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The paper aims at connecting the leisure activities of the working classes during the Weimar period in Germany with the emergence of totalitarian ideology. I focus on S. Kracauer's and H. Arendt's main essays on urban life and the formation of the mob. The central purpose of the paper is to contribute to the recognition of the mechanisms by which a population resigns unconscious, but voluntarily, to its political potential, so that it becomes a blind material for the totalitarian legislator. Among the policy instruments which disarm the political potential of workers in large European cities during the interwar years, I tackle the torpor of consciousness, the emotional discharge of the crowd and the fragmentation of subject's activities. I claim to confront and bring near, also from a methodological point of view, Arendt's reading of the oblivion and decay of the political condition of man to Critical Theory's tenets, which S. Kracauer is closer to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the ideology of the National Socialist Movement (MNS) and its leader, referring to Nazism, with regard to anti-Judaism. Compared to the decisive and explicit Nazi judeophobia, the Chilean Movement, although inspired by the first, developed a less intense, volatile and poorly mobilizing anti-Jewish public discourse. The paper is organized in two parts: the first review the extreme and mobilizing nature of Nazi anti-Semitism, from their accommodations and fluctuations; the second and more extensive, outlines the Chilean case, considering the Chilean nationalist tradition, the family and ideological background of the "Leader", the characteristics of MNS and its relations with Nazism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A decision conflict is present when a person wants and, simultaneously, not wants to follow an action course. This paper describes firstly the double decision conflict on the physicist Werner Heisenberg: Conflict regarding decisions of going into exile or to remain in the Nazi Germany, and with regard to the degree of scientific collaboration with the Nazi regime to create an atomic bomb. Secondly, discusses the fact that on the summer of 1945 while Oppenheimer was celebrated by his success in coordinating the Manhattan project, which made possible the atomic destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Heisenberg was in detention for his scientific collaboration with the Nazi regime even when the collaboration was parsimonious and limited. Finally, the Author discusses the ethical and practical problem of the relation between science and power: when scientists forced to serve power are judged lately according to victories and defeats of such power that personally are not imputed to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

German literature written abroad is still an unsolved problem in Germanistic studies. This is justified, on the one hand, by the complexity it represents as an object of study and, on the other hand, by Germany's peculiar historical situation due to its role during World War II. Even if by the late 70's this phenomenon was studied in German academic spheres, it is still difficult for Germanistic studies to view the object in its specificity and to get rid of undervaluing judgments, which consider German literature written abroad with the same parameters as those for literature written in German-speaking territories. This paper aims at showing from which perspectives it is possible to research literature in German written abroad, considering the specific case of German immigrants in Argentina, and taking into account some contributions of Epistemology that complement and enrich Germanistic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]