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This paper aims to analyze the application of the transparency laws of Brazil and Spain in a comparative perspective, seeking to know what mechanisms housed in these websites facilitate the access of the citizens to the information and to check, at the same time, the degree of application of transparency laws. Therefore, the type of research chosen is descriptive with a comparative approach, and as a procedure used usability tests on the institutional transparency sites of Brazil and Spain. In these tests, were evaluated criteria such as technical usability, information, communication and services. We also used the bibliographic, with the documentary research method with the intention of provoking a reflection about the object studied. From the preliminary analysis of the basic bibliographies during this paper, it could be observed that there is a relationship between transparency and citizenship, and understanding this phenomenon is important to understand if the tools that facilitate transparency are capable of influencing the practices of good governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade there have been several debates about the relevance of online news comments. While some question the hate speech that is verified in these spaces, others highlight the possibility of exchanging opinions. This paper proposes a methodological tool to measure the quality of online news comments, using a sample of 300 comments on highly visible websites in Portugal (Público; Sapo), Spain (El País; 20 Minutos) and Brazil (UOL; Folha S. Paulo). The results determine that commentators tend to use a little personal argumentation (82.3%), although relevant to the discussion in question (60.3%), with few grammatical errors (14.7%) or aggressive interventions (31.7%). Following the Online Comment Policy Evaluation Model (Known in Spanish as MPONC), it is concluded that websites with quality comment moderation systems attract more relevant and timely interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper carries out a comparative study between the legal questions that surrogate pregnancy raises in Spain and in Brazil. Surrogate motherhood is a reality achieved thanks to the advances in biomedicine and that undoubtedly requires a response from legal science. In the world scene, this technique receives different legal treatments: some countries authorize it without restrictions, others prohibit it, in others it is allowed with restrictions and in others there is a legislative vacuum. The importance of studying the two systems, the Spanish and the Brazilian, lies in confronting totally different realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the engagement of community communication initiatives and their constitutive organizations in the regulatory process of di-gitization at different countries like Brazil and Spain. It is a comparative case study between these two countries, their differences and similarities of their political and cultural aspects that need to be highlighted: they're at different moments of the transition to the digitalization of TV transmission; they have different structure and involvement from constituted organizations of community communication initiatives and have different and complex governments in regard to the proximity of community communication questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the inter-linguistic and intercultural comparability of subjective wellbeing during adolescence, as well as school satisfaction as a component of this well-being, using samples of 12 to 16-year-old from Brazil (n=1588), Chile (n=843) and Spain (n=2900). As subjective well-being indicators, two versions of the PWI (Cummins, Eckersley, van Pallant, Vugt, and Misajon, 2003) were adopted, one measuring well-being with different life domains, a single-item scale on overall life satisfaction (OLS). The six items on satisfaction with different facets of the school life, used by Casas et al. (2013), were included as subjective indicators of school satisfaction. The original version of the PWI (PWI7) and a longer version with 10 items (PWI10) are used. Both versions show a good fit in Confirmatory Factor Analysis using the pooled sample. Using multiple regressions analysis and Structural Equations Modelling (SEM), different options are considered and analyzed in order to estimate the most appropriate model to compare subjective wellbeing cross-countries, with school satisfaction included. An analysis of the results indicates that two multi-group SEM, which include the six items on satisfaction with different facets of school life related to a latent variable, and also related to latent variables PWI7 and PWI10, respectively, show good comparability between countries. Multiple regression analysis suggests that the most useful synthetic indicator on satisfaction with school life is satisfaction with your life as student. When this item is included in PWI7 or PWI10, internal consistency of each of the scales (PWI8 and PWI11) improves, and the respective multi-group SEM of these two psychometric scales show that variances, covariances and regressions are comparable between the three studied countries. This was not the case with the overall mean indices, which is probably due to the different answering styles of adolescents in each country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we investigate the relationship between youth prolongation in Brazilian and Spanish youngsters and the identity construction processes of these individuals. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 50 young men and women aged 25 to 29 years, half of them from Madrid/Spain and the other half from Fortaleza/Brazil. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, the speeches were organized with the Atlas-ti program through a semantic content analysis. We assume that the postponement of the thresholds of transition to adulthood leads to new experiences, discourses and meanings of "being young", creating a new ideal-typical model of "prolonged youth" and turning it into a possibility of identification for a significant group of young people. In Spain, the youth prolongation is a much more pronounced and evident phenomenon than in Brazil. However, the movement towards a youth prolongation, especially concerning the "feeling younger for longer" is also a trend among young Brazilians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management of the information via databases is one of the big innovations since the arrival of the computer science and telecommunications to the journalism. In this paper, we present the results of a project which studies ways of managing information and memory in four representative cases of media in Spain and Brazil. This research uses content analysis, observation and interviews as methodological tools and shows the importance of a correct management and recovery of the data at every stage of the journalistic process: documentation, production, recovery, circulation and consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]