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The shore line is the limit that separates the public water domain from the property of individuals, the criterion for its delimitation is stated by law, both in Argentina and in other countries of the world. But its practical analysis remains a matter of current discussion. In this paper, a geomorphological interpretation of the established criterion is proposed as well as a methodology for its delimitation. To achieve this, different international, national, provincial and papers on shore line works were analyzed, which allowed to establish a criterion adjusted to the natural form of the channel and to cartographically define the shore line by using products of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). If the waterfront is delimited on the basis of natural facts, its indubitable mark on the ground will be close to what actually belongs to the public water domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the mechanization of agriculture in the rural regions of the Rio de la Plata during the First Globalization (1880-1916). Uruguay and Argentina developed an important growth and diversification of their agricultural production during this period. This growth accompanied the great livestock dynamism that both economies had achieved since the first decades of the 19th century. We analyze the process by dispensing national approaches. A geo-referenced database is constructed at a micro-regional level to identify the location of the main agricultural production areas and to trace their evolution throughout the period. A clustering analysis is also carried out to explore the spatial heterogeneity that characterized the River Plate agriculture and provide elements for its interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problems linked to the training trajectories of those who enter the university are not limited to social issues, personal history or the mere transition between levels, but have strong institutional conditioning factors. This paper questions the devices that national universities have designed to regulate access to the level. The objective is to present a mapping of these devices in the national universities in Argentina built from a comparative perspective. A survey of institutional regulations was carried out, as well as information available on the official website of the institutions. After the construction of a systematized data matrix, trends are identified from a cross-sectional reading of the constructed map. There is a high presence of regulatory devices for admission in national universities, with variable characteristics regarding their mode of organization, curricular components, duration and planned evaluation methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is an exploratory review about teaching practices at Argentinean public universities published between 2010 and 2019. The sample was constituted by 20 papers. The methodology was qualitative based on content analysis in three axes: work methodology, teaching practices description and characterization of the public university. The results showed a predominance of qualitative methodology, in particular of narrative approach. The aim of studies was teaching practices themselves in most of the papers, followed by directly related issues and, finally, in a few papers teaching practices were part of the aim of the study. Almost all of the papers collected data on public universities, but only a small number included the analysis of the university context in their studies. The results are discussed based on the particularities of university education in the local context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara was the most relevant organisation of the nationalist right in the 1960s in Argentina. Its members defended radical nationalism and developed an anti-leftist and anti-Semitic repertoire of action. In addition, they formed a hybrid ideological corpus, which fused local elements with others from Europe. Interwar fascisms were fundamental in this process. In this paper, I address the appropriations of Falangism made by the Tacuara activism. In general, the existing studies about Tacuara recognize the centrality of Falangism, corporatism and the notions of 'National Syndicalist State' and 'hispanidad'. However, the appropriations they made of these elements and the way in which they were re-signified in the light of local contexts have not yet been tackled. To shed light on the circulation of ideas between Argentina and Spain, I adopt a transnational perspective. I use as sources various Tacuara and Guardia Restauradora Nacionalista bulletins, reports produced by the intelligence services of the province of Buenos Aires, and oral history interviews conducted with former activists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper results from the intersection of two research projects devoted to teacher education processes at a University in Argentina. It wonders about the role of unpaid teaching assistants, specifically in the English Teaching Education Program, in order to explore the value that pre-service teachers recognize in those experiences. Framed under qualitative research and influenced by narrative inquiry, the methodological design includes two recursive steps with focus groups, document analysis, and autoethnographic records. This study uses the resulting polyphony to produce contents that not only narrate the virtues of inhabiting intermediate spaces but also point in the direction of mentorship and guided practice as fruitful instances in the construction of the teacher self in these contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the social reproduction strategies of a horticulturist family from Bolivia in the Santa Rosa-Toay metropolitan area. A particular territoriality is present in a context where obstacles, opportunities, global processes and local singularities coexist for the development of this productive and domestic unit that seeks to obtain capital (conceptually classified by Pierre Bourdieu as economic, cultural, social and symbolic). At the same time, the social practices analyzed have characteristics of family farming and demonstrate their potential to contribute to the achievement of food sovereignty. Likewise, the peri-urban area selected in the center of Argentina, an edge space subjected to significant transformations caused by the capitalist system, also has its correlation in the adopted strategies. In this way, the spacetime aspect includes the Santa Rosa-Toay metropolitan area, between the years 2002 and 2022. The qualitative methodology is chosen for its interpretative nature of the complex social world. In addition, dialogues are established between various theoretical contributions, what is observed and information from in-depth interviews, cartography, news, documentaries and data from governmental agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Argentina, after the 2001 crisis, there was high economic growth, which resulted, among other improvements, in a significant decrease in the proportion of poor households in the 2001-2010 intercensal period - measured by the indicator of unsatisfied basic needs (UBN). The aim of this paper is to analyze the incidence of UBN on different types of households - using the variable "household types", composed of thirteen household types - as well as the changes in the relative share of each household type during the sharp decline in UBN between the 2001 and 2010 census years. To account for spatial inequality in the concentration of households and poverty in the territory, the variables are disaggregated at the provincial level and by districts/departments/communes. The results obtained show the importance of considering changes in the composition of household types in the analysis of the incidence of poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of natural resources in the highland region of Jujuy province, Argentina, is highly represented in various activities and practices. In this context, plant species have great relevance and roles in vernacular architectures and evidence a whole cultural conception, ways of connecting with the environment and exploitation logics. This paper aims at reflecting upon public policies related to the conservation of plant species in the Quebrada and Jujuy Puna. To achieve this, the role of plants in local constructive culture was characterized and state policies that have regulated these resources over time were reviewed. The ethnobotany classic methodology was used, with an intensive field work and ethnographic approach. Results show that the articulation of local and state criteria are the two necessary elements to guarantee the conservation of natural resources and the continuity of practices associated with them. It is necessary to reformulate the current regulations, which are restrictive and marginalizing of local traditions, and issue new regulations that control sustainable use respecting and promoting the traditional practices that characterize the region, in particular those related to the constructive culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The community-based modality is consolidating as a way of organizing tourism in rural areas, although its conceptualization and implementation is diverse. The State has a relevant role in the promotion, planning and extension of tour-ism in a territory. For this reason, we are interested in analyzing how the notions of community tourism are constructed -and regulated- from public policies based on regulatory frameworks. Thus, this paper analyzes the course of the institutionalization of community tourism in Argentina based on its existing national and provincial legislation. As a result, we observe a diversity of ways to define rural tourism and the participation of communities based on what is meant by rural tourism and which sectors of the communities are involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy transition process is reflected in the transformation of landscapes. The progressive incorporation of increasingly more modern energy technologies opens debates in European countries related to their landscape integration and the social perception. In Argentina, the energy landscapes have not been relevant enough as to be a subject of analysis in the academic field. Based on the lack of antecedents, this exploratory paper aims at considering the landscape as a geographical analysis category about the past and present use of wind energy. The objective is to study the patrimonial worthiness and the socio-environmental challenges, as the result of the transformation of the landscapes, by the materialization of the energy transition. To achieve this, it applies a qualitative methodology and different space-time analysis scales. The work reconstructs the heritage legacy of the wind from old low-power facilities for milling, water pumping and electricity production that are revalued by society. It also makes a preliminary analysis of the emerging wind landscapes after the start-up of large wind farms in certain regions of the country. The new landscapes created by the installation of wind turbines produce very diverse reactions in communities, ranging from acceptance to social rejection, including neutrality or indifference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper that I share arises as a result of the doctoral thesis "Teacher training in the face of digital culture. The convenient, the desirable, the possible" (2009-2014). The central thesis that supported it was to connect the voice of experts in the field of Educational Technology and teacher training, in the context of Argentine public educational policies. I write this in complex times; times of pandemic, of anguish, sadness and uncertainties. I took the impulse to share it in the face of this context that has made many changes in our daily lives. In parallel, demands, requirements and needs arose before them. I add a passionate voice to the conversation whose hashtag (#) is teacher training in times of change and uncertainties to make hear a series of conceptual constructions building in practices that allow conversation, dialogue, reflection, rethinking the trade and teacher training in our country in times of digital culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies and characterizes a corporate network based on Argentinian-Spanish business (Catalan mainly) that was built around a dozen companies all located in Buenos Aires, in the first half of 20th century. Studying the board of directors of the company Providencia Compañía Argentina de Seguros, it finds meeting points in which different groups are involved and it analyzes what corporate strategies they applied. It also determines whether any political compromise was acquired by the members of the network, both in Spain and Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban spaces in Latin America and the Caribbean have become strategic centers of experimentation of city models that allow for the reproduction of capital. This paper reflects on the link between neoliberal urbanism and urban restructuring, focusing on the role the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) plays in the planning of intermediate cities in the region. For this purpose, we take as case studies the programs "Initiative of Emerging and Sustainable Cities" (ICES) and "Development of Metropolitan Areas of the Interior" (DAMI), both implemented in the last decade (2011-2021) in the Metropolitan Area of Mendoza (AMM), Argentina. We analyze the central role played by the UNICIPIO-IDB alliance in metropolitan management, focusing on the axes of citizen security and interventions of urban transformation in central areas. The work carried out shows the key role played by the IDB in progressively determining the urban agenda and implementing neoliberal urban models, through its technical advice and the financing of certain urban programs, under the discourse of sustainability. A qualitative methodological design was carried out, focusing on case analysis. We used secondary sources, including official documents prepared by the IDB, the provincial government, UNICIPIO and the Municipality of Mendoza, as well as journalistic articles and sectorial magazines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the texts of two travelers who refer to the native women who inhabited the Buenos Aires campaign and the Patagonian north during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries: Guillermo Cox and Félix de Azara. We consider that their representations are influenced by the ideas of domesticity and morality in force in that period and provide us a distorted image, which we understand constitutes a type of symbolic violence. Both indigenous and "Chinese" women are relegated to domestic spaces which, although they are part of their daily environment, are presented as places where they can not only perform much of their tasks but also play important roles in the life maintenance, enjoying, in many cases, interference in the ownership and administration of property. In general, the evolutionary ideas in force at that time placed these societies in the less advanced stages of human progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public green spaces (PGS) on the shores of the Limay River in Neuquen Metropolitan Area (AMN, for its acronym in Spanish) can represent tools for water management. For the design of such instruments, it is important to know the local dynamics of hydrometeorological threats. The aim of this paper is to analyze, from a historical perspective based on the digital written press, the occurrence of events related to hydrometeorological threats in the AMN and, most precisely, around the PGS located on the coast of the Limay River for the period 1999-2020. 131 journalistic articles were surveyed and the information collected was validated through hydrometeorological databases. The methodology classifies events according to origin and nature, as well as characterizing them according to their physical characteristics; consequent damages in urban, periurban and rural areas; actors from different jurisdictions and adopted actions. Before and during the events soft measures prevailed while hard measures prevailed after them. Specifically, the consequences in EVP result in hindrances for its exploitation by users. Historical records provide initial, useful and comprehensive information for the analysis of the incidence of water processes in cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I will focus on the making of interviews as a work strategy. I do not propose, then, to reflect in the abstract, but based on the historical research I produced from the interviews. I will attend the representative dimension of the concept of citizenship. I will expose the lessons learned in the process of constructing my research problem about how women became political citizens in Argentina between 40's and 50's. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the academic field has been improved by numerous contributions related to the concept and measurement of population well-being. Among such improvements, the concept of living conditions has played a central role. In this paper we observe the associations between living conditions and relate this concept to the notion of health contexts based on an eco-epidemiological model. For this purpose, a methodological proposal was developed and applied to the Argentine population, identifying areas of improvement, worsening and persistence of living conditions between 2001 and 2010. Finally, the proposal was validated with a classic indicator of poverty measurement and the course of living conditions was analyzed in the most critical jurisdictions of the territory through the use of an infant mortality indicator that operates on the concept of "poverty diseases". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Right-winged Argentine nationalism underwent a series of transformations in the mid 20th Century. These changes were registered in the biographies of many Nationalist intellectuals. Thus, the aim of this paper is to examine the case study of Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo. The work of this well-known nationalist intellectual covers over seventy years and influenced many generations of nationalist militants. In analysing his discourse on democracy and political leadership, this paper tracks the long-term changing process of his political and ideological discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades, transformations in the rural sector set out challenges to think the current dynamics that underlies it; among other things, related to the production model that has been defined, to the processes that different stakeholders directly related to the activity have gone through, and to the socio-economic dynamics linked to the rural sector that unfold and their impact on local spaces. This paper reflects on what has happened in rural Argentina, particularly in the Pampas Region, in relation to these problems. The paper starts by considering some transformation processes that have taken place in the rural sector at a global level to analyse, then, the dominant trends of the rural sector in the Pampas region that allow us to affirm that a new model of agricultural development has been introduced. On the basis of various antecedents, the paper will then present a conceptual proposal to address the problem of the territorial dynamics of the rural actors, the economic aspects and their incidence on local spaces. This dynamics has not been studied specifically from this perspective, and emphasizes the economic-productive elements implied in the constructions, deconstructions and reconstructions of territories, resorting to the notion of capital circulation of the rural actors which constitutes a relevant point to understand the processes that emerge today in agricultural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of rural women in the organization and creation of collective participation spaces, not only as a way of earning a living that may improve the living conditions of small family farmers but also as a way of resisting the territorial expulsion and the loss of their socio - cultural identity. To achieve this purpose, the paper analyzes a case study: The Steppe Crafts Market, an example of Supportive and Social Economy, which is located in the Pilcaniyeu Department, province of Rio Negro. The analysis is based on the life-storytelling technique, starting from a thorough interview of one rural craftswoman. The results allow for understanding the way in which women create a working space and a income source that tend to the social reproduction of the household unit, combining production and reproduction and, at the same time, increasing self - esteem, the re-appraisal of their own culture and ancestral knowledge, the motivation for training in the craftsmanship art, in issues related to social and family economy, and in communal participation, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes and discusses the Law Nº 7446 named “Educación Pública de Gestión Comunitaria Bilingüe Intercultural Indígena” (Public Management Community Bilingual Intercultural Indigenous Education) approved in the Chaco province in 2014. Specifically reviews the discussions on the name of these Schools: Gestión Social (Social Management) and Gestión Comunitaria (Community Management). It also analyzes the involvement of the Community Council in the designation of the educational staff. The data used for this paper is: different versions of the Project Law, regional news press between 2010 and 2014, official speeches and some interviews with the people involved in this educational process (Union Educational Leaders and native teachers). This paper concludes thinking on the meanings of interculturality notion observed in the speeches of the social actors involved in Indigenous Education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supported by the evidence found in documents produced by undergraduate and graduate students, the text is focused on representative samples of language practices, autobiography writing, and metacognitive reflections linked with text production from students at the higher education level, analyzed through Carlino (2005), Brito (2010), Natale (2012), Bidiña and Zerillo (2013), Navarro (2013) and others. In general, as an advance conclusion, it can be said that students complain that the intense monotoring carried out by the teaching staff at the beginning of the lerarning process decreases as the course is in progress, but they also show signs of having difficulties in the framing of the enunciator, and their papers manifest scarce rhetorical and pragmatic abilities, in spite of the two decades elapsed since the functional communicative approach for language teaching was officially prescribed in Argentina. Furthermore, students object the lack of common criteria among the teachers regarding the use of academic text formats, and demand institutional agreements or between the faculty members concerning the criteria for the evaluation of papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methodological integration of different values in relation to the ecosystem services (ES) is a methodological challenge to be solved. This paper aims at integrating market and cultural values associated with the ES which can be found in the Mar Chiquito Biosphere reserve in the southeast of the province of Buenos Aires. This methodological approach allowed us to identify and assess the local benefits of the wetland, and to detect that they are equal to the budgetary allocation in social services such as health care, education, and the promotion of tourism of the homonymous municipality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Zanja de Alsina" (Alsina´s trench) (1876-1879) was a milestone in the border dynamics with the autonomous indigenous groups of Pampa and Patagonia. Its establishment was the initial action that led to the transformation of the frontier world into a rural one, integrated with global capitalist dynamics. This trench - 3 m wide x 2 m depth - was conceived and projected from the Ministry of War and Marine Affairs established in Buenos Aires). The trench was planned to have an ideal extension of 600 km but only 400 km were made. In this paper, and from an interdisciplinary approach, we will present the first results of the analyses carried out through satellite images, historical cartography and information provided by an archaeological work in order to locate the aforementioned trench as well as the adjacent military settlements (Machado, Alsina and Alvear - located in the northeastern part of the Pampas). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pork production is positioned as an alternative for livestock farming that generates economic value adds, employment opportunities and social ties in communities of the hinterland regions. However, that activity must face a future scenario of great challenges driven by the macroeconomic and sectoral policies implemented in Argentina, since the end of 2015. The effects of those policies on the national evolution of pork productive and commercial variables are assessed, in this paper, by calculation of the economic output of primary feed production in La Pampa province. This involved the performing of a descriptive and regional investigation, which was instead worked out by modeling of typical production systems, calculation of economic results and comparison of costs and average incomes. In spite of the continuous increase in pork consumption, its upward trend in national production was slowed down. The growing gap between these two variables was covered up by imports, which increased sharply in relative terms. The profit margins for pork producers in La Pampa province were reduced, due to increments in costs that resulted proportionally greater than the observed for their income. This reveals a scenario where the economic result depends on the efficiency of production management, adoption of technologies, advances in associativity as an alternative to scale progress, improvements in the purchasing of supplies and access to new commercial channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Neuquén province, important oilfields, gas and mining sites are located. Although hydrocarbons remain central as part of economic development, nowadays the mining industry became a strong business vector, as it happens in the rest of Argentina. In this respect, the exploitation of the underground resources is an attribution that the State of Neuquén grants to individuals and it has been regulated by laws and administrative provisions, none of which recognizes the right to the previous consultation to the Mapuche communities who live within the exploited territories. The consequence of this situation is an increasing number of conflicts between the communities and the State of Neuquén as province, in different areas of the territory where the extractive activities try to advance. The particular case that is analyzed in this paper refers to a conflict in which a Mapuche community resisted the settlement of a mining corporation of Chinese origin in their territories. Even though the project was finally dismissed in the middle of a legal controversy after a provincial referendum that rejected this development, a whole process of conflicts and disputes between local actors took place. For some of them the project meant "the beginning of a new dignified life with a job" whereas for others the project was synonymous with "invasion, destruction and pollution". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper we present progress of a research project that aims at studying the political-pedagogical project and actions of popular education with youth and adults in the Department of University Extension of the University of Buenos Aires which ran between 1956 and 1966.The Department of University Extension attempted to articulatethe university with the people. The focus of its actions was in the Maciel Island. There, for ten years, they developed educational, health and welfare actions in order to solve the problems of the inhabitants of the island, from a joint effort between the university and the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to study the activities of rural extension conducted between 1973 and 1983 by one of the main Argentinean state agencies: the National Agricultural Technology Institute (INTA). Regarding this period, which starts and ends with a democratic transition, an analysis has been made on the content and perspective of the organization's rural extension agenda in relation to the transformations seen in matters of sectoral policies, socioeconomic changes in the rural area, and in the implementation of repressive mechanisms. There has been an evaluation on the operation of INTA's state bureaucracy throughout its processes of institutional reconfiguration: one in 1973 alongside that year's democratic transition and the other in 1976 in hand with Argentina's last dictatorship. In light of documentary sources and interviews, a review has been drafted on institutional directives, nationwide coordination of agricultural policies, and the experiences of the INTA extension workers, primarily located in the Buenos Aires province. Additionally, we have identified the existence of various practices during the previous years of the last dictatorship involving direct contact with rural populations different from those of a more traditional approach, and its limitations have also been highlighted. Finally, we have analyzed the reorientation of the institution rural extension tasks as it underwent a military intervention between 1976 and 1983. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper examines the policies carried out by Minister of Social Welfare, Francisco Manrique throughout the de facto presidencies of Generals Roberto Levingston (1970-1971) and Alejandro Lanusse (1971-1973). I argue that the social policies and strategies implemented by Manrique aimed at building the consensus needed in view of the government's forthcoming political openness, and at the same time were leaded by his veiled intention of launching his presidential candidacy for the elections that would take place in 1973. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the internal dynamic about the regiments and battalions of the National Guard of Buenos Aires province countryside. We analyse the conformation of the body of officers and the negotiation that commandants started with the inhabitants of the districts assigned to them at the moment of making recruitment registers and designating members of the contingents. We prove that although the National Guard was created from provisions of the National and provincial state, the consolidation and effective operation of the institution in the countryside and the frontier were produced from the activities that commanders developed within the jurisdictions they were in charge of. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper we present progress of a research project that aims at studying the political-pedagogical project and actions of popular education with youth and adults in the Department of University Extension of the University of Buenos Aires which ran between 1956 and 1966.The Department of University Extension attempted to articulatethe university with the people. The focus of its actions was in the Maciel Island. There, for ten years, they developed educational, health and welfare actions in order to solve the problems of the inhabitants of the island, from a joint effort between the university and the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at analyzing and comparing two textbooks designed for the third year of High School as regards the way in which they approach the agricultural border advance in Argentina. Both textbooks express the points of view of academic writers, mainly from the field of Geography but also from other Social Sciences as well. Our purpose is to analyze whether the relationship between the type of knowledge proposed by the curriculum of the province of La Pampa and the proposals introduced by the textbooks through the authors’ perspectives is made evident. Departing from this premise, then, we can introduce the following question: Will it be possible to teach and learn this topic from different perspectives and approaches based on the tenets of Social and Critical Geography, taking into account what the National Law of Education (LEN) prescribes? In reference to the proposed aim it will be of crucial importance to promote a comprehensive approach which might lead to a better understanding of the territorial logic of the social subjects. This will in turn lead to understand the different points of view and the multiple dimensions: economic-productive, political, socio-demographic, cultural and environmental which play different roles in the process of soybean production in Argentina’s rural areas, known in Spanish as “sojización.” [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is not exactly known how many women dared to write literature in Argentina during the second half of the nineteenth century. It is highly probable there were more than those registered in literary histories. While the more progressive intellectuals promoted a type of literature that would contribute to the progress of this young nation, that is, a literature useful and moral to educate both men and women, social prejudice against novels and women writers was renewed. Women who published stand out for having trespassed those barriers, for their deep need to write, to express their opinions and fantasies, and also for wanting to be acknowledged as writers. This paper presents two of the most forgotten ones: Margarita Rufina Ochagavía, author of "An angel and a demon, or The value of a promise" (Un ángel y un demonio, o El valor de un juramento; 1857), and M. Sasor (Mercedes Rosas de Rivera), author of "María de Montiel: a Contemporary Novel" (María de Montiel: Novela contemporánea; 1861) and "Emma or a Proscript's Daughter" (Emma o La hija de un proscripto; 1863), respectively. In particular, this paper examines the idea of novel they have, the readings they have done, the description of Argentine society present in their plots, and the ideological contents defended by both women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is not exactly known how many women dared to write literature in Argentina during the second half of the nineteenth century. It is highly probable there were more than those registered in literary histories. While the more progressive intellectuals promoted a type of literature that would contribute to the progress of this young nation, that is, a literature useful and moral to educate both men and women, social prejudice against novels and women writers was renewed. Women who published stand out for having trespassed those barriers, for their deep need to write, to express their opinions and fantasies, and also for wanting to be acknowledged as writers. This paper presents two of the most forgotten ones: Margarita Rufina Ochagavía, author of "An agel and a demon, or The value of a promise" (Un ángel y un demonio, o El valor de un juramento; 1857), and M. Sasor (Mercedes Rosas de Rivera), author of "María de Montiel: a Contemporary Novel" ( María de Montiel: Novela contemporánea; 1861) and "Emma or a Proscript's Daughter" (Emma o La hija de un proscripto; 1863), respectively. In particular, this paper examines the idea of novel they have, the readings they have done, the description of Argentine society present in their plots, and the ideological contents defended by both women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to share some similarities about what children and young people obtain from work and school. The main protagonists in the research are children and young people who try to cope with two activities: school learning and work. The objective of this paper is two-fold: on the one hand, to make visible child and adolescent work in our region, since there is not a symbolic or social recognition of it, neither from the school sector nor from people in general and, on the other hand, to show that the school/work relation is a complex one: working children have to deal with different situations in order to keep up schooling: absences, late arrivals, tiredness, temporary desertion, promotion failure, lack of time to study and do homework. These students do not get special attention from their families, the state or the school system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the forms of political action of subaltern people in a particular space of peripheral Argentina: Neuquenian municipalities of the first half of the 20th Century. Even when national territories were excluded from the federal political system, the recreation in these spaces of some of the so called creole politics provides an opportunity to explore the complexity of political clientelism in those decades of Argentinian history. Furthermore, this paper pays attention to interactions between local elites and the inferior members of the clientships, observing the ways in which the latter were represented, thus shaping the relationships that both sectors kept between them. Albeit subaltern sectors of territorial Neuquen did not consolidate themselves as an autonomous political actor, it is interesting to call attention over the negotiations they were capable to maintain with local political elites. It is suggested in this paper that clientelistic practices, as the explanations constructed on them did so, contributed to shape some of the features of the Argentinian political culture of that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to share research results. These are about the reconstruction that students do on their previous school experiences and how they contrast them with the changes in their university life. The central problem was linked to the need to know the characteristics of young people who are in fact living at the stage of university. We have as a goal to show some of their psychosocial references in order to identify issues related to the experiences in this new step and their ways of action on the construction of their institutional place. The research was conducted in 2014. It is a mixed methodological approach, because we gave a questionnaire with closed and open questions, but also, we took individual and group interviews. The population consisted of students who were enrolled in their second year of Chemical and Veterinary Sciences at the Catholic University of Córdoba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking into consideration the gap between the explosive growth of enrollment of new students and the small number of graduates, this paper explores the processes of attrition and slowing that increase the distance between theoretical duration and real duration of university courses. Taking as an object of analysis the behavior of students in the University Technical Degree in Cultural Management, -Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Design, UNMDP, we have made a cut on the Cohort 2009 to explore the current dynamics, among the factors that enhance the low rate of graduation, persistence or prolongation of studies and the attrition process of students in the institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oregano is cultivated in semiarid regions with a negative water balance, therefore is necessary to apply irrigation according water needs. The area of 25 de mayo, La Pampa, which is fed by the Río Colorado, has an irrigation system that makes it suitable for this kind of farming. The goal of this paper was characterize productivity of four oregano ecotypes (Criollo, Mendocino, Cordobés and Compacto) in the irrigated area of 25 de Mayo. Dry matterin flowers and leaves of each ecotype was determined. The results showed that there were no significant differences in yield (p=0.05). However, it should be highlighted that important differences could be observed in the field where, Criollo and Cordobés ecotypes had highest productivity. The yield obtained was highest than in traditional areas, such as Mendoza and Córdoba, which makes the region under study a promising option for oregano production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The social, economical and environmental situation of the West of the province of La Pampa has been, during the last decades, a matter of concern for the citizenship and also an area of political and state intervention. The idea of analyzing those decades from a territorial and genre perspective led to a preliminary research on the population living conditions. This paper presents both theoretical and methodological approaches that contribute to identify the power rationale and relations, which are recreated in the institutional actions and intentions regarding the vulnerable population of two settlements in the West of the province. More specifically, the issue focuses on identifying the multiple dimensions constituting the social vulnerability conditions of women living in the Departments of Limay Mahuida, La Pampa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years the province of Salta has strengthened its presence in the Argentine tourist map. This involved, among other things, the increase of tourist offers to enjoy the province of Salta. In this paper, we aim to address tourist diversity in Salta, especially observing how the Calchaquíes Valleys, a traditional destination in the Argentine northwest, is redefined through new attractions and tourist services based on some local distinctive features. This work specifically approaches the way in which the tourist proposal in this area is renewed considering the creation of a rural and touristic organization-the Rural Tourism Network-that offers tourist services under the form of community-based tourism. It also aims at focusing attention on the social and territorial changes that the presence of this new actor, central to the diversification of tourist options in this destination, has introduced into the local scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades there was a boom of studies and debates dedicated to the question of memory. In this context, the "geography of memory" (Foote y Azaryahu, 2007) contributed to analyze the spatial dimensions and explore the relationships between collective memory, places and national identities. The objective of this paper is to explore the role of historical monuments with a nationalistic sense in the town of Puan (Buenos Aires), in the constitution of local identities, in this case linked to the origins of the town under the advance over the "desert". For this, the conflict around the maintenance of the "Plaza de la Patria", a public space dedicated to the commemoration of the "Desert Campaign" where the monument of the Unknown Soldier is located, will be analyzed. The dispute began in 2012 when the Municipal Government and a group of investors announced the construction of a hotel in the proximity of this historical monument. Immediately, a group of neighbors, the so called "Group Plaza de la Patria as it is" began to demonstrate against the hotel's future location, arguing that the place is important to preserve the "heroic" past of the town. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the interpretations of the mobilizations and shaping of Catholic crowds in Argentina during the first half of the twentieth century. First, the text identifies the performative effects of the "classical paradigm" of secularization. Secondly, the article proposes relocating the contributions of the political approach, conceived in the context of the 1980s, in a broader explanatory framework, open to recent contributions of social and cultural history. To this end, the paper proposes a model based on the concept of crowd with the aim of discussing different dimensions of the phenomenon, highlighting its multifaceted nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human resource training and knowledge generation adapted to the operating conditions of the various regional productions in Argentina, occupied the attention of experts from the Department of Agriculture, agrarian entities, political and educational sectors, since the early twentieth century. It did not escape this interest a concern about women and farm home. The aim of this paper is to analyze, in this context, the first decades of the "Ramón Santamarina" Farm School of Tandil, an establishment with a rich institutional history that housed the first school of farm home, soon transformed into a farm school and specialized in dairy industry. The transit to the farm household to the preparation of cheese masters, under productivist orientation of schools in the educational proposal of the Department of Agriculture, the social subjects involved, specialization in dairy and its results, are some of the issues discussed, as part of an educational agrarian project not only as a source of labor associated with specific agricultural industries, but also --and perhaps more than anything-- as irradiators of that kind of teaching towards the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the 19th century, in the context of setting up the new republican order, the humanization of physical punishments was promoted. As part of a cultural climate affected by the individualization of the body, modern educational trends questioned the excessive punishment of children. This paper discusses the reviews of such disciplinary practices in Buenos Aires elementary schools and its countryside, with the aim of reflecting on how this "civilized awareness" process struggled for a punishment economy to design--at the end of the century--a new ethical code of honor and virtue based on self-discipline as the kind of behavior that should be adopted by future citizens of the republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper we analyze the emergence of political-union identities, and its search for new forms of organization, in the final period of the dictatorship called "Revolución Argentina". To do so we reconstruct the different strategies of the new peronist unionism, from 1970 until 1973, by portraying their relations with previous combative experiences, and their opposition to the national CGT led by Rucci, to the dictatorship and to Lanusse's political exit. The empirical work will be analyzed in the frame of the question about the relationship between institutions and political identities, specifically the organizations (unions and unions groupings) with the workers and popular identities, and the dispute over their representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural processes together with human activities represent necessary variables for the changes affecting different environments in coastal areas. The aim of this paper is to identify, through the use of geo-technologies, the environmental processes that affect the natural area in the San Antonio Bay, which includes the cities of San Antonio Oeste, San Antonio Este and Las Grutas. Satellite images (Spot and Landsat 5 and 7) of different tide states, aerial photographs, topographic and nautical charts were processed. All the information obtained was systematized and integrated in a GIS (Geographic Information System). The morphology of the area under study consists of tidal plains and tidal channels, spits, dunes and cliffs. This ecosystem undergoes natural processes such as: eutrophication in the channel of La Marea in San Antonio Oeste, sedimentation of tidal channels in San Antonio Este and in the Villarino peninsula, accretion in coastal areas and sandbanks displacement. Likewise, the urban growth of San Antonio Oeste directly affects the natural environment of the protected area as well as the industrial activities and urban wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze primary education policy during the administration of the self-proclaimed "Liberating Revolution". The few studies that have examined this issue state that the Liberating Revolution government erased the traces that Peronism had left in the education system. Our interest is to review this process. To do this, we analyze the conflicts within the government, the institutional design of education governance and internal organization of schools. We ask whether despite the ideological and political ruptures, it is possible to find elements of continuity with the previous period. Our empirical observation area is the province of Buenos Aires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last decades of the nineteenth-century, new products that were traditionally not considered for export, appeared -wheat, corn, linseed, frozen beef and lamb-. As a result, goods that were sold abroad after the Independence started a declination process. Nevertheless, we must point out to that some of them declined in absolute terms -salt meat, tallow and other cattle products-, while another group diminished it participation relatively in the whole export value -wool and hides-. In this paper, we propose the reconstruction of the trajectory of the dirty wool and different types of hides between 1890 and 1913. For such a purpose, we used a new trade series created by us, based on the correction of the official value. For the first time in the historiography the products are related to the destinies. Besides, as a complement, we work with unpublished diplomatic sources as Serie Diplomática y Consular from the Foreign Relations Ministry Archive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]