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The neo-developmentalist thesis basically rests upon a process of endogenous socioeconomic transformation, driven by public policy. To achieve this result, three joint strategies are required: i) promote a national project; ii) build an industrial policy, and iii) solidify a national innovation system. This article introduces the case of Ecuador as an example to illustrate the topic. Starting in 2007, signs of neo-developmentalist features have gradually begun to appear in the current administration's policies. Through a theoretical and empirical approach, this paper demonstrates that the country has consistently sought to bring about socioeconomic metamorphosis towards neo-developmentalism; however, since 2014, these attempts have taken place under increasingly complex conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]