Search

En la planta Damují de la provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba, se produce una gran parte del papel kraft empleado en las cajas de cartón que se usan como envases y embalajes. Esta empresa ha presentado diversos problemas con las autoridades ambientales por la contaminación que genera a su río homónimo, hacia el cual vierten sus efluentes líquidos y por las emisiones de gases y el consumo excesivo de su caldera de generación de vapor. El proceso de producción estaba sujeto a la introducción de tres posibles mejoras: Cierre del circuito de agua, el cual permitiría reutilizar el agua en el proceso reduciendo su consumo actual y el uso de aditivos químicos, los cuales también se recuperan; cambio de la caldera de generación de vapor por una más eficiente, lo cual disminuiría la cantidad de vapor generado por unidad de combustible; la otra posible alternativa era la reactivación del sistema de residuales de la planta, el cual se encontraba en muy mal estado. El presupuesto de la entidad no era suficiente para llevar a cabo todas estas mejoras y se requería priorizarlas. Es por ello que se debieron aplicar estudios de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) y la simulación del proceso para evaluar técnica, económica y ambientalmente las alternativas. Según esta investigación se pueden ejecutar, el cambio de la caldera y la reactivación del sistema de residuales o el cierre del circuito de agua, decidiéndose por esta última según los criterios planteados. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper provides a prospective study of food industry companies in the provinces of Villa Clara and Cienfuegos, with a competitive vision in five years. In the prospective solution combines the established methods of future scenarios and SWOT analysis, with the Complex Analysis Processes under uncertainty. The possibilities of producing citric acid products derived from sugar cane and the effect of scale sizes in these productions are studying. Finally, several examples of application are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Bamboo plants have fascinated growers and have motivated several specialists in their study due to their beauty and many applications. They are mostly originated in tropical and subtropical regions of the planet. In Cuba, the level of endemism is low and there are primarily herbaceous size species. For this reason, tree-sized woody species present in Cuba were introduced mainly by the Harvard Botanical Garden, Cienfuegos Botanical Garden today. The main objective is to study the economic potential and adaptation under the climatic conditions of Cuba, overlooking the extensive use of these resources. In previous years the use of these species has only been for emerging and craft work and its extension in reforestation plans has been limited. In 1989 began the first steps to encourage the cultivation and application of this wonder plant in our country. In this paper we show the results achieved in the propagation of bamboo in twenty years of work under different conditions. This helps to diversify the results in several provinces of the country with prospects for a local bamboo economy. Besides, it encourages job opportunities, satisfaction of many basic needs and import substitutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper was developed in the Centro Provincial de Capacitación, Experimentación and Extensión Agropecuaría La Colmena MINAGRI-CETAS, in the period which includes December 1999 to April 2000. This research studies the behaviour of common bean variety prospected in different municipalities of the province by means of the execution of a field experiment using a design of block at random evaluating the varieties of common beans (Phaselous vulgaris L.) Seven Nations (r), Cejita (r), American (n), CC-25-9 (n), CC-25-9 (b). The two latter ones were taking like samples of comparison with the goal of characterizing them in the conditions edafoclimatic in the province. The height of the plants, the phenology of the growing, the components of performance and final performance were evaluated. The varieties which were found by our farmers were premature (85 days) in relation to the varieties recognized as commercial ones. Considering the performance the variety of Seven Nations and Cejita showed high values but they were not exceeded by the variety CC-25-9 (n). Taking into account the conditions in which this research was developed, all the varieties obtained good economic results and it was also perceived the susceptibility of the variety Cejita to the attack of the Roya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]