on creative industries to identify possible creative districts within Mexico City. The identified districts are contrasted in their economic structures to determine if there are indications that indeed they are differentiable and functional economic clusters from the rest of the metropolitan area. We conclude by arguing that the data found sustain the existence of a single metropolitan economic cluster and no small clusters in urban districts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a sociological interpretation about the way that space, collective identity and memory embody in the neighborhood La Fama, south of México City. Diverse ethnographic techniques were applied -as in-depth interviews, participant observation, mental maps, tours in the neighborhood with locals-. As we will see, the collective identity of the locals, has a close relationship with several vital places, which in turn are triggers of the intersubjective memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intention of this paper is to analyze the social debt contracted by women in southeastern Ciudad Juarez (Mexico), within the theoretical framework of feminist economic anthropology based on ethnographic data collected there during 2012 at a Nutrition Club where Herbalife is served. Affections, prestige and honor all circulate as women care for themselves, as material, symbolic, emotional and corporal exchanges take place, thus initiating specific forms of sociality and new relationships. Gifts, as a system of reciprocities, generate and sustain bonds of trust; debt itself can become ambivalent, like the femininity of these women, which is questioned and reconstructed amid oppressive contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the legal consequences of committing a crime is sentenced to repair the damage; this paper focuses on reparation for moral damages in the case of sexual offenses committed against children and adolescents. The main objective is to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of aspects comprising the measure, but particularly, establish state obligations as guarantor of reparation that is properly applied in attention to its purposes. The methodology includes an interpretive case study analysis of doctrinal, legal and diverse sources of information instruments, whose union justify the argument employed. In conclusion it is stated that the State must ensure that reparation for moral damages in the cases mentioned, is applied correctly in favor of the direct victims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]