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Erythema multiforme (EM) also known as polymorph erythema is an acute skin disease of immunological nature with or without mucous membrane involvement, which may behave as chronic recurrent. It presents with distinctive targets like skin lesions, often together with ulcers or bullae in mucous membranes (oral, genital or ocular). Among its clinical forms are: a minor form characterized by a mild skin syndrome and its major form that manifests as a skin disease with marked mucosal damage. Among its main differential diagnoses are Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Lyell Syndrome (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEC)). It has an estimated incidence < 1%, with its major form being slightly more frequent than its minor form (0. 8-6 per million/year). It can occur at any age, presenting a peak incidence at the age between 20 and 30 years, with a slight predominance of males with a 3:2 ratio, without racial predilection. Its presentation in pediatric age is rare, even more so in early childhood. Minor recurrent EM is more common in this population. This paper reports a case of EM in the pediatric population as a rare form of exanthematic presentation, addressed at the Department of Pediatrics of the Complejo Asistencial Victor Rios Ruiz (CAVRR) in the city of Los Angeles, Chile this year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To help the ophthalmologist in the study and update of the exciting area of ocular inflammation and uveitis. Concerning the most recent clinical entities, diagnostic techniques and therapeutic options, we propose a review of the main international journals: Ophthalmology, American Journal of Ophthalmology, Retina, Ocular Immunology and Inflammation and Journal of Ophthalmic Infection and Inflammation. Methods: A descriptive bibliographic review of the papers published in 2017 in the previously mentioned journals. Results: Sorted in the following categories: pediatric uveítis, scleritis, infectious uveítis, non-infectious uveítis, diagnostic and treatment, the main outcomes are analyzed. Conclusion: Last year 2017 offers numerous papers of the highest interest and relevance in the field of ocular inflammation and uveítis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present paper was to review the scientific literature on evidence-based changes in the immune system occurring in people diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. A search in databases of specialized scientific publications included relevant terms concerning such area. Results allow for the understanding of the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular and autoimmune conditions. Conflicting results were found regarding levels of cortisol and the presence of posttraumatic stress, probably due to the fact that most studies do not take into account the time since the occurrence of the traumatic event, the event's severity, and age and sex of participants. Also inconsistent are such aspects as cortisol sampling, the method of cortisol sample collection as well as sampling schedules. In conclusion, further studies are recommended in order to determine in more detail the predictors of this disorder in both genetic and epigenetic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by a dimorphic complex of fungi called Sporothrix schenkii; it is a common disease in our country and has been reported in all continents. This paper presents a proposal of clinical classification of sporotrichosis based on its immunologic behavior, and which is divided into two groups, the first one hyperergic/normergic that presents a normal immune response to the intradermic antigen (sporotrichin M) and poor parasitic forms, and includes the most frequent clinical pictures: cutaneous-lymphatic and fixed-cutaneous; the second group or hypoergic/normergic, with low or no response to the intradermic antigen and presence of yeasts, includes the less frequent clinical pictures with opportunistic behavior: cutaneous-disseminated (hematogenous), cutaneous-superficial, osteoarticular, pulmonar and visceral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human toxocarosis is an important parasitic zoonosis caused by larval stages of Toxocara species, the roundworms from dogs and cats. Larval migration through different soft tissues in the human generates several clinical entities in the patient, such as visceral larva migrans, ocular toxocarosis, and neurotoxocarosis. Deinitive diagnosis by histopathological methods is very difficult or almost impossible and, nowadays, the diagnosis is usually made by clinical signs/symptoms, epidemiological background of the patient and the use of hematological and immunological tests which finally help to confirm the clinical suspicion of the illness. The purpose of this paper was to update the available knowledge on the use of different tools for both the diagnosis and following up of human toxocarosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article attempts to show how organizational structure operates as a source of emotional and functional stability for the production of scientific knowledge, as well as the logic of change, in successful scientific research groups in academia and the public sector. The paper presents the results of the organizational structure of two research groups--Immunochemistry and Immunology--in two dimensions: a) functional stabilization and relative permanence of a group, including composition, orientation, normative action, differentiation and leadership, and b) emotional stabilization, whose dimensions are belonging, in which the group member calculates the costs and benefits of being a member to attain ends, the construction of an ethos, roles, identities, and power in the logic of interaction. Also shown is the process of conforming a new group in Immunology during the consolidation of the trajectory of the Immunochemistry group, as a process of reproduction of research groups in new lines of specialized knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]