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Latin America shows an accelerated urbanization process and a development model that generate and intensify social and environmental problems. Added to these problems are the risks triggered by climate change that affect today's cities. In Argentina, its effects are manifested differentially over the regions, impacting cities and human settlements. In this scenario, this paper proposes to explore the environmental risk faced by Argentinean cities in a context of climate change from two dimensions: threat and resilience. For this, two synthetic indices were built using the Mean Index Coefficient methodology for each dimension and subsequently the results were articulated by defining risk categories. Results were spatially represented using a Geographic Information System. Gran Posadas, Corrientes, and Salta reach the most unfavorable situations following by Gran La Plata, Gran Mendoza, Gran San Juan, Gran Tucumán-Tafí Viejo, and the Buenos Aires counties. The importance of focusing on adaptation measures under the concept of urban resilience is highlighted. New questions arise from this work and invite further research whose results will allow progress towards sustainability and urban resilience by including them in local policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research paper assessed the susceptibility of the terrain before mass movements in the microbasin of the Timbío River - Cauca, using a mixed methodology based on surveys, interviews, structuring of cartographic information and spatial modeling with the bivariate method. The main results of the research indicate that high levels of susceptibility are distributed throughout the microbasin, and for the period between 2012-2018, mass movements were registered that have caused structural and environmental damage. the results obtained in the research constitute a base input to strengthen the planning processes, thus directing the actions of the community and institutions towards local risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper an assessment of the hazard, the vulnerability and the risk associated with shallow landslides in a watershed of the Valle de Aburra is carried out. The TRIGRS model with a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the probability of failure in the watershed using water table depth as the trigger factor is implemented, which allows the assessment of the hazard along with its annual probability of occurrence. Additionally, a quantitative model for physical vulnerability of structures which takes into account landslide intensity and resistance of exposed elements is used. The annual risk is estimated for a house of the study site as the product of the hazard and the damage costs due to the occurrence of the catastrophic event, which considers vulnerability. The methodology used focuses on the shallow landslide occurred on October 26, 2016 on a slope within the study site, which affected the house that is being analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Warnings against addictive products inform the public about potential health and behavioral risks caused by the use and abuse of such products, in order to minimize such risks. This paper analyzes the aspects of information processing, emotional responses, and possible changes of attitude due to variations in two important conditions for such communications: the threat in the message contents and the nature of the issuer. To do so, this paper offers a conceptual review of diverse aspects that affect the efficacy of the warnings, it examines the persuasive role of the threat in the communication and of the issuer of the message and, finally, it discusses the weight of some personal variables that affect information processing. Such arguments give rise to a set of propositions for research on the cognitive process of interiorization that such messages have and on how a person's attitude may be affected. The conceptual basis for this paper is a combination of the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and of the protection motivation theory (PMT). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of three research projects that have allowed to gather evidence of the recurrence of natural hazards and disasters in the state of Colima. Describes the procedure for forming bases chronological data, complications to gather information and input from these tools to observe a broad perspective the most significant events that have affected a society for a long time. And it explains that there is a link between reports of adverse events and cultural relationships that develop over time human groups with nature, which in some cases induces an adaptive process to disasters and is part of what has been called a "culture of disaster". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flood risk management in urban areas settled over floodplains must be supported on quantitative analysis toestimate probable damage of their impact. This will be the basis for authorized institutions in taking measures to reduce the risk. When estimating flood risk in these zones due to river overtopping threat and vulnerability must be quantified as well as probability of occurrence of the phenomena and its damage. Estimations must result from hydrologichydraulic modeling and physical damage determination caused by hydrometeorological events originating floods in basins. At present there is no agreement as to which is the best methodology to be applied. Neither is this paper aimed at selecting the best. It only presents a review and analysis of accumulated experience from the application of several methodologies to concrete case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the obtained results applying two differents methods to identify threat zones in the Area Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá (Antioquia, Colombia). The first method was based in a statistics method called Multiple Regression Analysis and the second one consisted in the Multi Criteria Analysis model to calculate the risk, developed with the IDRISI KILIMANJARO software. Besides the results some limitations are named in the application of both methods and which zones may present more reliable results or more proximate to reality with the application of both methods, specially the developed with the IDRISI KILIMANJARO software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]