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This paper seeks to determine the factors which explain differing levels of innovation in Chile at the regional level. Data used in the study was obtained from the Tenth Inquiry into Innovation in Businesses 2016, published in 2018 by the National Institute of Statistics (INE). Binary logistic regressions (Logit) were developed for each region, identifying the specific explanatory factors which determine the greatest likelihood of innovation among local businesses. The study concludes that the heterogeneities detected call for an adjustment in public policies in accordance with regional dynamics, which should be understood as subnational spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper comparatively analyzes syndromes Not-Invented-Here (NIH) and Not-Shared-Here (NSH) and their relationship with innovation performance (DI) and innovation capacities (CI) in business services and trade. In a cluster analysis methodology identified two groups of companies with similar characteristics: Innovative and Upset; an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also performed to establish meaningful differences in means. As for results, the groups differed in the DI, NIH, NSH variables and only in the CI, construct customer orientation; although, the most important finding indicates that differences in NSH are more significant than in NIH, probably because of the lag in the development of IC Technology Focus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the inclusion of Mexico in the OECD, this research paper attempts to answer the question of technological innovation for increasing the competitiveness of the four largest firms in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico economically and socially based on their size and characteristics. The research was part of a study conducted in the southeast of Mexico and it was sponsored by the FORDECyT. The current model of the OECD (2009-2010) with standards on the appropriation of knowledge, adapted to the direct interview method was used for the analysis.Although the results showed a noticeable backwardness in the four companies analyzed regarding the appropriation of knowledge, they also show ethnic and cultural differences in the Maya peoples living in this region when it comes to social businesses. They adopt complete technological packages and / or globalizing market models. When facing the impossibility of adopting or appropriating socially the knowledge, they are dependent on their workforce or their ancestral patterns of production and exploitation of the main resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Companies face demands of competitiveness like quality, diversification and innovation. Large companies are more prepared to compete, having an innovation culture and creating constant awareness. However, the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face innovation barriers, which limit their capability to compete, and growth. This paper analyzes the relationship between the innovation barriers and the capability to be competitive and grow of SMEs. For this purpose, we took a sample of 152 SMEs in the manufacturing sector of the State of Aguascal¡entes (Mexico) to analyze the performed correlation between those variables, making use of a quantitative study. The results show empirical evidence about the influence of the innovation barriers with competitiveness and growth of the SMEs studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the internationalization of social economy companies generates balanced profit and loss accounts (triple bottom line) and spreads still further a way of doing business which focuses on a socially sustainable production economy, at a great distance from the speculative economy. Previous evidence of the differential and strategic fact of social economy companies and their need to internationalize in order to guarantee their sustainability triggered this investigation. Its aim was to generate knowledge about the international orientation of cooperative companies and worker-owned companies in Andalusia and to link this to their economic results and the outcome of their innovations. Confirming the Uppsala Model through the international orientation status of social economy companies in Andalusia, this paper shows how a series of specific factors, in addition to the relationship with increasing commercial innovation, have an impact on this orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In diverse developing countries, including Peru, it is thought that fomenting trade and commerce will automatically cause foreign corporations and free markets to spontaneously transfer technology. This paper shows this is not true. Technology transfer is a complex issue that requires strategic determination, public policies, intermediary institutions and capacities at the levels of the company and of the individuals involved. This study reviews the literature about technology transfer from the viewpoints of the companies and the government, and analyzes eleven case studies about technology transfer and innovation in Peru. Eight major categories of problems to be confronted in the processes of absorbing and transferring technology were detected: 1) individual capabilities; 2) entrepreneurial capabilities; 3) information, cooperation and coordination failures; 4) external connections; 5) infrastructure; 6) funding; 7) institutions; and 8) the existence of systemic and propagating forces. The government should articulate and make the national technological system coherent and seek to comply with the technology transfer agreements established with multilateral international organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a procedure in order to measuring and assessing the external client's satisfaction in Cuban technology-based enterprises, using a single project approach with an application case in the hydraulic sector. The procedure is carried out in stages that provide essential outcomes to the organization. As a part of the procedure, "quality attributes and dimensions" of the product are identified. Then, the instrument to assess the client´s satisfaction is designed, validated and applied. Finally, an integral index of the external client's satisfaction is defined. Among the main results of this research are the definition and assessment of the quality attributes that define the projects and an integral index that permits to assess the perceived quality of management from the client's perspective, and allows taking corrective measures and planning actions in order to avoid any possible deterioration of this indicator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze in the context of Mexico and its regions, the effect of technological change on the labor market, especially the performance of the employment structure in relation to the demand for skilled and unskilled labor in areas of technology and technological and performance pay and wage inequality in skilled workers in 2000-2009. It uses information from the National Survey of Urban Employment (ENEU) and National Survey of Occupation and Employment (ENOE). The results indicate that during the first decade of this century has been an increase in the demand for skill, but this increased demand is not matched by an increase in the premium to skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main proposal of the paper is to analyze the human resources management practices adopted by some Spanish SMEs in order to promote and develop corporate entrepreneurship. A case study method is used to explore the corporate entrepreneurship activities developed by three SMEs. The main results show the importance of establishing good relationships among companys' members, creating an appropriate working environment. Also, the relevance of promoting risk attitudes and the participation of employees in corporate entrepreneurship activities is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a detailed examination of a successful business model innovation that allowed the Kiluva Group, a dietary products company from Spain, to survive a severe crisis and subsequently become a high-growth company. In spite of operating in a mature market with an undifferentiated product, it outperformed all the competitors and achieved a CAGR in revenues of nearly 40% over 10 years. From a dynamic perspective, we focus on the role of trial-and-error learning that made this business model innovation possible. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper we analyse the impact of the Fifth EU R&D Framework Programme (1998-2002) in the Spanish regions, considering the characteristics of the respective regional systems of innovation. The starting theoretical framework is the interactive pattern of technological change where the interaction among the different phases of innovation processes and between actors involved is emphasized. The important role that firms play in this process is also underlined. This model links with the concept of regional innovation systems. The contextual character of technological innovation is furthermore highlighted as well as its importance for the effectiveness of technology policies that should respond to the necessities defined by the innovation system to which it is directed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]